中英文翻譯--起重機的工作需要更多的科學(xué)技術(shù).doc

CraneWorkNeedsMoreT馬棚網(wǎng)CraneWorkNeedsMoreTechniqueAbstractCraneworkneedsmoretechnology.Constructionoftowercranesarethemainverticaltransportationequipmentandalsoameasureofconstructioncompaniesandequipmentstrengthoftheimportantlogo,intodaysincreasinglycompetitiveconstructionmarket,tomeettheconstructionneedsofmanyconstructioncompanieshaveboughtthetowercrane.Withthetowercraneattheconstructionsiteofthewidelyusedbythetowercraneaccidentalsocausedmoreandmoretopeopleslivesandpropertybroughtaboutgreatlosses.Accordingtonationalstatistics,thedepartmentsconcerned,thetowercraneaccidentratereached2.77percent.ItssecurityproblemisstilltheurgencyoftheconstructionLoosetraining,testingandoversightrequirementsforthepeoplewhoworkaroundconstructioncraneshavefosteredafalsesenseofsecurityinourindustry.Therecentdeadlytower-cranecollapseatacongestedNewYorkCitybuildingsiteshouldbeawake-upcallforustoquestionandstepupourcurrentsafetypractices.Trainingandtestingiskingwhenitcomestosafety.Buttheconstructionindustryisputtingunqualifiedpersonnelintheseatsofconstructioncranes,evenwithtodaystesting.Inmanyplaces,noexperienceisnecessaryafterpassingastandardizedtest.Oneweekofstudywillgivesomepeopleenoughknowledgetopassacertificationexamination,andthentheycanjumpintothecabofacrane.Imaginethatacommercialairlinepilothadthesametrainingasacertifiedcraneoperator.Howwouldyoufeelthenexttimeyoudecidedtofly?InCalifornia,ittakesmorehoursoftrainingtowieldapairofscissorsinahairsalonthantooperatepotentiallydangerousliftingmachinery.Howdoesthismakesense?Riggersandsignalpersonsalsoneedstandardtrainingandtestingtoensuresafetyunderthehook.Employersusuallyallowanycrafttosignalacraneonajobsite,despitebestpracticesthatrequireonlyqualifiedpeopledoso.Howisitthenthatuncertifiedanduntrainedpeopleareallowedtosignalandrigunderthehookofalicensedorcertifiedoperator?Towercranesareparticularlyriskyasurbansitesbecomemorecongested,andtheriskofacatastrophiceventisveryhighduringclimbingoperations.Yetmosttower-craneclimbingcrewsaretrainedinanon-traditionalmanner,viasecondhandknowledgethathasbeenpasseddownovertime.Theproblemwiththistypeofhand-me-downknowledgeisthatitchangesovertheyears,leavingoutsmall-but-importantdetailsalongtheway.Thisosmosisofknowledgeleadscrewstodeveloptheirowntricksforclimbingcranes,oftenforsakingbasicsafetyinanattempttosavetimeandenergy.Inmanycases,therearenosafetydevicesoralarmstowarnofaseriousproblem.Climbingcrewsaresubjectedtopressuresthataffectsafety-criticaldecision-making.Itisnotuncommonforclimbstocontinuewithdamagedorleakinghydraulicsystems,out-of-adjustmentorjammedguiderollers,oftenworkinginthedarkandforextendedhours.ThisMacGyvermethodofclimbing,whereeveryjumpbecomesanewadventure,shouldnotbethenorm.Climbing-framedesignsvaryamongmanufacturers,buttheoperationalstepsaresimilarinprinciple.Theclimbingprocessisrelativelystraightforward,withamixtureofphysicalworkandtechnicalprocedure.Itisnotcomplex；itismoreaboutknowingthepropersequenceofwhatneedstobedoneandthenfollowingthesteps,onebyone,makingsureeachstephasbeensuccessfullycompletedbeforemovingontothenext.Itisessentialthateveryoneknowexactlywhatisgoingonandwhatthedangersareateverystage.Thatswhytheindustryneedsstandardizedtraining,testingandoversightforthiswork,includingapracticalassessmentofcompetence.Techniciansshouldhavemodel-specifictrainingdirectlyfromthemanufacturer,alongwithalevelofpracticalexperience.Inspectors,too,shouldberequiredtohavespecifictechnicaltraining.Theyshouldbeindependentfromallaspectsofinstallationandmaintenancetoallowforobjectivedecisions.Keypersonnelonerectioncrewsshouldhavestandardtrainingandtesting.Whentheseneedsaresatisfied,craneoperationsshouldbecarriedoutinstrictaccordancewiththemanufacturersinstructions,engineeringprincipalsandgovernmentallaws.Butindustrystakeholdersandlawmakersneedtostepuptheirlaxstandardstoprotectthepublic.NewYorkCityresidents,whohaveseentheirhomesturnedintodustanddebris,wouldbeshockedatthewaytheindustrydealswiththeseissues.起重機的工作需要更多的科學(xué)技術(shù)摘要塔式起重機是建筑施工垂直運輸?shù)闹饕O(shè)備，也是衡量一個建筑施工企業(yè)裝備實力的重要標(biāo)識，在當(dāng)今競爭日益激烈的建筑市場，為滿足施工需要，很多施工企業(yè)都購置了塔式起重機。隨著塔式起重機在施工現(xiàn)場的廣泛使用，由塔式起重機引發(fā)的傷亡事故也越來越多，給人民的生命財產(chǎn)帶來重大損失。據(jù)國內(nèi)有關(guān)部門統(tǒng)計資料表明，塔式起重機的事故率已達2.77%。其安全問題仍然是建筑施工中的憂患起重機的工作需要更多的科學(xué)技術(shù)松散的培訓(xùn)，測試和監(jiān)督的要求,周圍的建筑起重機給這些工作的人樹立了一種虛假的安全感，在我們的行業(yè)。最近塔式起重機倒塌在一個繁忙的紐約市建筑地盤應(yīng)敲響警鐘，提醒我們問題的存在，并加強我們目前安全的做法。當(dāng)談到安全問題時，訓(xùn)練和測試是關(guān)鍵。不過，建造業(yè)是把不合格人員放在建筑起重機的駕駛位上，甚至沒有通過今天的測試。在許多地方，沒有任何經(jīng)驗必須合格的通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的測試。一周的學(xué)習(xí)將給予一些人足夠的知識足以通過認(rèn)證考試，然后他們可以跳轉(zhuǎn)到的起重機的駕駛室。想象一下一個商業(yè)航空公司飛行員和一個認(rèn)證的起重機操作員有相同的訓(xùn)練。你會如何感覺，下一次你決定要坐飛機？在加利福尼亞州，掌握一對剪刀在頭發(fā)沙龍比操作有潛在危險的起重機械需要更多的時間訓(xùn)練。如何，這是否合理？裝配工人和發(fā)信號的