介詞Prepostions

1、 Preposition Grammatical Meaning Morphological Features Classification Prepositional phrase & its Functions in sentenceWord or group of words used esp. before a noun or pronoun to show place, position, time, method, etc.Morphological features:1 form word;2 not used as sentence element;3 unstressed w

2、hen reading; 4 place before n. or pronoun;5 showing relationship between nouns and pronouns;The usage of prep. is a matter of habitual practice. Different prep. with the same word, & the same prep. with different words result in different meanings.According to:1 morphological structure 2 lexical mea

3、ning 形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)詞義詞義1 simple prep. 2 compound prep.3 phrasal prep.4 participial prep.5 derivative prep.6 dual prep. 簡單介詞簡單介詞 合成介詞合成介詞 短語介詞短語介詞 分詞介詞分詞介詞 派生介詞派生介詞 二重介詞二重介詞 at, by, in, through, of into, upon, without, within, throughout according to, because of, instead of, in front of, in spite of, on ac

4、count of including, concerning, regarding aboard, around, along, behind, besides, beyond from behind, until afterTo show:time; place; reason; result; manner/method; affiliation;concession; accompanimentpurpose/target; 表示地點表示地點: about, above, across, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind,

5、 below, between, beside, by,down, from, in, into, near, off, on, out of, outside, over, past, to, within,through, towards, under; 表示時間表示時間: at, in, on, since, from, about, till (until), before, after, behind, by, within, for, during, around, past, to, between, near, over, into;表示方式、方法表示方式、方法: with,

6、in, by, through, without, according to, by means of;表示原因表示原因:from, of, through, for, with,over, by, in, on, because of, at, out of;表示目的、目標表示目的、目標: for, on, in, at, to, against, after;表示所屬表示所屬: of, from, out of, with, in;表示結(jié)果表示結(jié)果: in, into, out, of, to表示伴隨表示伴隨: with表示讓步表示讓步: after, despite, for, with

7、, in spite of;prepositional phrase:preposition and the noun or pronoun after it;It functions as:1 adverbial 2 attribute3 predicative 4 complementThe sun rises in the east. The young man stood against the door. The book on the desk is Jacks.A friend in need is a friend indeed. She looks like her moth

8、er. Who is on duty today? We found ourselves in a dark wood. Lincoln is seen as one of the greatest American presidents.1 表示地點的表示地點的in和和at一般小地方用一般小地方用at, 大地方用大地方用in。Doctor Bethune arrived in China in spring 1938.arrive at a station;2 表示時間的表示時間的in和和after in一般用于將來時一般用于將來時after一般用于過去時中一般用于過去時中Hell be b

9、ack in a week.He returned after a week.3 in和和on表時間區(qū)別表時間區(qū)別 in表一段時間表一段時間; on表具體時間表具體時間He usually goes to school in the morning.He usually stays at home on Sunday morning. at night, at noon, by day4 besides和和except的區(qū)別的區(qū)別besides “除了除了以外，還有以外，還有”except “只有只有除外除外”Besides Mr. Brown, we also went to see the

10、 film.（布朗先生也去了）（布朗先生也去了）Except Mr. Brown, we went to see the film. （布朗先生沒去）（布朗先生沒去）beside “在在旁邊旁邊”Come and sit beside me.except for 表示除去整體中的一部分。表示除去整體中的一部分。The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.The village is quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.except that 后加從句

11、后加從句：The composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.The village is quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.5 in, to和和on表方位表方位in 某范圍之內(nèi)，某范圍之內(nèi)，to某范圍之外，某范圍之外，on 毗鄰、接壤毗鄰、接壤China lies in the east of Asia.Liaoning Province lies to the south of Heilongjiang Pr

12、ovince.Mongolia lies on the north of China.6 above, over 和和on的區(qū)別的區(qū)別above“在在之上、高于之上、高于”表示相對高度，不一定在正上方，表示相對高度，不一定在正上方，反義詞是反義詞是belowover“在在之上之上”表示垂直之上，反義詞是表示垂直之上，反義詞是under；on“在在之上之上”表示與表面接觸，反義詞是表示與表面接觸，反義詞是beneath A bird is flying above the wood. He keeps his head above water. There is a lamp over our

13、heads. He put a map on the desk.Practice for Preposition Part One: Choose best answer Part Two: Fill in the blanks1. The boat is passing _ the bridge. A under B through C across 2. We went to London _ October, 1997. A in B on C at AA3. Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian. A in B at C to4. _ the morning o

14、f June 27, they visited the Great Wall.A In B At C On D FromCC5. My room is _ the third floor. A at B on C in D to 6. They will leave a week _ today. A from B on C by D for BA7. My aunt has worked in a clinic _ 1949.A after B before C till D since8. The sewing machine is made _ China.A of B on C in

15、D fromDC9. His father will be back from London _ a few days.A since B on C in D to10. We need fifteen more people _ our team to do the job. A but B except C as well D besidesCD11. My uncle lives _ 105 Beijing Street. A on B at C to D of12. He slept well _ all the windows open. A when B while C with

16、D becauseBC13. I dont think you can finish the work _ my help. A since B because C without D unlessC14. No one knew Mr. Bensons address _ his daughter. A except B excepts C only D besideA15. Do you know any other foreign language _ English? A except B but C beside D besidesD16. They are going to pla

17、nt trees _ side of the road. A on both B in either C in both D on eitherD17. He suddenly returned _ a rainy night.A on B at C in D during18. We offered him our congratulations _ his success.A at B on C for D of AB19. If they are determined to strike, they will do so _ what the law says. A regardless

18、 of B instead of C in light of D in face ofA20. _ the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Professor White persisted in his research.A Because of B In spite of C As to D In view ofB21. We would contact your nearest relative _ any accident occurring.A in the event of B in the place of C in o

19、rder of D on account ofA22. _ the difficulty of getting a job, there will be the problem of finding accommodation in a place where rents are so high. A Except for B In addition C Apart from D Other thanC23. He knows English history quite well, but _ French history he can tell you nothing.A regarding

20、 B with regards C as regards to D as regardingA24. It is a well-known fact that water _ atoms of hydrogen and oxygen.A consists in B consists of C composed of D is made fromB25. _ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A In spite of B Because of C But for D As forC1. _

21、modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.With2. _ the exception of institutions controlled by church or private corporations, Latin American universities are regulated by Federal laws.With3. I have given up trying to con

22、vince him; there is no point _ arguing with him.4. _ second thoughts, I have decided to postpone my visit to Japan.inOn5. Mr. Smith is looking for an experienced secretary who is capable _ a sales office.6. My parents are not interested in modern music. They are _ the times.ofbehind7. _ quite recent

23、ly, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.8. I prefer writing a term paper _ taking an exam.Untilto9. It is said that the bus company will raise the bus fare _ 5%.10. The students are very familiar _ all the works of Shakespeare and Milton.bywith11. I forgot where I had put

24、 my key _ the door.12. Our Prime Minister made a short speech in America _ an interpreter.tothrough13. Please write in ink, and dont forget to write _ every other line.14. The children are playing _ the snow.onin15. Several bridges have been built _ the Huangpu River.16. Would you like to add some milk and sugar _ your coffee?overto17. We usually have a day off _ Christma