2016小升初PEP小學(xué)英語語法大全

1、實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 名 詞 一、 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別 普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞分為個(gè)體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個(gè)體，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集體名詞(表示作為一個(gè)整體來看的一群人或一些事物，如people, family 等)。 如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個(gè)數(shù)來計(jì)算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名詞(表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念，如work, homework,

2、 time, health, friendship等)。 二、 可數(shù)名詞 可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下： 1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。 如：book books room rooms house houses day days 2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es 。 如：bus buses glass glasses watch watches dish dishes box boxes 3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，要先將y改為i再加-es。 如

3、：city cities body bodies factory factories等等。 4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，要將f或fe改為v再加-es。 如：half halves leaf leaves knife knives wife wives 5. 特例 悄悄話：特例常?？?，要記住。 child children man men woman women policeman policemen policewoman-policewomen tomato tomatoes potato potatoes 悄悄話： 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加-es，其余的當(dāng)然加-s

4、嘍！如：photo photos foot feet tooth teeth 悄悄話： oo變成ee。 mouse-mice fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形 悄悄話： 變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。 people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，要求謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指多個(gè)民族。 三、 不可數(shù)名詞 1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)它作句子的主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 如：The food is very fresh. 食品很新鮮。 2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但他們的意義發(fā)生變化。 如：water (水) water

5、s (水域) orange (橘汁) oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)為不可數(shù)，表示種類時(shí)就可數(shù)，但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。 如：fruit fruits food foods fish fishes hair h 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ jui

6、ce_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ * 用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some_(food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two_(tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle. 5. There are five_(people ) in his family. 6. Let's take_(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of_

7、(tomato) here. 8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow. 9. The_(child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their_(dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white_(hair). 12. They are_(woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of _ (orange), please? 14. There are many_(fox) in the

8、picture. 15. I would like some apple_(juice). I am very thirsty. 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能 1.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與 always，often，usually，every day，sometimes等連用。 如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。 2.表示客觀事實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 3.用在格言或諺語中。如：Knowledge is power.知識(shí)就是力量。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成 1. be動(dòng)詞： 陳述

9、句：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。 如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。 否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。 如：Where is my bike? 2.行為動(dòng)詞： 陳述句：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。 如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。 如：Mary l

10、ikes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。 否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。 如：I don't like bread. 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。 如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。 如：Do you often play football? Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。 如：Does she go to work by bike?

11、 Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。 如：How does your father go to work? 第三人稱單數(shù) 動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)： 一、 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)

12、 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ _ carry _ _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. He often _ _ _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _ _ _(be) in Class One. 3. We _ _ _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _ _ _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ _ _ t

13、hey _ _ _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _ _ _they often _ _ _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ _ _ your parents _ _ _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _ _ _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _ _ _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _ _ _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _ _ _(

14、like) cooking. 12. They _ _ _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _ _ _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _ _ _(do) your homework well. 15. I _ _ _(be) ill. I'm staying in bed. 16. She _ _ _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _ _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _ _

15、_(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _ _ _(be) it today? It's Saturday. 三、按照要求改寫句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _ _ 3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答) _ _ 4. Amy likes playi

16、ng computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _ _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句) _ 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問) _ 8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問) _ 9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _ _ 10. Simon and Daniel like goin

17、g skating.(改為否定句) _ 五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _ 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 一般過去時(shí) 1一般過去時(shí)的功能 （1）表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 如：We visited our unc

18、le last week.上周我們探望了我們的叔叔。 （2）一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 如：I watched TV every day last month.上個(gè)月我每天都看電視。 常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用 表示過去的時(shí)間狀 1、yesterday Yesterday，the day before yesterday，yesterday evening 2、last last night，last+時(shí)間(last week , last month, last year) 3、ago a moment ago（=just now），long long ago，“一段時(shí)間+a

19、go”表示“前”。如：three days ago” 4、這一組,是考試?？嫉?需要特別記憶! this morning，when I was five years old，in +過去時(shí)間詞(in 1998)，once upon a time(很久以前) 2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化： am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。 are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not（was not=wasn't ，were not=weren't），一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句

20、首。 3句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子 否定句：didn't +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim didn't go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句： 疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是e加d，如

21、：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 過去時(shí)練習(xí) 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1） 一、 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I _ a

22、t school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday eveni

23、ng. 二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. It was exciting. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（2） 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4

24、. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Children's Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 1. T

25、here was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、 中譯英 1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。 _ 2他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。 _ 3一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。 _ 行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1） 一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy _ (pic

26、k) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

27、否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 3. We sang some English songs. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（2） Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to t

28、he park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find)

29、 a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、中譯英 1. 格林先生去年住在中國(guó)。 2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。 3. 他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。 _ 過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)（1） 一、 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. It _ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday. 2. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.

30、 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 7. Jim's mother _ (plant) trees just now. 8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _. 9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We

31、 _ (go) to school on Sunday. 二、 中譯英 1. 我們上周五看了一部電影。 _ 2. 他上個(gè)中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。 _ 3. 你們上個(gè)兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動(dòng)物園。 _ 4. 你上周在哪兒?在野營(yíng)基地。 _ 過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)（2） Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car. 2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment a

32、go. 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 3. Don't _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean) 4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do) 5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick) 7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 8. She _ (be) a pretty

33、girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk) 二、中譯英 1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _ 2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。 _ 3. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒有。 _ 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的功能 （1）表示現(xiàn)在（說話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般和now,right now,at this moment等連用

34、。 （2）也可以表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情（說話時(shí)不一定進(jìn)行），常與this week，this month，these days（這些天）連用。 如：We are writing a book this month.這個(gè)月我們正在寫一本書。 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成 肯定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞（am /is /are）+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。 如：They are playing basketball now.他們現(xiàn)在在打籃球。 He is cleaning the classroom now.他正在打掃教室。 I am reading a book.我正在讀一本書。 否定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞（am /

35、is /are）+not+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。 如：They are not playing basketball now.他們現(xiàn)在不在打籃球。 一般疑問句：Be動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。 肯定回答：Yes，主語+be動(dòng)詞（am /is /are）。 否定回答：No，主語+be動(dòng)詞（am /is /are）+not。 如：Are they playing basketball now.他們現(xiàn)在在打籃球嗎？ 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 如：What are they playing now?他們現(xiàn)在在玩什么？ 但是，當(dāng)疑問詞為主語時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+ be + 動(dòng)詞ing? 如：Wh

36、o are playing baskerball now?誰正在打籃球？ 動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)： 一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞： play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put

37、_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,wa

38、ter) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. It's 5 o'clock now. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換： 1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are clean

39、ing the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ 3I'm playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問) _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問) _ 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 一般將來時(shí) 一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： b

40、e going to + do； 如：I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon. will+ do. 如：I will have a picnic this afternoon. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won't。 如：I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。 如：Are you going to have a p

41、icnic this afternoon? 如：Will you have a picnic this afternoon? 五、特殊疑問句。一般來說有三種情況： 1. 問人（對(duì)主語提問）。用Who 如：I'm going to New York soon. Who's going to New York soon. 2. 問干什么（對(duì)行為動(dòng)詞提問）。用What do. 如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you th

42、is afternoon. 3.問什么時(shí)候（對(duì)時(shí)間提問）。When. 如：She's going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 實(shí)用文檔 文案大全 練習(xí)： 填空。 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Ye