非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞例題講解及練習(xí)

1、. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞例題講解及練習(xí) 一.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的兩變非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也叫非限定動(dòng)詞，也就是說沒有受到人稱與數(shù)的限定。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三變即，時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)與主謂一致三個(gè)方面的變化，而非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒有一致的要求，因此，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種變化。大家都知道，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種最根本的形式即，過去分詞，如今分詞和不定式，在初中階段這三種形式分別以done, doing和todo， 來代表，其實(shí)這三種形式不能完全反映非謂語(yǔ)的兩變,只能表達(dá)過去，如今，將來不定式意思是不確定的意思，將來的事是不確定的，所以代表將來，及過去分詞可表被動(dòng)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)全面變化如下表：二解題思路：非限定動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

2、兩種變化，非限定動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)取決于非限定動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。非限定動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)；非限定動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為其修飾的那個(gè)詞；非限定動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)為賓語(yǔ)。非限定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，主要看其與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)間的比較，看它發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，之后，還是同時(shí)發(fā)生。非限定動(dòng)詞在句子中的語(yǔ)法功能及邏輯主語(yǔ) 如下表：三.例題解析1. The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作定

3、語(yǔ)修飾The island，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為The island，join與 the island 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，只有C為被動(dòng)式。2. It's important for the figures _ regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為the figures，與更新 update是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，A與B選項(xiàng)都有被動(dòng)式，此題還得考慮時(shí)態(tài)，句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)regularly，不是指詳細(xì)哪一次更新，所以不

4、用完成式，選A。3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為you，與keep on your feet是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，但四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是主動(dòng)式，關(guān)鍵是兩變中的時(shí)態(tài)，讓你更累與站著應(yīng)該是伴隨著的動(dòng)作，且不管什么時(shí)候都一樣，固選B。4. Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two di

5、fferent supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾survey，這里有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作過程，一是進(jìn)展調(diào)，二是比較價(jià)格，調(diào)查這一動(dòng)作是被人執(zhí)行的，但這個(gè)調(diào)去比較加上得主動(dòng)的。C為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，A與C有被動(dòng)式，固選B。5. I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA. caught B.

6、to have caught C. to catch D. having caught解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是I，我趕上火車是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此不能選A，此題關(guān)鍵是兩變中的時(shí)態(tài)變化，我必須先趕上這趟火車，才能早到辦公，趕火車發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)到達(dá)辦公室前，所以要用完成體，選D。6. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是themselves，作家們迷惑是因?yàn)閱卧~，

7、所以是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，只有B為被動(dòng)式。7. If they win the final tonight, the teams are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是the teams，隊(duì)伍是由熱情的支持者歡呼，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是被動(dòng)，D為謂語(yǔ)被動(dòng)式，不能選。從語(yǔ)境看，比賽還沒有進(jìn)展，應(yīng)該是將來的事，所以要用不定式表

8、將來，選C。8. _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為Andy，Andy應(yīng)該是演員，提導(dǎo)演提供角色給Andy，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，只有C選項(xiàng)是被動(dòng)式，固選C。9. Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B. carryi

9、ng C. to be carried D. being carried解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)被語(yǔ)，我們只要把原句變?yōu)橹鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，就可以知道其邏輯主語(yǔ)為Passenger，是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，C與D不能選。從非謂語(yǔ)兩變中的時(shí)態(tài)來講，允許某人做某事，應(yīng)該是先得到允許再去做，固先A。10. The ability _an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾ability這里的才能是指任何的才能，或指y

10、our ability,因此其邏輯主語(yǔ)為你或任何人，與表達(dá)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且ability為一種潛能，而不是指過去或如今在做的才能，固選C。11. We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾The decision，很明顯決定是被做出，而且會(huì)還沒開，決定也還沒有做，所

11、以選A。12. This machine is very easy_ . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate解析：此題可能先把句子轉(zhuǎn)換成，It is very easy for us _ .可知選D。13. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. finding B. to find C. bei

12、ng found D. to have found解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為Tom，而且先打的，再發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機(jī)已起飛，固選B。14. George returned after the war, only_ that his wife had left him.A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為George，George是被告知，固選A。15. Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time, th

13、e boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized解析：此題非謂語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是he，是他自己先意識(shí)到，固選A。四.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考考你用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Volunteering gives you a chance _changelives, including your own.2. _findthe course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower

14、 level.3. When we saw the road _blockwith snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.4. _knowbasic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.5. The sun began to rise in the sky, _bathethe mountain in golden light.6. You cannot accept an opinion _offerto you unless it is ba

15、sed on facts.7. Every day _reada proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.8. _staywarm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.9. Lionel Messy, _setthe record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented

16、 football player in Europe.10. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _reduceto ruins, the city took on a new look.11. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _waitfor her.12. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _stand in one corner.13

17、. I stopped the car _takea short break as I was feeling tired.14. _eatat the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.15. Let those in need _understandthat we will go all out to help them.16. The witnesses _questionby the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.17.

18、_not knowwhich university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.老師范讀的是閱讀教學(xué)中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范讀，讓幼兒學(xué)習(xí)、模擬。如領(lǐng)讀，我讀一句，讓幼兒讀一句，邊讀邊記；第二通讀，我大聲讀，我大聲讀，幼兒小聲讀，邊學(xué)邊仿；第三賞讀，我借用錄好配朗讀磁帶，一邊放錄音，一邊幼兒反復(fù)傾聽，在反復(fù)傾聽中體驗(yàn)、品味。18. The airport _completenext year will help promote tourism in this area.19. In some languages, 100

19、 words make up half of all words _usein daily conversations.20. I got to the office earlier that day, _catchthe 7:30 train from Paddington21. They might just have a place _leaveon the writing coursewhy don't you give it a try?22.The sunlight is white and blinding, _throwhard-edged shadows on the

20、 ground.23. _hearhow others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.24. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _tellme stories till I fell asleep.25. The engine just won't start. Something seems _gowrong with it.26. _foundin the early 20th century, the school

21、keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.27.Employees are not allowed _ make personal phone calls in the office.28.The shop assistant priced the goods before _ put them on the shelf.29.I shall appreciate your effort in _ correct this error in my bank account as soon as possible.30.Measures should be taken to avoid the negative effect _ bring about by unfair competition.31.The new university graduate is confident of_ win the post as the assistant to the managing director.32.With such a short time _