小學(xué)英語六年級情態(tài)動詞用法歸納-9頁

1、小學(xué)英語六年級情態(tài)動詞用法歸納 情態(tài)動詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語 一、 can, could 1) 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）。 Can you lift this heavy box?（體力） Mary can speak three languages.（知識） Can you skate?（技能） 此時可用be able t

2、o代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去式；而be able to則有更多的時態(tài)。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. 當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時應(yīng)用be able to，不能用Can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示請求和允許。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could, might代替，不是過去式，只是語

3、氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 3) 表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。 Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How

4、 can this be true? 二、 may, might 1) 表示請求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時可用cant 或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 -Might/ May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用May I.？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May yo

5、u succeed! 3) 表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。 might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 1He may /might be very busy now. 2Your mother may /might not know the truth. 三、 must, have to 1) 表示必須、必要。 You must come in time. 在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes,

6、you must. - No, you dont have to / you neednt. 2) must是說話人的主觀看法， 而have to則強調(diào)客觀需要。Must只有一般現(xiàn)在時， have to 有更多的時態(tài)形式。 1 he play isnt interesting, I really must go now. 2 I had to work when I was your age. 3) 表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句） 1 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 2 Your mother m

7、ust be waiting for you now. 四、 dare, need 1) dare作情態(tài)動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中, 過去式形式為dared。 1 How dare you say Im unfair? 2 He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 3 If we dared not go there that day， we couldnt get the beautiful flowers. 2) need 作情態(tài)動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to,

8、 ought to, should代替。 1You neednt come so early. 2. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 3) dare和 need作實義動詞用時， 有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接帶to的不定式。在疑問句和否定句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。 1. I dare to swim across this river. 2. He doesnt dare (to) answer. 3. He ne

9、eds to finish his homework today. 五、 shall, should 1) shall 用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。 What shall we do this evening? 2) shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 1. You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告) 2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾) 3. He shall be punished.(威脅) 六、 will, would 1) 表示請求、建議等，woul

10、d更委婉。 Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? 2) 表示意志、愿望和決心。 1. I will never do that again. 2. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3) would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習(xí)慣時比used to正式，且沒有“現(xiàn)已無此習(xí)慣”的含義。 1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. 2. The wound would not heal. 4) 表示估計和猜想。

11、It would be about ten oclock when she left home. 七、 should, ought to 1) should, ought to表示“應(yīng)該”，ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比should語氣重。 1. I should help her because she is in trouble. 2. You ought to take care of the baby. 2) 表示勸告、建議和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。 1. You should / ought to go to class rig

12、ht away. 2. Should I open the window? 3) 表示推測 should , ought to (客觀推測), must(主觀推測)。 1.He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家) 2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定) 3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽) 4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)情態(tài)動詞記憶口訣: 情態(tài)動詞兩要點;動詞原形跟后面,說話語氣較委婉,can表"能力"

13、may"許可",must"責(zé)任"或"義務(wù)",否定回答"needn't"換;should"應(yīng)該",would"愿",have to "被迫"表客觀. 注釋:對must構(gòu)成的一般疑問句作否定回答只能用needn't. can的用法 1. 表能力 Can your sister skate / Can you sing / Can you dance 2. 表示可能性 Can you go with us We can go there by b

14、us. 3. 表示同意做某事,意為"允許","可以" You can go now. Can I have a look at your photos 4. 表推測(主要用于否定句,疑問句) It can't be Jay Zhou. He can't be thinking about something. must的用法 1. 表示按命令,規(guī)定,責(zé)任等必須要做的事. You must do all the homework by yourself. You mustn't park your car here. 在回答由mus

15、t引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句時,如果表示肯定,用must;如果表示否定,要用needn't. -Must I come here tomorrow -Yes, you must. (No, you needn't.) 2. 表示肯定的推測,意為"一定會","一定是",多用于肯定句. It must belong to Karla. He must be happy. You must be joking. must和have to 的區(qū)別是:must表示說話人的主觀意愿,而have to 則表示客觀要求,意為"不得不". You

16、 must tell us what you have seen. He had to walk home because the bus had left. need的用法 need除了可用作行為動詞外,還可用作情態(tài)動詞,作為情態(tài)動詞使用時,多用于疑問句和否定句,后面直接跟動詞原形,作為行為動詞時,后面跟帶to的動詞不定式. 他需要現(xiàn)在去看醫(yī)生嗎 Does he need to see a doctor now Need he see a doctor now need作為情態(tài)動詞,意為"需要",無時態(tài)和人稱的變化. They needn't hand in their homework now. Need I stay with you (肯定回答為:Yes, you must. 否定回答用No, you needn't.) may的用法 1. 表示"可以",用以詢問或說明可否做某事. M