外研版高中英語高一至高三重點短語、詞匯-副本 (2)

1、高一英語重點短語，詞匯quality ( C ) 質(zhì)量 quantity ( C ) 數(shù)量fun ( U ) have fun 玩的高興 funny adj 滑稽的argue + with sb ( about/ over sth) for/against sth 為/反對.而爭辯fill in 填寫，添滿，消磨時間reason ( C ) 原因，理由the reason why + 句子 + is/was that + 表語從句interest n ( C/U ) Vt take/ feel an interest in sth = be interested inimagine Vt 想象

2、，認為imagine + n + doing sth + sbs doing sth I cant imagine their stealing. + that + 從句Survive Vt Vi + from He was very lucky to survive the war.Many patients have survived from the disaster.alone adv/adj （客觀上）獨自地 live alonelonely adj （主觀上）孤獨的 feel lonelyon a flight 在飛行中on a trip/journey 在旅行中on the go

3、 忙個不停crash V 撞碎，撞壞，墜毀，倒塌，崩潰desert n 沙漠，荒原 V 離棄，放棄，遺棄 逃離deserted adj 荒蕪的，無人的learn to do sth 學會做 learn doing/n 學做 all alone = all by oneselfall along = always 一直，始終fire n ( U )make fire 生火catch fire 著火put out the fire 滅火( be) on fire 著火/失火set sth on fire 放火燒sthchallenge n (C) 挑戰(zhàn) Vt 向挑戰(zhàn)，對質(zhì)疑develop V 發(fā)展

4、，研制，開發(fā)，培養(yǎng)develop a friendship with sb ( 建立 )develop an interest in sth ( 培養(yǎng) )realise 認識到，體會，領(lǐng)悟，使成為現(xiàn)實think about = think over 仔細思考think of think back to 回想think nothing of 覺得不怎么樣think out 想出think/speak highly/much of 對評價高，贊賞think little of 對評價不高，不贊成treat Vt 對待，治療，處理，款待treat sb to sth 用款待sbhave sb do

5、sth 讓某人做某事have sb doing sth 讓某人一直做某事have sth done 使 被做 （ 主觀有/無意 ）get sth done 使 被做 （ 主觀有意 ）make friends (with sb) 與sb交友make enemies (with sb) 與 sb 樹敵care about 在意，在乎care for 喜歡，照顧，關(guān)心example n ( C ) take for example 以 為例set an example to sb = set sb an example 為sb樹立個榜樣joke n ( C ) tell jokes 說笑話play

6、a joke on sb 戲弄sbshare sth with sb 與sb分享/共用sthbe tired of sth/doing 厭煩做 .be tired from sth/doing 因做了 而累at all 竟然，究竟，到底not .at all 根本不，一點也不be/feel at home 隨便，自由自在make sb at home （使）別客氣，別拘束mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味著做某事in the/ones way 妨礙，擋住的路in a way 從某種意義/程度上說by way of 經(jīng)由. 取道lose ones way 迷路make o

7、nes way 努力向前all the way 一路上on ones way to swhnot a bit 一點也不not a little = very much majority + n 復數(shù)，謂語用復數(shù)the majority 做主語，謂語單復數(shù)均可equal 相等的，同樣的，平等的，be equal toon ones own = alone = all by oneself 獨自地situation 情況，處境，形勢 （指環(huán)境/外在）condition 狀況，狀態(tài)（指個體/內(nèi)在）state 狀態(tài)，狀況（只用單數(shù)，與in 連用） in a state of . wide adj /a

8、dv widely advhigh adj / adv highly advdeep adj / adv deeply advclose adj / adv closely advlate adj / adv lately adv 最近 = recentlyon/ over the radio 通過無線電 on TVon the phone 通過電話knowledge n U in the future 在將來 in future 從今以后exchange n / Vt 交換，交流，兌換exchange sth with sbcome about = take place 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生come

9、across （偶然）遇見/發(fā)現(xiàn)while 而，卻，盡管end up with 以 結(jié)束/告終begin/ start with 以 開始consider doing sth 考慮做.consider sb/ sth to do 認為 means n （單/復數(shù)）同形，“手段，方法”meaning n C “意思，含義”by means of 通過的方式by this/that means 通過這種/那種方式by no means 決不follow 跟隨，理解，沿著走，聽從follow ones advice / instructions 聽從某人的建議follow the example o

10、f 以為榜樣as follows 如下 go through = experience get through = finishtry to do sth 盡力地去做 try doing 試著做watch out for = be careful in danger 處于險境 in danger of 有的危險out of danger 脫離險境handle : n 柄，把手 Vt 操作，處理，管理，對待separate: adj單獨的，分開的 V 分離，分開，隔離（+from）be off = leave be off to + 目的地 = leave for + 目的地see sb off

11、 為某人送行combine A and B = combine A with Bbe good to sb/sth 對好/有利be bad to sb/sth 對不好/不利learn about 了解的事cause: n 原因 Vt 引起，造成，產(chǎn)生sink sank sunk Vi 下沉，沉沒，低下 = go downfor fun = in fun take place = happenfrighten Vt = scare 使害怕，使驚嚇frightened = scared 受驚嚇的firghtening = scaring 令人害怕的be afraid of 對擔心 be afrai

12、d to do sth 不敢做a big mass of = masses of = lots of 大批的，大量的advance ：使前進/提出/提高 Vi 高升/漲價 n 前進/進展advanced adj 先進的，高級的 in advance 預先，提前hold onto 抓住，抓牢，保持，不放棄，不賣掉struggle against/for/withfight over 為而爭吵 fight back：還擊，忍住finally = at last = in the endflow flowed flowed flowingfly flow flown flying day after

13、 day：日復一日地（無變化）day by day： 一天天地（有變化）cut down 砍倒，減少，降低，削減destroy：V破壞，消滅 （不可修補）damage：Vt/n 損壞，損失（可修補，補償）ruin：V/n 破壞，滅亡，夷為平地refer to：意思是指 提及，談到，查閱fear: n(U) / V 恐懼，害怕for fear of 擔心 以防 for fear that + 句子 擔心 以防in/with fear 驚恐地 fear for 為而擔心look up at 抬頭看 look up 抬頭/查閱 look up to 尊敬.look down at 低頭看 look

14、down upon 瞧不起look down 低頭catch sb doing sth 抓住sb正在做make a choice 做出選擇have no choice but todo sth：除了做而別無選擇In the beginning -in the endAt the beginning of - at the end ofMake money, save money , collect moneyat a speed of 以的速度 speed up 加速 slow down 減速at full/top speed全速地work on 從事于，致力于 owe：欠，感激，把歸功于ow

15、e sb sth欠sb sthowe to 把歸功于owe it to sb that + 從句（it是形式賓語that 從句是真實賓語）I owe it to you that I have made much progress in English.above allall along 一直after allall the same 依然，仍然all at once突然cant help doing 情不自禁地做.cant help (to) do不能幫著做cant help but do= cant choose but do= cant but do = have to dotake

16、ones place = take the place of sb 代替sbtake ones place = be seated就座keep on doing： 堅持做.keep away from：離開，不接近keep back： 阻止，抑制，隱瞞keep out (of) 擋住，不讓進來keep up 保持，繼續(xù)，持續(xù)keep up with 不落后于，跟上cause trouble = make trouble： 制造麻煩get into trouble： 遇到麻煩have trouble/difficult (in) doing sth：做有麻煩put sb to trouble：

17、給sb添麻煩decide to do = be determined to do sthafford V 負擔得起 afford + n afford to do sthcomment n C / U 評論comment Vi + ( on / upon) sth 就提出看法in ones opinion = in ones eyes 以的觀點來看have a good/ poor/ high/ low opinion of sbthink well/ ill/ highly/ low opinion of sboff work 在休假 out of work 失業(yè)at work 在工作中cu

18、t through/ across 穿過，橫過 cut away 切下，砍倒cut down 砍倒，削減，減少 cut off 切斷，停止供應(yīng)interrupt = get in a word 插嘴，打斷for a moment = for a while 一段時間 for the moment 暫時the moment = as soon as at the moment = nowapologise v. 道歉 apology: n 道歉apologise for ( doing) sth apologise to sb for ( doing) sthmake / offer an ap

19、ology ( to sb for sth)accept / refuse an apologyintroduce:Vt介紹，引進，傳入，使認識/了解seat：n C 座位，Vt 就座take / have a seat = sit down take ones seat 就座no one 只指人不與of 短語連用，回答who 提問的句子Who is here? No one.none ( 3個以上)指人/事或物。回答how many / much提問 How many people are there? None.neither ( 兩者都不) ，后謂語用單數(shù)nothing 指物，不與of

20、短語連用，回答what提問的句子。go over = review ：復習，檢查，走過去。寬恕，原諒：excuse(語氣較輕) pardon( 赦免 ) forgive 從心里寬恕question：課業(yè)上的，需要別人回答的問題用answer回答。problem：客觀存在的，社會的棘手的問題，用solve回答。no question / no problem 毫無疑問.不可能的There is no question + that 從句There is no question of / about out of question 毫無疑問 out of the question impossib

21、le pay a visit to sb / sth 拜訪pay back償還，報復pay off還清manners: (復)禮貌，規(guī)矩，風俗，生活方式manner: n 態(tài)度，樣子，舉止，與of 連用impression：n ( C )印象，感覺，印記make / leave a + (adj) impression on sb 給sb留下的印象at the table = near the tableat table 在吃飯， at desk 在學習sometimes：有時 , sometime： 某時some time：一段時間 , some times：幾次custom：n ( C )

22、 風俗，習慣，習俗customs：關(guān)稅the Customs：海關(guān)customer：顧客course: n ( C )一道菜，課程，進程，過程，航道in course of 在中in / during the course of 在過程中raise： Vt rise： Viadvice：n ( U ) 建議，意見a piece of advicegive sb some advice on 就某事給sb提建議ask ( sb) for advice on 向sb征求建議take / follow ( ones ) advice 接受建議advise ( doing) sthadvise sb

23、( not) to do sthtoo much + n ( U ) much too + adj / advbesides：而且，加之whats more.loud：adj / adv 大聲的地aloud：adv出聲地（silently 安靜地）loudly：adv喧鬧地，吵鬧地，高聲地extra：adj 額外的，特別的。adv：特別地，非常地。Its time for sth Its time to do sthIts time for sb to do sth Its time that sb did sthgive/ send ones best wishes to sb 向sb致意w

24、ish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish sb n /adjmake / tell a joke 說笑話have a joke with sb 與sb 說笑話play a joke on sb 戲弄sbbase on 把建立在，以為基礎(chǔ)be based on 以 為基礎(chǔ)represent = stand for 代表under attack 遭受攻擊 under repair在維修中under study在研究中under construction 在建設(shè)中 under control處于控制之下give in屈服，投降，上交turn in = hand in

25、上交give in to sb 向讓步，遷就in pieces：成碎片，破碎，落空break (sth ) to / into pieces fall to pieces ： 摔成碎片tear (sth) into pieces 把 撕成碎片replace = take the place of 替換，取代change ones mind keep in mind 記住read ones mind看出sb 的心思pull down ：拆掉，摧毀，推翻，使降低下跌notbut不是而是hold ones breath 屏住呼吸lose ones breath喘不過氣來out of bre

26、ath上氣不接下氣a deep breath深呼吸be worth doing值得做be worthy of being donebe worthy to be doneevery two days 每兩天every other days 每隔幾天 + do sthwould rather + not do sth + do A than do B = would do A rather than do Bcompete Vi 競爭，比賽compete in + 比賽compete with / against + 人compete for + sth + nallow , permit +

27、sb to do sth + doing sth father：直接義further：引申義make every possible effort to do sthmake the great effort to do sthprepare for sth 為而準備prepare to do sth 準備做sthprepare sb for sth / to do sth 使準備好做某事have an effect on /upon . 對有影響，對起作用more than 超過，多于，遠不止passive adj積極的active adj 主動的，積極的join + 組織，團體join in

28、 + 活動take part in + 活動（起到一定作用）It depends.看情況吧。live a happy/ lifesmile a sweet/ bitter smile sing a beautiful/ sweet songlate : adj / adv 晚的地，遲的地latest: adj 最新的，最近的latter : pron / adj后者，與former對應(yīng)lately: adv 最近add A to B 把加到上add to 增加add up 加起來add up to 總計，和計remind sb of / about sth：提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事remi

29、nd sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事in case of ：萬一in case：advpron以防萬一，in no case ：決不in any case ： 無論如何in that case：如果那樣wonder: n ( U ) 奇跡，奇觀，(C ) 令人驚奇的事，物 t = want to know ； no wonder ：難怪force sb to do sth = force sb into doing sth 強迫sb 做sthcome up with：趕上，提出，相出succeed in ( doing ) sth the reason for . the caus

30、e of die out：滅絕 die for：為而死die of：死于（內(nèi)因）die from：死于（外因）die off：相繼去世by turns = in turn 按次序地，依次地take turns doing sth 輪流做.take measures to do sth 采取措施去做make to ones measure 按照.的尺寸做adapt to：適應(yīng)，適合 （to是介詞 ）adapt.to Vt 使適合.devote ones life / money / time / oneself to sthin common with ：與有共同之處set free 釋放fre

31、e of charge免費地for free無償?shù)兀赓M地free from不受的損害respond = react 反應(yīng)，respond to 對作出反應(yīng)a large amount of + n ( U ) a great deal of + n ( U )desire:n ( C) / ( U ) 愿望，渴望+(for sth)advice n ( U) , suggestion n ( C ) sure： 表語形容詞，大多人作主語certain：定語形容詞，大多由sth作主語dance to the music/ song 伴著音樂歌跳舞a world of + n ( C) / (

32、U ) 無數(shù)的，大量的have sth in common with . 與有共同之處spread：傳播，傳開get round，伸展/延伸/展開/鋪開variety：多樣性，種類，變化a variety of = various different kinds of record : n ( C ) 記錄，唱片 Vt 記錄下來，記載，錄制write a record of. 記錄下break a record 打破記錄keep the record of 保持的記錄be similar to. 與相似be satisfied / content with sb / sth 對.滿意be sa

33、tisfied / content to do sthtotally = completely = thoroughly = whollyexpress：Vt 表達n 快車adj 特快的expression：n（C）表達，表情，表達方式take down = put down = write down ：寫下，記下take in接受，吸收，理解，欺騙take on 呈現(xiàn)，雇傭，從事take over接管take up 占據(jù)，占領(lǐng)，開始做a series of 一系列的，一連串的，in trouble 處于困境中have trouble (in) doing sth做有麻煩get into tr

34、ouble 陷入困境make trouble 制造麻煩take trouble to do sth費心做learn from 向.學learn of / about 聽說了解learn by heart用心學be afraid to do sth 不敢做be afraid of (doing) sth對做擔心power：能力，電力，力量，動力，權(quán)力，政權(quán)in power：執(zhí)政take power / come into power 上臺，開始執(zhí)政come across = run across = meet with = happen to meet = run into = meetby c

35、hance 偶然遇見grow up 長大have a habit of doing sthform / develop the habit of 養(yǎng)成 的習慣be in the habit of 有的習慣get / fall into the habit of 染上的習慣get sb into the habit of 使sb染上的習慣out of habit 出于習慣compareto 把比作compare with 把和相比compared to / with 與相比（句首，做伴隨狀語）whisper：Vt 私語，低聲說，Vi + to sb，n C 低聲so good a boy = s

36、uch a good boyif only 要是就好了only if 只要，只有what if 倘若該怎么辦？as if = as though 似乎，好像turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)回身turn back 折回，返回turn out 結(jié)果是，原來是，證明是use up 用完burn up 燒完eat up 吃完end up (with ) 結(jié)束/ 以告終make a list of 列出.的清單hurt ：指精神上，肉體上的傷害（強調(diào)疼痛，難受）harm：指對人，對事有害。wound：多指外傷injure：指意外事故造成的傷害。a bit = a littlenot a bit

37、 = not at allnot a little = very muchexamine :Vt 仔細檢查，測驗（多指身體或考試）check: Vt 查驗，核對。keep up with：跟上，不落后catch up with：追上，趕上offer：Vt 提供，給予，出的價；n 提供，供給offer to do sth：（主動地）答應(yīng)做 choose ：選中，選定（強調(diào)結(jié)果）choose from：從中選擇（強調(diào)選的過程）select：精挑細選likely: adj / adv sb be likely to do sth sb 很可能做a large amount of = a great

38、deal of + (U) 大量的 .celebrate : 慶祝/ 祝賀 （+ 節(jié)日，勝利，典禮，儀式）congratulate : + sb ( on sth ) dress：+ sb ：給某人穿衣服put on：+ 衣服（指穿的動作）wear： + 衣服 （指穿的狀態(tài)）haveon 表示穿的狀態(tài) （ 不用進行時）following : prep 以后；adj 接下來的；n 以下choice：n C 選擇的人/物；U選擇，選定，選擇權(quán)by choice 自由地make a choice 做出 的選擇前有“do”，后無to ；前無“do”，后有toI had no choice but to

39、 give up.I can do nothing but give up.give in ：屈服，投降，讓步give up： 放棄give off： 散發(fā)出，放射出give out： 分發(fā)，分配，公布，用盡，筋疲力盡give over：交給，移交give back：返還，恢復not but . 不是. 而是.play a trick on sb = play a joke on sb = play tricks on sbscene：（C）現(xiàn)場，場景（人工布局的），一場，scenery：（U）大多指自然景色missing: adj 不見了（一時找不到，不一定丟了）lost: adj 丟了（找

40、不到了）before 的特殊用法：得. 才 He waited a long time before the train arrived用不了.就 I hadnt waited long before he came.沒等就 He began to speak before I could sit down.in the past：在過去 （用過去時）in the past years / days （用完成時）在過去的年/天里call on sb 拜訪sb， 號召call at sp 拜訪某地look down at sth ： 低頭看look about / around： 環(huán)顧四周，警戒

41、look into： 調(diào)查，注視內(nèi)部look on ： 旁觀look out ： 向外看look over ： 檢查，檢閱look through：瀏覽，檢查at ( the ) most ： 至多，最多at ( the ) least： 至少，最少have sb doing sth = keep sb doing sth 讓一直做have sb do sth = make sb do sthcome up with ：提出，提供put up with ： 忍受by accident = by chance 偶然地by mistake 由于疏忽by good fortune 由于幸運advan

42、tage ：C 優(yōu)勢，利益，好處take advantage of = make use of 利用to sbs advantage = to the advantage of sb 對sb 有利discover sb doing sth ：發(fā)現(xiàn)sb正在做make a great discovery：完成一項重大發(fā)現(xiàn)依某人看來：in ones opinion / view = in the opinion of sb浪費： a waste of mean doing sth ： 意味著 mean to do sth = intend to do sth 打算做 It is no use doi

43、ng sth ：做是沒有用的It is no good doing sth：做是沒有好處的conduct ：指導，引導，指揮，經(jīng)營，管理動詞不定式做賓語的詞：Wish, agree, decide, pretend, ask, tell, promise, plan, expect, refuse charge ：n / V 要價，負責，管理in charge ： 掌管，掌管，負責in charge of： 負責 in the charge of + sb：由 負責under the charge of + sb 在 的管理之下take / have charge of + 部門 負責/管理

44、.free of charge ： 免費地at ones own charge ： 自費sharp：鋒利的，尖銳的，靈敏的，苛刻的tear：Vt 撕裂 n C眼淚move sb to tears：感動得某人落淚burst into tears： 突然哭起來be in tears ： 在哭，流淚doubt + 肯定句 + whether / if + 從句doubt + 疑問句 / 否定句 + that + 從句do with：處置，處理deal with： 處置，處理inspire : Vt 鼓舞，激發(fā)，感動inspiring : adj 鼓舞人的，感動人的live on ：（指人） 以 為生

45、feed on ：（指動物）以 為食be about to do sth：不與表示時間的狀語連用be to do sth ： 可以與表示時間的狀語連用refer to：（to是介詞）：參考，涉及，談到，提及，指的是主謂一致：1. 謂語動詞就近一致的原則：Or； eitheror；neither nor； not but；not only .but also.；there be 句型2. 謂語動詞與前面的主語一致：with； together with；but；as well as；except； besides ；rather than； including；the + adj 表示一類人的時

46、候，謂語用復數(shù)the + adj 表示一類物/事的時候，謂語用單數(shù)praise: Vt 贊揚，表揚； n ( U) 稱贊，表揚 （反）blame V/ n 指責，責備praise sb ( for doing sth)promise: n 諾言，有前途；Vt 答應(yīng)，允諾，約定promising : adj 有前途的，有希望的explain ： V 解釋explain sth to sb； explain to sb sthmake up： 彌補，編造，make up for 彌補make use of 利用the same as （ 指不同的一個）the same that . （就是指上文中

47、提到的那個）possess: Vt 擁有，掌握，控制，占有possession : n ( U) 所有，擁有，獲得 ( C) 所有物agree to plan / suggestion / arrangement ： 同意計劃/ 建議/安排 agree to do sth：同意做 agree with sb 同意某人，適合agree on 就達成一致/共識 (主語大多是復數(shù))compared to/ with （固定形式）大多作伴隨狀語；與相比pleasure：（C）可樂的事；（U）愉快，快樂，愿望，高興，for pleasure = for fun 為了快樂，作為消遣with pleasur

48、e 愉快地，高興地It will be + 時間段 + before + 句子 ：得過（多久）.才.It wont be +時間段 + before + 句子：用不了（多久）就take place break out happen 多不用被動形式believe sb： 相信某人的話believe in sb：相信某人的品質(zhì)或能力nature：(U) 自然（界/現(xiàn)象），不與冠詞連用 The beauty of nature is so wonderful. ( C) 性質(zhì)，本質(zhì)，本性，天性 People have similar natures.by nature ： 生來，本來，生就in na

49、ture： 在本質(zhì)上，實際上ruin ： 夷為平地 （不可修補）destroy ：徹底破壞 （不可修補）damage ：損壞 （可修補）prepare sthprepare for sthprepare to do sthprepare sth foruse : n / Vt 使用make ( full / good / the best / the most ) use of out of use ： 廢棄不用put to use：對 加以使用be of great use ：很有用處come into use ： 開始使用be known for ：因為而出名be known as ：作為

50、 而出名be known to + sb 被所知in other words ：換句話說in a word ： 總之，簡而言之on condition that = if 假如后加 doing 的短語：Cant help； feel like； put off ( 推遲 )；be no good / useinsist on；keep on；object to；be busy；give up； be worth后加 doing 的動詞：avoid；miss；suggest；finish / complete；practise； enjoy imagine； admit； deny； escape； risk； excuse； stand keep； mind系動詞 + 表語 結(jié)構(gòu)的特性：大多不用被動語態(tài)，不用進行時“