初中英語定語從句最新

.,1.什么是定語(attribute)？,Ilikethecolours.Whichcolours?,energetic,.,anancientcountrythecolourofwisdomthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingAtoBthepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost,定語-是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語、或句子。漢語中常翻譯成“的”,.,定語可以由形容詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,名詞,分詞,不定式,介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞,介詞短語為例）,.,ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.,(介詞短語作定語),(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語),Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,TheboynamedTomismyclassmate.,(過去分詞作定語),.,1.在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。,.,1.作引導(dǎo)詞,2.在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分;,3.同時連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句(把主句和從句連起來）,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose,關(guān)系副詞whenwhere，why,作用,Grammar,.,2.關(guān)系詞在從句中做成分：相當(dāng)于代詞用的叫關(guān)系代詞，相當(dāng)于副詞用的叫關(guān)系副詞。,.,關(guān)系詞判斷步驟:首先，要看先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系代詞可用which或that;,然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表,.,5.定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu),.先行詞（名詞/代詞）+關(guān)系代詞（who/which/that/whom)+.,1.Heneverforgetsthethingsthat/whichheneedstodo.2.Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosethat/wholaughatyou.3.Doyouknowtheteachersthat/whoaresittinginourclassroomnow?,.,將兩個句子合并成定語從句,Matchthetwosentences,1.Imreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.,Imreadinganarticlethat/whichisaboutTom.,2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.,Sheisateacherthat/whoteachesusEnglish.,3.Whereisthecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.,Whereisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?,1.找先行詞,2.換關(guān)系詞,3.抄其余部分,.,Ilikemusic.,Mostpeoplelikethemusic.,Ilikemusic,thatmostpeoplelike.,that修飾先行詞musicthat在從句中做賓語.(可以省略),定語從句I,.,Ilikesingers.,Thesingerssingthewordsclearly.,Ilikesingers,whosingthewordsclearly.,who修飾先行詞singerswho在從句中做主語.(不能省),.,Rosalikesmusicthatsquietandgentle.Rosa喜歡輕柔的音樂。2.IlikemusicthatIcansingalongwith.我喜歡能隨之歌唱的音樂3.Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.我喜歡能自己作曲的歌星,.,Grammar,1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略,Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,(who作賓語),(who作主語),.,2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,(whom前有介詞to,whom不能省去。),Grammar,.,Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,注:定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制。,.,3.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.,Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,(whose作定語),Grammar,.,4.which指物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省,如介詞提前則不能),Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,Grammar,.,關(guān)系代詞的作用：a.做代詞，代替先行詞b.在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分主語或賓語c.做連詞，把主句和從句連接起來,注意：who/that在定語從句中做主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.,.,單項選擇。1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.（嘲笑）A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen,A,C,B,.,單項選擇,4.Theman_ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who5.Whatistheanimal_babyissleepinginitspocket?A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.which,D,B,.,關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語。,where:在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點.when:在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。,1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,.,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedthePartyonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.,.,5.從句的謂語動詞要與先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。Ilikethebookwhich/thatisonthedesk.我喜歡桌上的那本書。Ilikethebookswhich/thatareonthedesk.,.,Thegirl_wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue,afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom,.,在以下情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,1.指物的先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,2.先行詞是something,nothing,anything等不定代詞時,3.先行詞既有人也有物時,只用that,.,4.先行詞是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修飾時,5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞who或which時，用that,.,只能用which，不用that的情況：(1)在非限制性定語從中。Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定語從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)先行詞是物時。Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.,.,注:who,that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that,1)先行詞是anyone,someone,those時，關(guān)系詞使用who,2)在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who,.,Istillrememberthegirl(whom/that)wesawyesterday.,.,請用thatorwho并成一句1.Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._,Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.,Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.,haveatry,Ex.I,.,3.Tonyhasagoodfriend.ThefriendcanspeakEnglishwell._4.Jimreadsbooks.ThebooksarewritteninEnglish._,TonyhasagoodfriendwhocanspeakEnglishwell.,haveatry,JimreadsbooksthatarewritteninEnglish.,Ex.I,.,5.Wehaveagoodteacher.Theteacherisverybeautiful._6.Ilovesongs.ZhouJielunsingsthesongs_,Wehaveagoodteacherwhoisverybeautiful,IlovesongsthatZhouJielunsings.,haveatry,Ex.I,.,根據(jù)句意，用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空。Heistheman_isreadytohelpothers.2.Thegirl_Ispoketojustnowismyfriend.3.Thedress_youboughtinthecitymallismadeofsilk.4.Billlikesm