在職研究生英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)

1、English Lexicology(II)1張燕華張燕華英語專業(yè)教研室英語專業(yè)教研室English Lexicology(II)2詞匯?？碱}型詞匯常考題型English Lexicology(II)3詞匯測(cè)試的目的主要是測(cè)試詞匯測(cè)試的目的主要是測(cè)試對(duì)詞語的掌握程度，對(duì)詞語的掌握程度，運(yùn)用能力及辨析能力運(yùn)用能力及辨析能力。詞匯部分特別注重對(duì)。詞匯部分特別注重對(duì)基礎(chǔ)基礎(chǔ)詞匯詞匯的測(cè)試，的測(cè)試， 或是或是詞的辨析和比較詞的辨析和比較， 或是或是固定搭固定搭配配， 或是或是常用的詞組常用的詞組。學(xué)習(xí)掌握一些英語構(gòu)詞法學(xué)習(xí)掌握一些英語構(gòu)詞法注意比較注意比較同義詞和近義詞的區(qū)別。同義詞和近義詞的區(qū)別。熟

2、記固定詞組搭配熟記固定詞組搭配。充分利用題干中的充分利用題干中的邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理。進(jìn)行推理。題干中的邏輯關(guān)系包括同義結(jié)構(gòu)、反義關(guān)系、因題干中的邏輯關(guān)系包括同義結(jié)構(gòu)、反義關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系等。果關(guān)系等。 English Lexicology(II)4一、同義詞與近義詞一、同義詞與近義詞 指含義基本相同或相近的詞，但考生指含義基本相同或相近的詞，但考生需要能區(qū)分這些同義詞與近義詞的不需要能區(qū)分這些同義詞與近義詞的不同用法及其基本搭配。同用法及其基本搭配。 English Lexicology(II)51.The discovery of new oil-fields in various pa

3、rts of the country filled the government with _ hope. A. eternal B. infinite C. ceaseless D. everlasting eternal: 永恒的永恒的 infinite：無限的：無限的 ceaseless: 不停的，繼續(xù)的不停的，繼續(xù)的 everlasting:永久的永久的,無休止的無休止的 English Lexicology(II)62. Although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money. A. economic B. thrif

4、ty C. frugal D. careful economic: 經(jīng)濟(jì)的，不浪費(fèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)的，不浪費(fèi)的 thrifty: 節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的 thrifty of frugal: 節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的，節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的，frugal with careful 小心的小心的 English Lexicology(II)7二、形似詞二、形似詞 指同根詞，指同根詞， 即詞根相同，即詞根相同， 但詞義、用但詞義、用法有差異的詞；法有差異的詞； 以及同綴詞，以及同綴詞， 即詞前即詞前綴或后綴相同，綴或后綴相同， 但詞義、用法不同的但詞義、用法不同的詞。詞。 English Lexicol

5、ogy(II)83. The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field. A. respectable B. respectful C. respective D. respecting respectable: 令人尊敬的，令人尊敬的， 可敬的可敬的 respectful: 恭敬的，有禮貌的恭敬的，有禮貌的 respective: 各自的，分別的各自的，分別的 respecting: 關(guān)于關(guān)于 English Lexicology(II)94. Your advice would be_ valuable to him, w

6、ho is now at a loss as to what to do. A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively exceedingly: 及其，非常及其，非常 excessively: 過多，過分過多，過分 extensively: 廣泛地，大量地廣泛地，大量地 exclusively: 專有地，單獨(dú)地專有地，單獨(dú)地 English Lexicology(II)10三、基本搭配和固定短語三、基本搭配和固定短語 注意積累一定的習(xí)慣用法和搭配。注意積累一定的習(xí)慣用法和搭配。 English Lexicology(I

7、I)115. You must let me have the annual report without _ by ten oclock tomorrow morning. A. failure B. hesitation C. trouble D. fail without failure 為固定用法，表示為固定用法，表示“一一定，定， 必定必定” English Lexicology(II)126. I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him. A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experie

8、nce by chance: 偶然的，意外的偶然的，意外的 by heart: 用心記住用心記住 by sight: 面熟面熟 by experience: 從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中 English Lexicology(II)137. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. A. on view B. at a glance C. on the scene D. in sight on view: 展覽，展

9、覽， 陳列陳列 at a glance: 看一眼就看一眼就 on the scene: 出現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)， 到場(chǎng)到場(chǎng) in sight: 在視野中，在視野中， 看得見看得見 English Lexicology(II)14四、四、 常見動(dòng)詞與介詞、副詞構(gòu)成的短語常見動(dòng)詞與介詞、副詞構(gòu)成的短語8. She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit （押金）（押金）. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand down D. hand over hand in: 提交提交 hand

10、 out: 分發(fā)，分發(fā)， 散發(fā)散發(fā) hand down: 往下傳，往下傳， 傳給（后代）傳給（后代） hand over: 移交，移交， 交出交出 English Lexicology(II)159. The old couple will never _ the loss of their son. A. get over B. get away C. get off D. get across get over: 克服，忘卻，從克服，忘卻，從中恢復(fù)過來中恢復(fù)過來 get away: 離開，離開， 逃脫逃脫 get off: 下車，動(dòng)身，起飛下車，動(dòng)身，起飛 get across: 被理解，

11、（使）通過被理解，（使）通過 English Lexicology(II)16詞匯詞匯構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法English Lexicology(II)171. Affixation 加綴法加綴法 prefixation: supermarket suffixation: development2. Conversion:轉(zhuǎn)換法轉(zhuǎn)換法 She is patient with the patient.3. Compounding: 合成法合成法 earthquake 4. Shortening 截短法截短法 plane: aeroplane exam: examination flu: influenza

12、 English Lexicology(II)18PrefixPrefixEnglish Lexicology(II)19 Negative prefixesprefixes meaningexamplesun-not,the converse ofunwisenon-nonessentialdis-dishonestin-informalim-immatureil-illegalir-irregularEnglish Lexicology(II)20Reversative prefixes prefixes meaningexamples un-reversingthe actionunpa

13、ckde-decodedis-disconnectEnglish Lexicology(II)21Pejorative prefixes prefixes meaningexamplesmis-wronglymishearmal-badmalformed 使畸形使畸形pseudo-falsepseudoscienceEnglish Lexicology(II)22Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopsuper-more thansupermarketout-surpassingoutl

14、ivesur-oversurcharge 附加費(fèi)附加費(fèi)sub-belowsubnormalEnglish Lexicology(II)23Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplessub-belowsubnormalover-excessiveoverconfidentunder-too littleunderestimatehyper-extremehypercritical 吹毛求疵吹毛求疵ultra-extremeultrafashionablemini-littleminiskirtEnglish Lexicology(II)

15、24Prefixes of attitude prefixes meaningexamplesco-withcooperatecounter-againstcounterattackanti-againstanti-clockwisepro-forpro-ChineseEnglish Lexicology(II)25 prefixes meaningexamplessub-undersubwayinter-between, among internationaltrans-across, from one place to anothertransplantfore-frontforename

16、Locative prefixesEnglish Lexicology(II)26Prefixes of time and order prefixes meaningexamplesfore-beforeforeseepre-in advancepreschoolpost-afterpostindustrialex-formerex-presidentre-againresellEnglish Lexicology(II)27Number prefixes prefixesmeaningexamplessemi-, demi-, hemi-halfsemi-feudal, demi-circ

17、le, hemisphereuni-, mono-oneuniform, monologuebi-, di-twobilingual, dioxidetri-threetrianglemulti-poly-manymultipolar, multilingualpolygamyEnglish Lexicology(II)28SuffixSuffixEnglish Lexicology(II)29Noun suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-sterperson engaged in an occupation or activitygamester 賭徒賭徒-ee

18、rmountaineer-er(or)driver-antinhabitant 居民居民-letsmall, unimportantbooklet-ettesmall; imitation; femalecigarette leatherette 人造皮人造皮 usherette 女引座員女引座員 -essfemalehostessEnglish Lexicology(II)30 Noun suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-hoodstatuschildhood-shipconditiondictatorship-domrealmofficialdom-ingst

19、atebathing-fulamounthandful-tionstatecompetition English Lexicology(II)31Adjective Suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-fulfull ofhopeful-lesswithoutmeaningless-lyhaving the quality offriendly-likelikechildlike-ysomewhat likesilkyEnglish Lexicology(II)32Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ishsomew

20、hat likefoolish-somecausingtroublesome-ablecapablechangeable-edhavingmoneyed-altypical ofregionalEnglish Lexicology(II)33Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ary (ory)connected withimaginary-esquelikepicturesque-ousfull ofmalicious-ictypical ofdramatic-ivehaving the quality ofattractiveEnglish

21、Lexicology(II)34Adverb Suffixes suffixesmeaning examples-lyin a mannerattentively-warddirection of movementhomeward-foldtimeshundredfold-wisein the manner ofas far asis concernedclockwiseweatherwise就天氣來說就天氣來說 English Lexicology(II)35詞匯練習(xí)詞匯練習(xí)English Lexicology(II)36nIm in a position to think about my

22、 future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens. A. used to B. unwilling to C. able to D. glad toEnglish Lexicology(II)37nThe Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes. A. furthered B. showed C. replaced D. excluded English Lexicolo

23、gy(II)38 Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands. A. generation B. kindness C. faculty D. readiness English Lexicology(II)39 Green plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis. A. donate B. check C. withhold D. release English Lexicology(II)40 The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors an