新概念英語語法-虛擬語氣

1、虛 擬 語 氣虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：1、虛擬條件句。2、名詞性虛擬語氣。3、虛擬語氣的其他用語。一、虛擬條件句：條件狀語從句是非真實情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。1、條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實不一致，其句型為：If 主語過去時，主語should（could, would, 或might）動詞原形，如：If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、條件從句與過去事實不一致，句型為：If 主語had過去分詞，主語should（could, would, 或might）have過去分詞，如：If th

2、e doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.3、條件從句與將來事實不一致，句型為：do，主語should（could） 原形 do 過去時（與現(xiàn)在事實條件句一樣）。If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own ey

3、es.If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.注意問題：1、If條件句中絕對不可出現(xiàn)“would”。2、根據(jù)句中的時間狀語，有時可能出現(xiàn)“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現(xiàn)在的情況，條件句也許是發(fā)生在過去的情況，但都是遵守上述句型。3、在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were, had, should可省去if，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see i

4、t with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、名詞性虛擬語氣：在表示命令、建議要求、驚嘆時的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：主語（should）動詞原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 oclock.（賓語從句）We suggested that the meeting should not be held.It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主語從句）The su

5、ggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位語從句）That is their demand that their wages be increased.（表語從句）注意：在這種句子中絕不出現(xiàn)“would”“must”“could”等。三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：1、wish后的賓語從句：與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致 主語過去時；I wish I were you.與過去愿望不一致 主語had過去分詞；I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.與未來愿望不一致 主

6、語would（could）原形。I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.2、Its time句型：當Its time后用that從句時應該為：主語should原形 或 主語過去時，例如：Its time that you went to school. 或Its time that you should go to school.3、If only引起的感嘆句相當于“How I wish賓語從句”If only he could come! 他要能來就好了。If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。4

7、、would rather, as if（though）引導的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時，如：Id rather you posted the letter right away.Id rather you had returned the book yesterday.She loves the children as if they were hers.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條

8、件。Without you, I would never know him. But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so well. = If it were not for your cooperation, we we wouldnt have done the work so well.注： without / but for = If it werent not for/ If it hadnt been for ., sb .But that she was afraid, she would have sai

9、d no.I would be most glad to help you, but I am busy now.I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!【專項訓練】1、It is important that a college student a foreign language.Awill masterBmasterCmastersDwould master2、It is strange that she without saying a word.Ashould have gone outBwentCshould go out

10、Dgoes out3、If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.Ahad been, would have prevented Bhad been, would preventCwere, would prevent Dwere, would have prevent4、“He is a brave man.”“Yes, I wish I his courage.”AhaveBhadCwill haveDmay have5、If it rain, the crops would be saved.AshouldBwillCis goin

11、g toDwas to6、He ordered that the medicine by a special plane.Awas sent Bwould be sentCshould sendDbe sent7、If you the medicine, you better now.Atook, would feelBhad taken, feltChad taken, would feelDtook, would have felt8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if my mother.AisBwasCwereDhad been9、I went to be