外研版必修四module4知識(shí)點(diǎn)VIP

1、重點(diǎn)短語23.escape from （out of）+sp.1. experiment with sth.用某物實(shí)驗(yàn)2. experiment on sth.對(duì)某物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)3. carry out -performconductan experiment 做實(shí)驗(yàn)do make -7.escape from realityhave a narrow escapea fire escape clear upbe known forbe known anbe known to4. make a breakthrough取得重大突破（進(jìn)展）5. convert A into/to

2、 B把 A 轉(zhuǎn)換成 B6. take the place of = replace取代，代替7. in place of取代代替（介詞短語）8. instead of代替，而不是（介詞短語）9. a quantity of +不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)10. quantitiesof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)quantities of+不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)11. bring up撫育漱養(yǎng)，嘔吐提出（話題等）12. bring down back13. search for14. search sb/sp15. in search of16. as a result of17. owi

3、ng to 、 thanks to due to because of18. the key to的關(guān)鍵the answer to the question notes to the textan end to the meeting the entrance to the building19. export sth to20. the second most important21. be interested in 22. graduate from- -.降低 bring about歸還;恢復(fù);回想bring in尋找搜查某人或某地尋求/尋找由于.的結(jié)果 as a result由于問題

4、的答案課文注釋會(huì)議的結(jié)束大廈的入口出口某物到第二重要的對(duì)感興趣從.（地方）畢業(yè)從某地逃脫；逃走 逃避現(xiàn)實(shí) 九死一生緊急出口 ；安全門（天氣）放晴;整理收拾因.而出名/聞名而知名，著稱吊二詈弋學(xué)尢餡"知加“eornones l見叫臺(tái)地謀生Ig =make融vng大（少）量"書圣不get/gan-angW#）gcii¥f, much o,用ml HcM困 生較UlWe/jead a - life導(dǎo)致，引起bring?）賺（錢）;帶進(jìn);傳入因此，結(jié)果29b1-Fcome topowen$t 的有：rruuiy, I掌秘譚瀛si-nre « i 耳n30Make

5、】power"山-”我暇尊in power 既飛福琉。筒兒芍隔觸”虞藪的有：小loargc quaiuiiv oi,plenty lot等0=beyond one s power3V串耶蝸ea/0.3山L叱自既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù). 也用sce裔n跟t就名詞區(qū)甲K+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂'SM=sb/sthiscertain；to-do,4' mlI - 1l 作至'scer肥thafyou勘ucceed. =!?iantities 保持鼓 的一致。33.34.35.當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政It's likely that=sb/sth is likely to do可能.

6、It J likely that he is doing his homework. = ?It seems that=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret. =?at war36. be diagnosed with37. become the voice of38. partly because of單詞精研好像在交戰(zhàn)中被診斷出，患有 成為一的代言人 一部分因?yàn)? .support vt.& n .支撐；扶持；擁護(hù)；維持；贍養(yǎng)；忍受 （教材 P32）The research was supported by the

7、government. 這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的贊助。歸納拓展support one; s family 養(yǎng)家糊口cl car> clear off迅速離開0r4 makeclear清楚表明,講清楚supporting lady/man （戲劇中的）女配角/男配角in support of 支持（2011 高考陜西卷 ）.his parents needed him to help support the family.他父母需要他幫助養(yǎng)活家人。 He was weak with hunger , so I had to support him.他餓得沒有力氣，我得攙著他。We all sp

8、eak in support of a ban on drunken driving.我們者B支持禁止酒后駕駛。2 .quantity n. 量；數(shù)量；大量（教材P33）A yield refers to quantity （eg of food）.產(chǎn)量指的是數(shù)量（例如食物的）。（牛津 P1620）It' s cheaper to buy goods in quantity.大宗購物比較便宜。 It is worthwhile to spend a quantity of money in bringing up children.在教育孩子方面花許多錢是值得的。 A quantity

9、 of money has been spent in bringing up his children.=Quantities of money have been spent in bringing up his children.他在教育孩子方面花了許多錢。 clear away掃除，收拾 clcfir up整理收拾,消除（銀會(huì)等）；秋晴 clear out除掉；整理 clear one* s throat 滑清嗓子3 .escape vi.逃脫，避開，溜走vt.逃避，避免；被忘掉；情不自禁地發(fā)出；被忘記；未被注意n.逃，逃亡，逃跑（教材 P39）The Chinese discover

10、ed that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)從管中逸出的氣體能夠把它推到空中。一言辨異You may avoid all known sources of contagion , yet not easily escape infection.人們可以 避開所有已知的接觸傳染病源，卻難以擺脫非接觸傳染歸納拓展【注意】escape后常接v.- ing形式作賓語。 There is no way to escape doing the task.沒有方法逃避這項(xiàng)工作。（牛津 P676）She mana

11、ged to escape from the burning car.她設(shè)法從燃燒的汽車?yán)锾恿顺鰜?。?011 高考山東卷 ）The root of the problem , as with many addictions , is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress , anxiety andrelationship problems.這個(gè)問題的根源在于渴望擺脫諸如壓力、緊張和人際關(guān)系困難 這樣的情感困難。（朗文 P632）There' s no escaping the fact that

12、 she did actually lie to you.不可否認(rèn)的 是，她的確對(duì)你撒了謊。4 .clear vt.使清澈；使清楚；掃清vi.變清澈；（天）變晴；（煙霧）消散adj.清澈的；晴；清晰的；暢通的（教材 P39）When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.當(dāng)煙霧散去后，萬戶和他的椅子都不見了。* make one * 罵 oscxipc 還監(jiān)* havt?t itLt'f'ow eseape »乙好色生* tL 土,ire cscf-ipe蜷.總出 口； 安金門ICSCI1JXJ

13、I'* escape （dosth.J 京亭* PHCHpE： rrfjmGMit n D + KJJ.l-從某處造死；逃走餐 g From ronl 11 y避5ML實(shí)（2011 高考安徽卷 ）They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.他們應(yīng)該清楚當(dāng)他們吸煙喝酒時(shí)，他們的身體有什么變化。He made it clear that he would resign.他明確表示他要辭職。After supper , my younger brother ofte

14、n helps mother clear away the dishes. 晚飯后，小弟經(jīng)常幫母親收拾碟子。5.graduate n.畢業(yè)生；vi.畢業(yè)graduate from從某所學(xué)校畢業(yè)graduate in 畢業(yè)于(某專業(yè))(2)graduation n .畢業(yè)judge.by/from.從判斷 /判定誤區(qū)警示：judging from.“據(jù)判斷“，是一習(xí)語，不能用 judged from。朗文在線：The judgement was given in favour of the accused.判決被告為無罪。My judgement is that the plan is good

15、.我的意見是該計(jì)劃很好。 He showed excellent judgement in choosing the wine.他在擇酒方面顯示出卓越的判斷力。from the past performances, he is not likely to do very well in his exams.A. Judging B. JudgedC. Considered D. Considering答案與解析：A 假如把from去掉就可選D項(xiàng)。6.convert v.轉(zhuǎn)變；改變信仰；使改惡從善；兌換；占用 n.皈依宗教者，改變信 仰者Britain converted to a decima

16、l currency system in 1971.精講拓展：CD conversion n . 轉(zhuǎn)變，變換convert into 改裝成convert sb. from.to把某人由改變?yōu)?a firm convert to the belief that 堅(jiān)決信仰的人Natural gas can be used to power cars by their engines.A . converting B . ConvictingC . transferring D . transmitting答案與解析：A 通過改變發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。7.judgement n .(1)審判；看法；(2)意見，

17、看法；(3)判斷力，見識(shí)，眼力精講拓展：make a judgement of 對(duì)做出判斷my judgement is that.我的意見是in one's judgement以某人看來a good judge of art善于鑒別藝術(shù)的人pass judgement on sb對(duì)某人作出判決a man of judgement 有見識(shí)的人8.Conclude vt/vi及物動(dòng)詞vt.1 .結(jié)束(+by/wi We 'concluded' o2 .韭神豪航是What can you co3 .(最后)決定(才結(jié)束；推斷4-)1V qj zjr r rnot FVry/

18、mr liIl incith)個(gè)部巒定ur meeting at 9 o'clock. 承正!九點(diǎn)鐘償束不會(huì)議。戊Ini.一，*】向WY+that全部占定nclude from these ' observations?你順這些觀察中能得出仲么結(jié)論)+to-v+that全 i；讓UE*He concluded that he would wait a little longer.他決定再等會(huì) JL。He concluded to quit on pay day. 不及物動(dòng)詞 vi.結(jié)束，終了 (+with)The meeting concluded after two hour

19、s. conclusion n.得出結(jié)論：draw/reach a conclusion arrive at a conclusion總而言之in conclusion to conclude 辨析：include/conclude/excludeexclude 及物動(dòng)詞 vt.拒絕接納；把.排除在外；不包括(+from)The club excluded women from membership. 該俱樂部拒絕婦女入會(huì)。9.analyse/analyze vt.分析This book teaches you how to analyse what is causing the stress

20、 in your life.n. analysis 分析;分解;解析CU ? n?l ?siseg. In the last analysis, the responsibility for this failure must lie with the chief engineer. 追根究底，失敗的責(zé)任在于總工程師。I was very much pleased by your analysis of the situation. 我非常滿意你對(duì)形勢的分 析。復(fù)數(shù)形式：analyses : ?'n?l ?siz10.infect及物動(dòng)詞 vt. (+with)1) .【醫(yī)】傳染；侵染

21、;感染The flu virus infected almost the entire class.The entire class were almost infected with the flu virus.全班幾乎人人都染上了流行性感冒病毒。2) .使受影響；感染The captain's courage infected his men.船長的勇氣感染了他的船員。3) .污染The air is infected with noisome gases. 空氣受至 U了 有害氣體的污染。4) .腐蝕;使腐化n. Infection1) .傳染;侵染UAre you sure t

22、here is no danger of infection now?你敢不敢肯定現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有傳染的危險(xiǎn)了？2) .傳染病CEar infections are common in pre-school children3) .影響;感染UHe suffered from a lung infection. 他肺部受到了 感染。Adj. Infectious1) .傳染的；傳染性的an infectious disease傳染病2) .有感染力的，易傳播的an infectious grin有感染力的笑Their enthusiasm was infectious.他們的熱情有感染力。11 .

23、 expert 英音：'eksp?:t 美音：'?ksp?t名詞n. C專家;能手；熟練者(+at/in/on)She is an expert in training animals. 她是馴獸專家。 =specialist 形容詞a.熟練的 老練的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的(+at/in/on)He became an expert language teacher.She is expert at making cheap, but stylish clothesexpertly adv.熟練地；講演豐富地He operated the machine expertly.inexpert

24、 無經(jīng)驗(yàn)的expertness n.熟練12 .attend vt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加1)照顧；護(hù)理；Mr. Smith attended her in the hospital.There was no one to attend him but Tina.2)出席；參加The meeting will be attended by finance ministers from many countries.They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania.The teacher was disappoint

25、ed to find that not many students had his lecture.A. joined B.attended C.joined in D.took part inattend是正式用語，及物動(dòng)詞，指參加會(huì)議，婚禮，葬禮，典禮；去上課，上學(xué)，聽報(bào)告等。句子的主語只是去聽，去看，自己不一定起積極作用。join有兩個(gè)用法：指加入某個(gè)黨派，團(tuán)體組織等，成為其成員之一，意為：“參軍、入團(tuán)、入黨”等。如： When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么時(shí)候參軍的？(2)和某人一道做某事，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：join sb. in (doing)

26、sth.,根據(jù)上下文，in (doing) sth.也可以省去。如： Will you join us in the discussion? 你參加我們的討論嗎？join in多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)如“球賽、游戲”等，常用于日?？谡Z。take part in指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)等，著重說明句子主語參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮作用。如：We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against sl

27、avery.Participate in =take part in正式用詞，特指參加團(tuán)體活動(dòng)，暗示以一個(gè)積極的角色參加。go in for從事，參加；愛好enter for 報(bào)名參力口 Our team has entered for the competition.attend vi. attend to照顧；接待；料理；處理If you attend to something, you deal with it. If you attend to someone who is hurt or injured, you care for them.Eg.The staff will hel

28、pfully attend to your needs.The main thing is to attend to the injured.Are you being attended to?(商店用語)注：注意，傾聽；致力 She didn't attend to what I was saying. 她并不注意聽我所說的 話短語精釋1.bring in 請(qǐng)來，帶進(jìn)；引進(jìn)；賺錢；收割莊稼；逮捕(教材 P33)Researchers were brought in from all over China.從中國各地請(qǐng)來研究人員。bring about引起；產(chǎn)生；帶來；導(dǎo)致bring

29、back帶回；拿回；使回憶起；使恢復(fù)bring forth 使產(chǎn)生bring forward 提出；提議；把提前bring on引起；導(dǎo)致；使發(fā)展（或前進(jìn)）；提出供討論 Could I just bring in some members of the audience to get their views?我可以邀請(qǐng)一些觀眾來聽取他們的意見嗎？They have brought in some advanced equipment.他們弓I進(jìn)了一些先進(jìn)設(shè)備。Farmers in the south have also brought in good crops.南方的農(nóng)民也獲得好收成。2 .

30、come to power 掌權(quán)；執(zhí)政（教材 P37）Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.阿爾伯特愛因斯坦在希特勒掌權(quán)時(shí)離開了德國去美國工作。in power 當(dāng)權(quán)have/hold power over sth. 對(duì)有控制權(quán)beyond one' s power 不能勝任， 力所不能及out of/outside sb.' s power to do sth.做某事超出某人的能力o power 使執(zhí)政；上臺(tái)fall into one &

31、#39; s power落入某人的控制中within one' s power 有能力；力所能及 Do you know when the first Chinese empress came to power?你知道中國第一位女皇帝是什么時(shí)候上臺(tái)執(zhí)政的嗎？ She has a lot of power over the people in her team.她對(duì)隊(duì)里的人有很大的影響力。 It' s beyond/not within my power to help you. 我是愛莫能助。 The government in power is devoted to the

32、improvement of education.這一屆政府致力于提高教育。Who do you think will take office next month and become presidentof the USA, George W. Bush or John Kerry?A . a; theB . /; theC. the; /D . /; a答案與解析：B take office "執(zhí)政"，為習(xí)語，the president of the USA 表示職務(wù)， 作表語。注意作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，這類概念中的名詞前用冠詞。3 .rice growing adj.種植水稻的

33、這是由名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞精講拓展：復(fù)合形容詞是指由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞構(gòu)成的形容詞。復(fù)合形容詞還有以下幾種構(gòu)成方式：名詞+形容詞。例如：duty-free免稅的，home-sick想家的，heartsick垂頭喪氣的名詞+過去分詞。例如：weather beaten飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的，sugar coated涂有糖衣的，heart felt由衷的形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。例如：good looking 好看的， easy going 隨和的形容詞+名詞。例如：largescale 大規(guī)模的，high class 高級(jí)的形容詞+名詞+ edo例如：absent minded 心不在焉的, whole

34、hearted 全心全意的, good tempered 好脾氣 的形容詞+形容詞。例如：icy cold冰冷的，redhot熾熱的副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。例如：farseeing目光遠(yuǎn)大的， hard working 努力工作的， farreaching 深遠(yuǎn)的副詞+過去分詞。例如：well informed消息靈通的，wide spread遍布的，大面積的，well known著名的由短語構(gòu)成的形容詞。例如：hard to please難以取悅的，lifeanddeath 生死存亡的， happygolucky 無 憂無慮的，outandout徹頭徹尾的，faceto face面對(duì)面的注意：要注意

35、非謂語動(dòng)詞與所修飾名詞的邏輯關(guān)系。4 .throw into投入；（使）陷入The explosion threw the people into confusion.精講拓展：throw light on/upon sth.闡明某事；使某事顯得清楚throw sth./oneself at sb./sth.沖向某人 /某物，向扔throw over放棄throw about拋撒，散（財(cái)），浪費(fèi)（金錢）throw away拋棄，把（機(jī)會(huì)等）丟掉throw back把丟回；拖延throw off匆匆脫掉衣服；扔掉，擺脫掉throw up舉起，拋起；嘔吐5 .well done干得好，真棒（用于贊

36、揚(yáng)某人做事做得好）精講拓展：well played 干得好（=well done）welldone adj.（尤指肉等食物）熟透的，煮透的go well成功（與計(jì)劃或期望的一樣）done好，行，成交（用于表示同意并接受某交易的條件）be done上當(dāng)，受騙誤區(qū)警示：well done強(qiáng)調(diào)贊揚(yáng)某人做得好，而done是強(qiáng)調(diào)成交。朗文在線： You paid £ 50 for that! You were done, mate!你買那東西竟然花了50英鎊！你上當(dāng)了，老兄！ I was really pleased that the concert had gone so well.音樂會(huì)辦

37、得如此成功，我真高興。命題方向：well done常與congratulations, all right等放于一起以辨析題的形式在交 際用語中考查。 The answer is that Stephen Hawking discovered the radiation.A. Well done! B. Congratulations©. Celebrations! D. All right!答案與解析：A交際語境考查，對(duì)別人工作/答語的贊揚(yáng)，“你真棒！”6. Put forwardcome up with/bring up/put up/bring forward1）提出He pu

38、t forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.2）他在會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)很好的建議。2）把.向前撥You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes. 你應(yīng)該把表朝前撥快十分鐘。聯(lián)想： put away/put aside/put off/put down/put on/put out/put up 等The theory was laughed at when it was first（2010 南京質(zhì)檢）Put forwardPut asidePut offPut downWe' re try

39、ing to put aside a few hundred dollars monthly for emergency.Put the books _away after using them.The meeting has been put _off till next week.We can putup at a hotel tonight.I don ' t know how you put _upwith their constant quarreling.She always put _down her boyfriend, but he didn ' t seem

40、 to mind.（奚落）句型精析1 .（教材 P39）Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world ' s first astronaut ? 還是他被帶到了數(shù)英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航員？【點(diǎn)津】 becoming the world ' s first astronaut是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，在此處作結(jié)果狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，只能放在主句后面。Her parents died, leaving her a lot of debts.她的父母去世了，給她留下很多債務(wù)。 It rained heavi

41、ly, causing severe flooding in that country. 大雨滂?它， 造成了刃B個(gè)國家洪水泛濫?！咀⒁狻楷F(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別（1）現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語通常表示一個(gè)自然而然的、意料之中的結(jié)果。例如：（2）Many trees had been blown down by the high winds , blocking roads.許多樹被狂風(fēng)舌U 倒，堵住了道路。（3）不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示一個(gè)出乎意料的結(jié)果。其前常加only以強(qiáng)調(diào)這一意外結(jié)果。例如：（4）I rushed to the school , only to find it was

42、Sunday. 我跑到學(xué)校，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)那天是星期天。2 .（教材 P39）The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.這些管子被捆在一根長棍子上，這根棍子有助于讓火箭保持筆直的方向前進(jìn)?！军c(diǎn)津】 keep sb./sth. doing sth.表示“使一直做某事"。keep后面可以跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語。作賓語補(bǔ)足語的可以是介詞短語、v.-ing形式、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞等。 該句式中keep為使役動(dòng)詞，該句式意為“使繼

43、 續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)" 。（1）keep +賓語（名詞或代詞）+形容詞。（2）keep +賓語（名詞或代詞）+副詞。（3）keep+賓語（名詞或代詞）+名詞。（4）keep+賓語（名詞或代詞）+現(xiàn)在分詞，其中賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。（5）keep +賓語（名詞或代詞）+過去分詞，其中賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。（6）keep十賓語（名詞或代詞）+介詞短語。The news that my father was admitted to a hospital kept me sad.我父親住院的消息使 我很傷心。He kept all the lights on

44、when he went out.他出去時(shí)把所有的燈都開著。Please keep me a place in the queue請(qǐng)?jiān)陉?duì)里給我留個(gè)位置。I' m sorry to keep you waiting.對(duì)不起，讓您久等了。He will never keep a job half done.他從來都不會(huì)讓工作半途而廢。 典型句式1 .the key to （doing） sth.（做）某事的關(guān)鍵；的鑰匙He thought that the key to feeding people（養(yǎng)活世人的關(guān)鍵 ）was to have more rice and to produce

45、 it more quickly.2 .a way to do sth./of doing sth.做的方法 /方式by doing sth.通過做某事He thought there was onlyone way to do this（做這件事的種方法 ）by crossing different species of rice plant（ 通過使不同種類的水稻雜交 ）,and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.3 .v.

46、- ing 形式作方式狀語Moving in a wheelchair and speaking through a specialcomputer（靠輪椅來移動(dòng)并且通過特殊的電腦說話）,he has become the voice ofscience.4 .keep sb./sth. doing sth.使一直做某事 The tubes were attached to a long stickwhich helped_ keep the rocket moving in a straight direction（ 使火箭直直地前進(jìn) ）.5.1 t is possible that. 可能

47、.it is possible tha（是可能的）they introduced them to Europe.單元語法動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1 .被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，具體見下表：belong to（屬于）等。The book cost him 20 dollars.這本書花了他 20 美元。（3）動(dòng)詞look, smell, sound, feel, taste用作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但有被動(dòng)含義。.Cotton feels- soft.惘花悝強(qiáng)邛軟綿名帛省管/ l -1- beiTIR-1-h.ficl Been.-1-一些動(dòng)詞;像 write, sell, was;h,- -open,- w

48、ebrj lock 嘴,如表示主語的性能呻，不用彳動(dòng)正 柑朱The態(tài)。. 1 q. | 1 jI IK -pen writes wen.這鋼筆,書寫卜利。 =+ hfiv<- ht en will J lit JjciMI嚙胞 可置Th|別被他汨態(tài)f口系表結(jié)構(gòu)：被; e form were filled- by those v卜語態(tài)表動(dòng)作，系表結(jié)構(gòu): vho attended the meeting益犬1v<r.（'被動(dòng)明態(tài)）3分i同 English is taught in most schools in China.（ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ）中國大多數(shù)學(xué)校都教英語。They w

49、ere given a warm send off.（一般過去時(shí)）他們受到熱烈的歡送。I'm afraid I am being followed.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）恐怕我被人跟蹤了。The case has recently been tried.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）案子最近已經(jīng)審過了。Their wedding will be held in the church.（ 一般將來時(shí)）他們的婚禮將在教堂里舉行。All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.（ 過去完成時(shí)）也們至1達(dá)時(shí)，所的制填性經(jīng)售完。進(jìn)行酎怎完成時(shí)62.與為語靈發(fā)動(dòng)語專

50、相關(guān)的九類問題 F中巾如k示被動(dòng)啥啾為助步 “這往k是英語學(xué)習(xí)中值彳am 1I常用詼品悉鵬今時(shí)雖有黑女劈嬉（1）連系動(dòng)詞、/、及物動(dòng)詞或/、及物動(dòng)詞短語/、能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。The story happened last year.故事發(fā)生在去年。（2）有些及物動(dòng)詞也沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如 have（有），equal（等于），fit（適合），hold（容納）, join（參加），mean（意味著），last（持續(xù)），cost（花費(fèi)），wish（希望），look like（看起來像）,表格由參加會(huì)議的人填寫。The bottle was filled with water.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）瓶里裝滿水。（6）含

51、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞。This work can be easily done.這項(xiàng)工作容易做。（7）動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)短語動(dòng)詞如果是及物的，可以用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，構(gòu)成短語的介詞或副詞不能省略。如look after, talk about, set up, put off, do away with, put up with 等?！皠?dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，如 make use of, pay attention to, take care of 等變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般把整個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語當(dāng)作一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞來處理。These books are taken go

52、od care of.這些書被很好地照料。（8）帶雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句只把其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z即可。主動(dòng)句： He gave me the present.他給了我這份禮物。被動(dòng)句：I was given the present by him.=The present was given （to） me by him.（9）含復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句把賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語，不定式都必須帶to。主動(dòng)句： The farmer made his horse work for 3 hours.農(nóng)夫讓他的馬干了三個(gè)鐘頭的活。被動(dòng)句： The farmer's hors

53、e was made to work for 3 hours.單項(xiàng)選擇1 .Researchers were from all over China to develop the new system.A. brought up B. brought inC. put upD. put in【解析】選Bo考查短語辨析。句意：全中國的許多研究者被召集來研究這一新項(xiàng)目。bring up培養(yǎng),撫養(yǎng)；bring in召來,請(qǐng)來；put up舉起；put in把某物放在里。由句意可知B正確。2.As result of Yuan Longping ' s discoveries Chinese

54、rice production rose by 47.5 percent in 1990 ' s.A. the; theB. a; /C. a; theD. /; the【解析】選Co考查冠詞。as a result of由于，是固定短語。第二個(gè)空填the,是因?yàn)楸硎尽霸?20 世紀(jì) 90 年代”時(shí)，要用 in / during the 1990' s / 1990s。3 .Following this, Yuan Longping ' s rice was to other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines

55、.A. imported B. ImportingC. exportedD. exporting【解析】選Co考查動(dòng)詞辨析與語態(tài)。import進(jìn)口 ； export出口。句意：在此之后， 袁隆平的水稻被出口到其他的國家，如巴基斯坦和菲律賓。由句意可知此處要用export的被動(dòng)形式，所以選Co4 .You can get a good job.A. with studying hardlyB. with studying hardC. by studying hardlyD. by studying hard【解析】選D。此處by表示“通過方式”，后面經(jīng)常跟v.-ing形式。另外，還 要區(qū)分hardly與hard,前者表示“幾乎不”，后者表示“困難的/地，努力地”。注意 后者既是形容詞也是副詞。5 .Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire exploding in it.A. in terms of B. in favor ofC. instead ofD. in memory of【解析】選Co考查介詞短語。in terms of依據(jù)，就 而言；in favor of贊成；instead of代替；in memory of為了紀(jì)念 。句意：可能一些管子從火中蹦出來了，而沒有在火中爆炸。根據(jù)句意可知選 Co6-9為被