任務(wù)型閱讀基本技能專項講解答案與訓(xùn)練-

1、任務(wù)型閱讀基本技能專項講解與訓(xùn)練(1【導(dǎo)語】本欄目主要針對大家在做任務(wù)型閱讀題中所遇到的難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行單項訓(xùn)練,為了讓大家全面掌握任務(wù)型閱讀題所涉及到的技巧,本專題將結(jié)合每單元重點(diǎn)單詞分別就詞性與單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換、句子結(jié)構(gòu)與短語轉(zhuǎn)換、同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換、詞語釋義、歸納概括等各種技巧進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。本期著重訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換訓(xùn)練,即練習(xí)將一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種詞類,主要包括動詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與副詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換。解題方法很簡單,只要在文中找到關(guān)鍵詞即可。例如:1.原文:be responsible for your own learning.(2008江蘇高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:Take(76_ for ones

2、 own learning.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞responsible,將它轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。答案為responsibility。2.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.(2009江蘇高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:Messages from others help you(73 who you are.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞determining,將此動名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞原形,因有詞組let sb. do。答案為: determine/de

3、fine/know/understand3. communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.(2009江蘇高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:Needs and(74 of others should be considered.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞expect,將它轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。答案為:expectations/hopes/desires/wishes

4、。4. With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.(2009安徽高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:There is a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be (77_.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞confused,由于題目中的主語是too much of it,因此答案為confusing。5. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a

5、 book and on-line. (2009安徽高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:The information is updated in a (78_ manner.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞regularly,轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞。答案為:regular6. You can also learn how to apply for jobs.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:Its vast resources include ways of job (79_. (2009安徽高考題分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞apply, 轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞。答案為:application。7. It's worth taking the time and fin

6、ding as much information as you can. (2009安徽高考題轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:The time you spend and the efforts you make will be (85_.分析:抓住關(guān)鍵詞worth,轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞。答案為:worthwhile?！揪氁痪殹肯旅婷款}分為兩句,請根據(jù)上句意思將下句補(bǔ)充完整,每空僅填一詞。1. In time of war, one should fight in defence of his country.Whenever war breaks out, everyone should fight to _ his

7、 country.2. I had a good time last night because there was an abundance of good food at the party.The _ food at the party last night made me very glad.3. The first thing he looked at was his office's location.The first thing he looked at was where his office was _.4. It is hoped that we can sett

8、le on a solution to the troubles at a time, but its impossible.People hope there is a lasting _ of the troubles, but its impossible.5. He used to be a great sports enthusiast, but now he would rather stay at home.He doesnt seem very _ about sports, but he used to be.6. Today's schedule of events

9、 is flexible so that people can decide for themselves what they want to do.People can decide for themselves what they want to do, thanks to the _ of today's schedule of events.7. Their unexpected arrival threw our plan into confusion.Their arrival was well beyond _ so that our plan was thrown in

10、to confusion.8. There is milk and cream, and which do you prefer?There is milk and cream, and do you have a _?9. They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport security.They feel pressured to make sure their airport are _.10. He would not make any gesture that would show weakne

11、ss.He would not make any gesture that would show he is _.11. His devotion of his time and wealth to science will be remembered by all of us.We will never forget that he has _ all of his time and wealth to science.12. Her endless patience made her the best nurse in the hospital.She was so _, which ma

12、de her the best nurse in the hospital.13. He's deeply religious and goes to church twice a week.He believes in _ deeply and goes to church twice a week.14. His collection of paintings is most impressive.His collection of paintings leaves a deep _ on each one present.1. defend2.abundant3. located

13、4. settlement5. enthusiastic6. flexibility7.expectation8. preference9. secure/safe 10. weak 11. devoted 12. patient 13. religion 14. impression(2【導(dǎo)語】本期著重訓(xùn)練句子結(jié)構(gòu)與短語轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類題首先要理解題意,其次仔細(xì)比較原句和題目,明白出題人的意圖,只要找出題眼就不難得出答案。以2009年江蘇高考題為例: 1.原文:But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communic

14、ation.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:we are always(71 in communication with others.分析:首先要將原文句意理解透徹,題意為:每一天我們在溝通中都是以自我為中心的。其次分析出題人的意圖,找出題眼,本題是如何將題眼the centrality of our selves轉(zhuǎn)換為一個表語,就本題應(yīng)為一個形容詞。答案為:self-centered/subjective。2.原文:we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:We are consta

15、ntly(78 meanings by what we do.分析:本題題意不難理解,即:我們應(yīng)常向他人提供有交際價值的行為。出題人的意圖是: have communicative value= _?_ meanings. 答案為:conveying/expressing3. 原文:Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中:Yon may redo the conversation,but you(80 achieve the same results.分

16、析:很容易看出本題的意圖:made far different results= _?_ achieve the same results. 答案為:cant/cannot【練一練】下面每題分為兩句,請根據(jù)上句意思將下句補(bǔ)充完整,每空僅填一詞。1. I am very sorry to have hurt you with such cruel words, but I didnt meant it.I apologize for my cruel words, but I did it_.2. Look, a new theatre is being constructed there. S

17、oon, we can enjoy good movies anytime. Look, a new theatre is under _ there. Soon, we can enjoy good movies anytime3. Some students often explain their arriving late with the excuse that they know nothing of the rules.To say you were _ of the rules is no excuse.4. The storm is so terrible that the s

18、hip, I am afraid, is totally under the control of it.I am afraid the ship was at the _ of the terrible storm.5. The town has changed so much that I even cant make sure where my house is after so many years abroad.The town has changed out of all _ since I was last here.6. Dont lie in the strong sunli

19、ght for long time, which will do much harm to your skin._ of the body to strong sunlight for long time can be harmful to your skin.7. Everyone should hand in his homework by May 30th, or he will be punished.The _ for the homework is May 30th.8. You cant learn English well immediately. Instead, make

20、progress step by step and you will achieve your goal one day.One can English well by making _ progress.9. In th is country, theres a high rate of unemployment. As a result, workers go on s trike; stealing and fighting become very common. It seems that a war cant be avoided.The high rate of unemploym

21、ent in this country has caused social _.10. The noise annoyed me every day. So I had to move to the suburb and now I have never suffered that pain.My settlement in the suburb _ me of the noise.11. Some people think highly of vitamins and say that vitamins are almost equal to a healthy diet. In fact,

22、 they are wrong.Vitamins should not be used as a _ for a healthy diet.12. At sixteen, I had to accept the fact that I d never be a dancer.At sixteen, I _ myself to the fact that I'd never be a dancer.13. Tom deserves our trust. You see, he never broke his promise.Tom is _ because he always keep

23、his promise.14. He opened the book without any conscious choice and read it out loudly to us.He opened the book at _ and read it out loudly to us.15. These factors have a big effect on their reaching a decision about the trade.These _ factors will decide their decision about the trade.Key: 1. uninte

24、ntionally 2. construction 3. ignorant 4. mercy 5. recognition 6. Exposure 7. deadline 8. gradual 9. unrest 10. rid 11. substitute 12. resigned 13. trustworthy 14. random 15. influential(3本期著重訓(xùn)練反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換訓(xùn)練,即練習(xí)將一詞的反義詞找出來。做此類題的技巧如下: 1.以前綴和后綴來表示,例如happy-unhappy,like - dislike,等。例題如下:原句:She thought her husba

25、nd was faithful to her. But the discovery shocked her.轉(zhuǎn)換為: The discovery that her husband was to her was a shocking to her.分析:由原句中的后半句知Her husband was not faithful to her。因此需要找出一個詞和not faithful意義相同的詞。答案:unfaithful。2.有很多詞并沒有前綴和后綴形式標(biāo)志,如old - young, long - short,different- same等。例題如下:原句:He seldom visit

26、ed his friend Tom after the quarrel last time.轉(zhuǎn)換為:But for the quarrel last time, he would be a visitor to his friend, Tom.分析:仔細(xì)分析原句,知本題關(guān)鍵是找出seldom的反義詞,而且能修飾visitor。答案:frequent。3.以詞組形式出現(xiàn),如:be good at - be weak in,get into - get out of,turn on - turn off, turn down - turn up, be awake - be asleep,catc

27、h up with - fall behind, both. and. - neither. nor 等。例題如下:原句:Everything in the house was neat and tidy. But the naughty boy changed it thoroughly.轉(zhuǎn)換為:The naughty boy left everything in the house in a .分析:本題關(guān)鍵是找出一個和in搭配的固定短語作為neat and tidy的反義短語。答案:mess?！揪氁痪殹肯旅婷款}分為兩句,請根據(jù)上句意思將下句補(bǔ)充完整,每空僅填一詞。1. My shoes

28、are very tight and I cant walk comfortably.If my shoes are a bit , I can walk comfortably.2. A book full of ambiguity often leaves readers at a loss.Most of readers like writers to be in writing their books.3. It happened long years ago and I cant remember it clearly.I only have a idea of what happe

29、ned long years ago.4. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides.air in some regions will without doubt bring poisonous insecticides to the crops.5. He dare not speak out his decision in public. So we have to get his idea in the other way.He may be willing to tell us his decision .6. I didn't ignore her intentionally - I just didn't recognize her.I had to admit I ignored her - I just didn't recognize her7. Everything in the house was neat and tidy. But