北京市延慶縣2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 完形和閱理練習(xí)（四）VIP

北京延慶縣2020高考英語完形和閱理一輪練習(xí)（四）完形填空。完型填空。閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。There was a very special teacher who made a far-reaching difference in my life.Fall, 1959, the first day of class at Bethesda Chevy Chase High School was about to begin. “Who”, I asked a senior, “is Mrs. McNamara, my 10th grade English teacher?” He just 1 and said something about my being in 2 . Soon, I understood what he meant. Mrs. McNamara had a pattern of 3 that she repeated again and again. We would have a literature reading task for 4 . The next day, when we came to class, there would be two or three topics on the blackboard 5 to the homework reading. We were 6 to write an in-class essay about one of the topics. The following day, she would 7 the corrected and graded essays and each person would be called 8 to stand in front of the class and to 9 his/her essay. The class were required to criticize （評論） that essay, 10 the grade of everyone in class would be reduced.The first time that I 11 her read-write-criticize method, I had not 12 to do the homework and had written something without knowing what it meant. 13 the extreme embarrassment I suffered, standing before my classmates, 14 myself. No one laughed at me; no one would be 15 enough, or foolish enough, to do that in Mrs. McNamaras class. The embarrassment came from 16 and along with it came a strong 17 not to let it happen again.Mrs. McNamara kept all of our written work in files; it was easy to see the 18 in writing that had occurred. What was not so easy to see was the inner transformation that had taken place, at least for me. What Mrs. McNamara 19 me to do was to see myself as others see me and, having done that, I could improve myself. And I 20 . Thank you, Mrs. McNamara.( ) 1. A. nodded B. laughed C. apologized D. shouted【答案】B( ) 2. A. trouble B. sorrow C. danger D. anger【答案】A( ) 3. A. behaviour B. evaluation C. activity D. thought【答案】C( ) 4. A. review B. performance C. practice D. homework【答案】D( ) 5. A. added B. related C. contributed D. compared【答案】B( ) 6. A. expected B. persuaded C. allowed D. advised【答案】A( ) 7. A. collect B. return C. send D. receive【答案】B.( ) 8. A. on purpose B. at first C. by chance D. in turn【答案】D( ) 9. A. talk through B. hand over C. read out D. show off【答案】C( ) 10. A. so B. and C. but D. or【答案】D( ) 11. A. tried B. adopted C. examined D. experienced【答案】D( ) 12. A. undertaken B. attempted C. bothered D. hesitated【答案】C( ) 13. A. Remember B. Predict C. Bear D. Imagine【答案】D( ) 4. A. playing jokes on B. making a fool ofC. setting a trap for D. taking advantage of【答案】B( ) 15. A. brave B. careless C. proud D. selfish【答案】A( ) 16. A. above B. within C. behind D. below【答案】B( ) 17. A. tendency B. preference C. determination D. sense【答案】C( ) 18. A. improvements B. pains C. difficulties D. advantages【答案】A( ) 19. A. trusted B. invited C. forced D. permitted【答案】C( ) 20. A. did B. could C. had D. would【答案】A1.【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)下文可知同學(xué)知道作者會陷入麻煩，因此在這里只是笑了笑，并不作答，有幸災(zāi)樂禍之意，故選擇laughed。nodded點(diǎn)頭，apologized道歉，shouted叫喊。2.【解析】考查名詞。從下文看作者因?qū)蠋煹慕谭ê筒贾玫淖鳂I(yè)不認(rèn)真對待，因此會陷入麻煩，故選擇trouble，與in搭配也很協(xié)調(diào)。sorrow悲哀，danger危險(xiǎn)，anger憤怒。3.【解析】考查名詞。此處是指Mrs. McNamara有一種特殊的課堂方法或者是組織的一種課堂活動，選項(xiàng)中只有activity 與含義相符，behaviour是指言行舉止，evaluation評估， thought思想。4.【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)35空后面的to the homework reading可推出此處也是homework。不應(yīng)是面試、表演或?qū)嵺`。5.【解析】考查動詞。這里是指老師在黑板上寫上與家庭作業(yè)有關(guān)的一些話題，應(yīng)選擇related“相關(guān)”。added增加，contributed奉獻(xiàn)，compared比較。6.【解析】考查動詞。此處含義是老師要求我們寫一篇課內(nèi)文章，be expected to do也是一個(gè)搭配，表示“被希望做某事”。persuaded勸服，allowed允許，advised奉勸。7.【解析】考查動詞。作業(yè)做完了肯定要交給老師批閱，然后老師第二天退還給我們，此處選擇return。collect收集，send發(fā)送，receive接收。8.【解析】考查介詞短語。這里是指學(xué)生們輪流站在講臺前向全班學(xué)生讀出自己作品，故選擇in turn。on purpose故意地，at first首先，by chance偶然。9.【解析】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)上下文可知此處是指先讀出作品，然后由其他同學(xué)點(diǎn)評。選擇read out“朗讀出”。talk through電話接通（開始講話）、通話完畢，hand over交出，移交；show off炫耀，顯示。10.【解析】考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知若不能按照要求朗讀而后每人評價(jià)，每個(gè)人的成績就會減分，選擇or“不然的話”符合邏輯。so表因果，and表并列，but表轉(zhuǎn)折。11.【解析】考查動詞。這里是指第一次經(jīng)歷老師的教學(xué)方法，應(yīng)選擇experienced。tried嘗試，adopted吸收，收養(yǎng)，examined檢查。12.【解析】考查動詞。bother to do sth是一個(gè)常見結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不嫌麻煩做某事”，此處因是否定句，意思可理解成“懶得做”。undertaken擔(dān)任, 承攬；attempted企圖，hesitated猶豫。13.【解析】考查動詞。此處含義是“試想我所遭受的極度的尷尬”，選擇Imagine表示“想像”，Remember記住，Predict預(yù)測，Bear忍受。14. 【解析】考查動詞短語。make a fool of有“出洋相”之意，符合文意。play jokes on愚弄，捉弄，set a trap for為設(shè)下圈套，take advantage of利用。15.【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文可知這是一項(xiàng)很嚴(yán)格的活動，因此沒有哪個(gè)學(xué)生敢在Mrs. McNamara課堂上嘲笑起哄別人的。應(yīng)選擇brave。careless，proud和selfish都不合句意。16.【解析】考查介詞。此處是指尷尬來自自身，選擇within與from一起表示來自自身（內(nèi)部）。其它介詞都與文意不符。17.【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)下文not to let it happen again可知此處表示決心不讓此事再次發(fā)生，選擇determination 表示“決心”，tendency傾向，preference偏愛，sense意識，意義。18.【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)這種方法，學(xué)生們可以清楚看到自己在寫作上所取得的進(jìn)步，選擇improvements表示“發(fā)展，進(jìn)步”，pains痛苦，difficulties困難，難處，advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)，用途。19.【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)上文所述，這種方法是帶有強(qiáng)制性的，即強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生們讀評。應(yīng)選擇forced。trusted信任，invited邀請，permitted允許。20.【解析】考查助動詞。此處考查動詞do/did/does代替另一動詞的用法。根據(jù)上文I could improve myself可知應(yīng)使用did代替improved，即“我的確發(fā)展了自我”，不能選擇could，因此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動詞improve本身而并非是“能”。2020高考英語閱讀理解集訓(xùn)。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this way they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time - at least twenty or thirty years.Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 1903 Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 1903 a passenger on a boat called The Penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the areaexcept for The Penguin.Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.1. By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that _.A. people are cruel to animalsB. dolphins are friendly and cleverC. Jack is different from other dolphinsD. dolphins should be protected by law2. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they _.A. live in groups B. have their own languageC. are warm-blooded D. have large brains3. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?A. Its mouth. B. Its ears. C. Its nose. D. Its eyes.4. Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack?A. They wanted his help.B. They enjoyed playing with him.C. He was seriously wounded.D. He was lonely and liked to be with people參考答案1-4：BDAA閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious（勤勤懇懇的） way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany people are still unable or unwillingto “play the game”.“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心計(jì)的） behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University.“But politics derives from the word polite. It can mean lobbying（游說）and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P.Lewis,a management psychologist.“But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It s simple human nature.”Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.49. “Office politics” （Line 2,Para.4） is used in the passage to refer to_.A. the political views and beliefs of office workersB. the interpersonal relationships within a companyC. the various qualities required for a successful careerD. the code of behavior for company staff50. To get promoted, one must not only be competent but_.A. avoid being too outstanding B. get along well with his colleaguesC. honest and loyal to his companyD. give his boss a good impression51. The author considers office politics to be _.A. unwelcome at the workplaceB. bad for interpersonal relationshipsC. an important factor for personal advancementD. indispensable to the development of company culture52. It is the author s view that_.A. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryB. hard work contributes very little to one s promotionC. many employees fail to recognize the need of flatteryD. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature【參考答案】49-52 BDCA閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The producers of instant coffee found their product strongly resisted in the market places despite their products obvious advantages. Furthermore，the advertising expense for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee. Efforts were made to find the cause of the users seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. The reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. The producers doubt that there might be deeper reasons，however. This was supported by one of motivation researchs classic studies，one often cited in the trade. Mason Haire of the University of California constructed two shopping lists that were the same except for one item. There were six items common to both lists: hamburger，carrots，bread，baking powder，canned peaches，and potatoes，with the brands or amounts specified. The seventh item，in fifth place on both lists，read“l(fā)ib. Maxwell House coffee”on one list and“Nescafe instant coffee”on the other. One list was given to each one in a group of fifty women，and the other list to those in another group of the same size. The women were asked to study their lists and then to describe，as far as they could，the kind of woman（personality and character）who would draw up that shopping list. Nearly half of those who had received the list including instant coffee described a housewife who was lazy and a poor planner. On the other hand，only one woman in the other group described the housewife，