高一動(dòng)詞主謂一致

1、 2012年高一秋季班教材 模塊二 動(dòng)詞 6大考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)目錄1、主謂一致2、時(shí)態(tài)一致3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞4、虛擬語氣5、非謂語6、動(dòng)詞搭配及辨析動(dòng)詞本質(zhì)1動(dòng)詞的語法作用（2個(gè)）：兩者居一，非此即彼。（1）作謂語 I love you.（2）作非謂語 I want to love you.2謂語動(dòng)詞的本質(zhì)：（1）一個(gè)句子有且只有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞。（2）謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：謂語動(dòng)詞 = 助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 例外：be動(dòng)詞可例外（在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中）（3）動(dòng)詞做謂語的考點(diǎn):（4個(gè)） 主謂一致 時(shí)態(tài)一致 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 虛擬語氣3 助動(dòng)詞的本質(zhì) （1）助動(dòng)詞的分類：4類 be 動(dòng)詞 do 動(dòng)詞 have動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 （2）助

2、動(dòng)詞的特征：2個(gè) 無實(shí)際含義; 僅體現(xiàn)語法作用 （3）助動(dòng)詞的語法作用：（3個(gè)） 體現(xiàn)人稱 （三單） 體現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài) 體現(xiàn)句式 1) 否定句：助動(dòng)詞+not2) 疑問句：助動(dòng)詞+主語3) 倒裝句：助動(dòng)詞+主語II1 主謂一致（53道） 本質(zhì)化：1主謂一致的本質(zhì)：（2個(gè)）（1）本質(zhì)：主語決定謂語動(dòng)詞；（2）主語：只有名詞性的詞及詞組才能作主語。2主謂一致的分類：（3類）（1）語法一致（2）意義一致（3）就近原則3主謂一致的解題技巧：去偽存真，找出主語。1【1988 全國(guó) 13】Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _seaAis BareCwereDhas

3、 been2.【2013江蘇 21】Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _essential to their development.AisBareCwasDwere3【2011 江蘇 22】The fact that so many people still smoke in public place _that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smokingAsuggest B

4、suggests CsuggestedDsuggesting4【2009 江西 28】At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot jobs to the areaAis BareCwill beDwere 5【2004 上海春30】No one in the department but Tom and I _that the director is going to resign.Aknows Bknow Chave known Dam to know一語法一致

5、本質(zhì)化：1語法一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語在單、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。2語法一致是主謂一致的規(guī)則用法。3通常所說的主謂一致實(shí)際是指語法一致。1【2010 陜西 24】It is reported that many a new house _at present in the disaster area Aare being built Bwere being built Cwas being built Dis being built數(shù)量化：（6類）（一）n1 + 介+n2 （二）介詞of 的主謂一致 （三）quantity的主謂一致 （四）形容詞從句的主謂一致 （五）名詞從句的主謂一致 （六）動(dòng)詞

6、非謂語的主謂一致 （一）n1 + 介+n2 法則化：1n1+ 介+n2 ，主語為n1, 因?yàn)?介+n = adj/adv2考點(diǎn)介詞有：（1）with, together/along with, combined with， besides, accompanied by, including, in addition to, as well as; （2）except ( except for ),but,apart from, rather than; （3）more than, no less than; （4）like, such as 1【1986 全國(guó) 14】Nobody but J

7、ane _the secretAknow BknowsChave known Dis known2【1990 全國(guó) 20】A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a giftAis offered Bhas offeredCare offered Dhave offered3【1999 上海 2】E-mail, as well as telephones, _an important part in daily communicationAis playingBhave playedCare playingDplay4【2004

8、 廣東 21】All the employees except the manager _to work online at home.Aencourages Bencourage Cis encouragedDare encouraged5.【2013福建23】 The famous musician, as well as his students, _to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.Awere invitedBwas invited Chave been invited Dhas been

9、 invited（二）介詞of 的主謂一致法則化：1規(guī)則：1）表示所屬關(guān)系， n1+ of+n2 , 主語為n1。 2）量詞+ of+n，主語為量詞。2例外：表示數(shù)量，數(shù)量+of +n，主語為名詞。1【2000 上海春 5】The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets_Awas booked Bhad been booked Cwere booked Dhave been booked 2【1999 上海 12】Books of this kind _wellAsell

10、 Bsells Care sold Dis sold3【1988 全國(guó) 13】Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _seaAis BareCwereDhas been4【2002 北京春 31】How are the team playing? Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt Agot Bgets Care Dwere 5【1984 全國(guó) 12】A good deal of money _spent on booksAhaveBhasChave beenDhas been6【2006 全國(guó)I

11、I 20】As you can see, the number of cars on roads _rising these daysAwas keeping Bkeep Ckeeps Dwere keeping7【1996 全國(guó) 14】The number of people _invited fifty, but a number of them _absent for different reasonsAwere; wasBwas; wasCwas; were Dwere; were（三）quantity的主謂一致法則化：1規(guī)則：a quantity of + n, 主語為名詞，表一定數(shù)

12、量。2例外：quantities of +n, 主語為quantities。1【2001 上海 23】As a result of destroying the forests, a large _of desert_covered the landAnumber; has Bquantity; has Cnumber; have Dquantity; .have 2【2005 山東 25】With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth_ each year Ais washing away Bis being

13、washed away Care washing away Dare being washed away 3【2009 福建 22】Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water_.Ahave polluted Bis being polluted Chas been pollutedDhave been polluted （四）形容詞從句的主謂一致法則化：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在形從中作主語時(shí)，形從的主語為先行詞。1【2002 上海春 26】He is the only one of the students who

14、 _ a winner ofscholarship in three yearsAis Bare Chave been Dhas been 2【2011 安徽 27】The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which_ saved for other purposesAis B are Cwas D were 3【2009 四川 17】The teacher together with the students _discussing Reading Skills that _newly published i

15、n AmericaAare ; were Bis ; were Care ; was Dis ; was4.【2013湖南33】The university estimates that living expenses for international students _ around $8,450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them.A. are；isB. are；areC. is；areD. is；is（五）名詞從句的主謂一致法則化：名詞從句作主語為單數(shù)，等于it。1【2006 安徽 30】Most of what has been sa

16、id about the Smiths _also true of the JohnsonsAare Bis Cbeing Dto be2【2006 天津 4】What we used to think _impossible now does seem possible.Ais Bwas Chas been Dwill be（六）動(dòng)詞非謂語的主謂一致法則化：動(dòng)詞非謂語作主語為單數(shù)，等于it；只有動(dòng)名詞，不定式才能作主語。1【2010 湖南 33】Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some tee

17、nagersAis Bare Chas DHave2【1991 全國(guó) 32】When and where to build the new factory _yetAis not decided Bare not decidedChas not decided Dhave not decided二意義一致本質(zhì)化：1意義一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語在單復(fù)數(shù)意義上保持一致， 與形式無關(guān)。2意義一致是主謂一致的例外用法。1【1987 全國(guó) 15】All but one _here just nowAis BwasChas been Dwere2【2000 上海春 16】Every possible mea

18、ns _to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clearAis used Bare usedChas been used Dhave been used 數(shù)量化：（4個(gè)）（一）不定代詞的意義一致 （二）專有名詞的意義一致 （三）集體名詞的意義一致 （四）兩個(gè)名詞同作主語 （一）不定代詞的意義一致法則化：1由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有every，each，no，more than a/an，many a/an修飾時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。2neither，none作主語，既可為單數(shù)，又可為復(fù)數(shù)。1【2008 陜西 15

19、】 Did you go to the show last night? YeahEvery boy and girl in the area _invitedAwere Bhave been Chas been Dwas（二）專有名詞的意義一致 法則化：專有名詞作主語為單數(shù)，表示國(guó)家，機(jī)構(gòu)，事件，作品名稱；標(biāo)志：首字母大寫1【2009 四川 17】The teacher together with the students _discussing Reading Skills that _newly published in AmericaAare ; were Bis ; were Car

20、e ; was Dis ; was（三）集體名詞的意義一致法則化：1集體名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語表示的意思： 1）當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞使用三單。 2）當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體成員時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞使用相應(yīng)形式。2常見集體名詞有：class，family，audience，club，public，team， staff，committee.3cattle，people，police一般表示復(fù)數(shù)含義。（四）兩個(gè)名詞同作主語法則化：and連接兩個(gè)并列主語在意義上指同一人或物時(shí)，為單數(shù)。常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：a cup and saucer一套茶具 fork and knife 一套餐具law and o

21、rder 法制 soap and water 肥皂水the needle and thread 針線 trial and error 反復(fù)嘗試horse and carriage 馬車 time and tide 歲月bread and butter奶油面包 the ebb and flow 盛衰1【2006 江蘇 34】A poet and artist _coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere三就近原則法則化：（1）就近原則：謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與最

22、近作主語的名詞保持一致；（2）就近原則：是主謂一致的例外用法；必須有特殊結(jié)構(gòu)才能使用。數(shù)量化：（一）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的就近原則（二）倒裝句的就近原則 （一）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的就近原則 法則化：需要用就近原則的特殊連詞有：（6個(gè)）or, either or , whether orneither nor ,not only but also ，not but 1【1989 全國(guó) 27】Not only I but also Jane and Mary _tired of having one examination after anotherAis Bare Cam Dbe2【2009 陜西 33】Either

23、 you or one of your students _to attend the meeting that is due tomorrowAareBisChaveDbe（二）倒裝句的就近原則 法則化：在全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞由其后第一個(gè)名詞決定。1【1985全國(guó)】On the wall _two large portraits Ahangs Bhang Changed Dhanging1.【2013全國(guó)I 14】The basketball coach, as well as the players, interviewed shortly after the match for th

24、eir outstanding performance.A. were B. are C. is D. was2【2011 湖南 26】One-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black peopleAis; are Bis; is Care; are Dare; is3【2010 四川 15】Such poets as Shakespeare _widely read, of whose works, however, some _difficult to underst

25、andAare; areBis; isCare; is Dis; are4【2010 全國(guó)II 9】Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only of the women who _ evening dressAwear Bwears Chas worn Dhave worn 5【2010 天津 10】Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World ExpoAare exhibiting Bis

26、exhibiting Care being exhibited Dis being exhibited6【2010 四川 15】Such poets as Shakespeare _widely read, of whose works, however, some _difficult to understandAare; areBis; isCare; is Dis; are7【2009 陜西 7】Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing this summerAis going to Bare goi

27、ng toCwas going toDwere going to 8【2009 山東 25】The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990Ais Bare Chas been Dhave been9【2009 江蘇 21】The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949The figure is now approaching 74 millionAhas grownBhave g

28、rown Cgrew Dare growing10【2007 陜西 9】As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area_Aneed repairing Bneeds to repairCneeds repairing Dneed to repair11【2007 湖南 30】We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _so small that a day is unimportant A is

29、 B are C has been D have been 12【2007 浙江 17】Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _yetAhasnt been decided Bhavent decided Cisnt being decided Darent decided13【2007 江西 25】A survey of the opinions of experts _that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _good for ones healthAshow; are Bshows; is Cshow; is Dshows; are14【200