淺談提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性的措施中英文對(duì)照

1、 淺談提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性的措施中英文對(duì)照On improving English reliability measures of relay protection 本文就多年的工作實(shí)踐對(duì)當(dāng)前電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù)狀態(tài)檢修的運(yùn)行維護(hù)進(jìn)行的分析與探討，并就提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性的措施，提出幾點(diǎn)建議。 Based on years of practical work on the current state of the power system operation and maintenance of relay protection maintenance discussion and analysis,

2、 and the measures to improve the reliability of the relay protection, and puts forward some suggestions.一、繼電保護(hù)裝置的特點(diǎn)Characteristics, relay protection device若想強(qiáng)化對(duì)繼電保護(hù)的運(yùn)行維護(hù)，就要首先了解繼電保護(hù)裝置的特點(diǎn)，使其能滿足基本的運(yùn)行要求。繼電保護(hù)裝置主要以下幾個(gè)方面的特點(diǎn)：1）可靠性。繼電保護(hù)裝置的可靠性特征是其最具特色的特點(diǎn)，在電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中發(fā)生故障時(shí)，繼電保護(hù)裝置會(huì)在其保護(hù)范圍內(nèi)對(duì)故障做出可靠動(dòng)作，有效斷開故障點(diǎn)的擴(kuò)大。2）選擇

3、性。繼電保護(hù)裝置在電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，會(huì)有選擇地切出故障，將最接近故障點(diǎn)的開關(guān)設(shè)備及時(shí)斷開，有效防止故障的擴(kuò)大，讓電力系統(tǒng)故障部分除外的其他部分還能持續(xù)正常運(yùn)行。3）靈敏性。繼電保護(hù)裝置的靈敏性可用過靈敏系數(shù)來衡量，是指它對(duì)保護(hù)范圍內(nèi)的異常狀態(tài)或運(yùn)行故障的反應(yīng)能力。4）快速性。在系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障時(shí)，繼電保護(hù)裝置能以允許的最快速度做出反應(yīng)，及時(shí)斷開開關(guān)設(shè)備以確保故障無蔓延擴(kuò)大趨勢，對(duì)故障元件損壞程度的減輕也起到很好作用，為故障解除后的電力系統(tǒng)同步運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定的實(shí)現(xiàn)奠定基礎(chǔ)To strengthen the maintenance of protective relaying operation

4、, we must first understand the characteristics of the relay protection device, which can meet the basic requirements of operation. Characteristics of the relay protection device is mainly in the following aspects: 1) reliability. The reliability of relay protection device is the most characteristic

5、features, the fault occurred in the running process of power system, relay protection device in the protection action to make reliable fault range, effective disconnection of expanding the fault point. 2) selective. Relay protection device failure in power system operation, can selectively cut out f

6、ault, switching equipment will be closest to the fault point in time off, to enlarge the effective to prevent failures, power system fault but also other parts except for the normal operation. 3) sensitivity. Relay protection device sensitivity by sensitivity coefficient to measure, it is to protect

7、 the range of abnormal or fault response capability. 4) fast. When faults occur in power system, relay protection device to the fastest speed to allow timely response, disconnect switch equipment to ensure that no fault spread trend, to reduce the damage degree of fault elements also play a very goo

8、d role, for power system fault after the lifting of synchronous operation safe and stable foundation for realizing二、繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)的基本原則Two basic principles of relay protection, operation and maintenance對(duì)繼電保護(hù)的運(yùn)行維護(hù)原則主要有兩個(gè)方面：1）確保運(yùn)行安全。確保裝置運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定是繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)的基礎(chǔ)及重要原則，在對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置進(jìn)行狀態(tài)檢修的分析與監(jiān)測時(shí)，應(yīng)對(duì)檢修項(xiàng)目、周期等做合理適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整，并通過完善

9、有效的管理制度加強(qiáng)對(duì)繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)的管理。2）宏觀規(guī)劃。逐步落實(shí)。對(duì)繼電保護(hù)的運(yùn)行維護(hù)是系統(tǒng)而復(fù)雜的，尤其是裝置的狀態(tài)檢修還沒有形成成熟系統(tǒng)的完整體系，因此，需要在總體的宏觀規(guī)劃下，分層逐步實(shí)施推進(jìn)，確保繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)的每一步實(shí)施都合理穩(wěn)妥，通過先行試點(diǎn)累計(jì)必要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并進(jìn)一步推廣應(yīng)用。For the relay protection maintenance principle mainly has two aspects: 1) to ensure the safe operation. To ensure that the operation of the device safe and

10、 stable is and important principles of relay protection running and maintenance, analysis and monitoring of state maintenance in to the relay protection device, to overhaul project, cycle do appropriate adjustment, and by improving the effective management system of relay protection maintenance mana

11、gement. 2) macro programming. The gradual implementation of. For the relay protection maintenance is a systematic and complex, especially the complete system, condition-based maintenance device has not formed mature system therefore, need in the macro planning overall, step by step to promote the im

12、plementation of each step, ensure the implementation of maintenance of relay protection are reasonable and, through pilot accumulated the necessary experience and further application.三、繼電保護(hù)裝置的校驗(yàn)內(nèi)容與周期Check the contents and period three, relay protection device要想提高繼電保護(hù)的可靠性，有效保障電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定，并且在故障發(fā)生時(shí)能及時(shí)作

13、出可靠動(dòng)作，就必須定期對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置與其二次回路做有效檢查與校驗(yàn)。繼電保護(hù)裝置的校驗(yàn)內(nèi)容主要有對(duì)保護(hù)裝置整組動(dòng)作的檢驗(yàn)、進(jìn)行電氣特性試驗(yàn)與對(duì)繼電器機(jī)械部分的檢查、二次通電試驗(yàn)、分閘電壓與二次回路絕緣電阻的測量。而對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置與其二次回路的檢查內(nèi)容主要有確保保護(hù)定值單的完整有效與合理保存、確保繼電器無異常、檢查相關(guān)裝置設(shè)備的電源與液晶面板及指示燈顯示等是否正常準(zhǔn)確、檢查裝置交流采樣與報(bào)文及開入量是否正常、對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)與壓板位置進(jìn)行檢查、確保運(yùn)行中無異常氣味或聲響。對(duì)于同期建設(shè)或改造的二次回路的新安裝繼電保護(hù)裝置，需在投運(yùn)一年后做首次全面檢查，若發(fā)現(xiàn)裝置運(yùn)行狀態(tài)不良，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況制定確定有針對(duì)性

14、的檢修項(xiàng)目并適當(dāng)縮短檢修周期，若繼電保護(hù)裝置更換時(shí)不同步改造二次回路，則在裝置投運(yùn)之前，需要做一次全面的檢修，而后期檢修則可按正常周期進(jìn)行。若是110kV電壓等級(jí)的微機(jī)裝置，可每六年做一次全檢而取消部檢In order to improve the reliability of relay protection, security and stability of power system operation effective protection, and can make timely and reliable action when a fault occurs, it must be

15、 regularly on relay protection device and the two loop to do effective inspection and verification. Check the contents of relay protection device are test of protective device, the entire group of electrical characteristics test and inspection, the relay mechanical part measurement two electricity t

16、est, gate voltage and the two circuit insulation resistance. The relay protection device and the two loop to check the contents of the main ensure protection setting value of the complete and effective and reasonable storage, to ensure that no abnormal, check relay equipment supply and liquid crysta

17、l panel and an indicating lamp display is normal or not accurate, AC sampling and packet inspection device and input amount is normal, the conversion the switch and the plate location check, ensure operation no abnormal smell or sound. For a new installation of relay protection device two loop const

18、ruction or renovation of the same period, the first comprehensive examination required in operation after a year, if it is found that the device running state is bad, should be developed according to the actual situation to determine the maintenance project and appropriate to shorten the maintenance

19、 period, if the relay protection device replacement is not synchronous two loop transformation in the device, before commissioning, need to do a comprehensive overhaul, and later maintenance can be conducted on normal cycle. If a microcomputer device 110kV voltage grade, can do a full inspection eve

20、ry six years and the abolition of inspection四、對(duì)繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行的具體維護(hù)The specific maintenance four, to relay protection operation對(duì)繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行的具體維護(hù)主要有：The main specific maintenance operation of relay protection: 1）加強(qiáng)繼電保護(hù)裝置運(yùn)行中的異?，F(xiàn)象監(jiān)視，并將具體情況及時(shí)報(bào)告給主管部門。2）在檢修過程中，應(yīng)在與相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人協(xié)商一致后，再進(jìn)行檢修必要的分合開關(guān)操作，以免出現(xiàn)人為因素的故障，使得檢修適得其反。3）及時(shí)查明繼電保

21、護(hù)動(dòng)作開關(guān)跳閘的原因，對(duì)保護(hù)動(dòng)作的情況作進(jìn)一步了解，做好故障發(fā)生、原因分析及具體排除措施等所有內(nèi)容的實(shí)時(shí)有效的記錄。4）對(duì)于繼電保護(hù)裝置的操作權(quán)限，值班人員只有開關(guān)的切換或轉(zhuǎn)換、壓板接通或斷開及保險(xiǎn)卸裝等，不能做多余的違規(guī)操作，若出現(xiàn)不在操作權(quán)限內(nèi)的異常狀況，應(yīng)及時(shí)斷開開關(guān)并與相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人聯(lián)系。5）根據(jù)電氣安全工作規(guī)程規(guī)定并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場的設(shè)備圖紙進(jìn)行二次回路上的所有工作，并根據(jù)相關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行對(duì)傳統(tǒng)變電站二次設(shè)備的定期檢修，確保繼電保護(hù)裝置及其二次回路接線完好。1) strengthen monitoring abnormal phenomenon in operation of relay prote

22、ction device, and specific circumstances promptly reported to the competent authorities. 2) in the inspection process, should be in line with the relevant person in charge of consensus, and then repair division switching operation necessary, so as to avoid the fault of human factors, so the overhaul

23、 run counter to ones desire. 3) identify the reasons for action of relay protection switch tripping time, to protect the situation further, make fault, cause analysis and specific measures to fix all the content of the effective real-time recording. 4) for operating authority of relay protection dev

24、ice, the personnel on duty, only switching or converting switch plate connected or disconnected and insurance uninstall, can not do extra illegal operations, if there is no exception in operation within the authority, should be promptly disconnect switch and contact the person responsible for the re

25、levant. 5) according to the Regulations of electrical safety work rules and combined with field equipment drawings for all two loop, and regular maintenance of the two traditional equipment of substation according to the relevant regulations, to ensure that the relay protection device and the two ci

26、rcuit wiring.五、提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性的有效措施Five, the effective measures to improve the reliability of relay protection提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性是進(jìn)行繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)的主要目的，繼電保護(hù)的運(yùn)行維護(hù)處處體現(xiàn)著對(duì)繼電保護(hù)可靠性的提高目的，有效提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性的措施，是防止電力系統(tǒng)故障發(fā)生與擴(kuò)大的重要途徑，為電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定提供可靠保障。對(duì)于這一方面，筆者結(jié)合自己的看法提出幾點(diǎn)建議：To improve the reliability of relay protection is the main purpos

27、e of the maintenance operation of relay protection, relay protection maintenance everywhere embodies the purpose of improving the reliability of relay protection, effective measures to improve reliability of relay protection, is to prevent the power system fault occurs in important ways and expanded

28、, providing reliable guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power system. In this connection, the author puts forward some suggestions in the view: 1）增加對(duì)繼電保護(hù)的投入。在科學(xué)技術(shù)的大力支持下，新的技術(shù)與設(shè)備層出不窮，要提高繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行的可靠性，不只要注重對(duì)裝置投運(yùn)后的維護(hù)，還要合理選用繼電保護(hù)裝置，將有高技術(shù)含量的新型裝置應(yīng)用到電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中，不斷完善電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的電氣設(shè)備，如對(duì)于綜合自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用，可以使其與繼電保護(hù)配合使

29、用，充分提高繼電保護(hù)的可靠性。1) increase the relay protection input. In strong support of science and technology, new technology and equipment emerge in an endless stream, in order to improve the reliability of relay protection, not only to pay attention to the maintenance after putting into operation of unit, bu

30、t also reasonable selection of relay protection device, the operation of the new device applied to power system will have high technology content, and constantly improve the electrical equipment of power system operation, such as the application of the integrated automation system, can be used in co

31、njunction with the relay protection, improve the reliability of relay protection. 2）加強(qiáng)對(duì)繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行的日常維護(hù)。電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中發(fā)生故障的現(xiàn)象是具有隨機(jī)性的，并不能準(zhǔn)確定，這就要在日常運(yùn)行中多加注意與監(jiān)測，尤其是對(duì)能有效防止故障或事故發(fā)生運(yùn)行中多加注意與監(jiān)測，尤其是對(duì)能有效防止故障或事故發(fā)并實(shí)時(shí)采取處理措施排除故障以恢復(fù)電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，有著極其重要的意義。因此，要加強(qiáng)對(duì)繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行的日常維護(hù)，把好保護(hù)運(yùn)行效率與質(zhì)量關(guān)，定期對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置及其二次回路進(jìn)行有效校驗(yàn)與檢查，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并解決，提高故障處理能力，綜

32、合提升繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行維護(hù)水平，為電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的實(shí)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)造良好條件。3）強(qiáng)化對(duì)檢修人員的素質(zhì)與業(yè)務(wù)技能的培訓(xùn)。要提高繼電保護(hù)可靠性，就要注意對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置的檢修，而這對(duì)檢修人員的綜合素質(zhì)及業(yè)務(wù)技能有很高的要求，檢修人員掌握較高的檢修技術(shù)并具有豐富的檢修經(jīng)驗(yàn)，能及時(shí)對(duì)系統(tǒng)故障作出準(zhǔn)確分析，能對(duì)繼電保護(hù)裝置的健康狀態(tài)做綜合評(píng)價(jià)，還能作出合理的檢修決策，有效優(yōu)化檢修工藝與計(jì)劃等，這些都是檢修人員技術(shù)素質(zhì)的體現(xiàn)，是確保檢修質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)與關(guān)鍵。因此必須對(duì)加強(qiáng)檢修人員的素質(zhì)與業(yè)務(wù)技能的培訓(xùn)，通過宣講、學(xué)習(xí)等手段強(qiáng)化檢修人員的安全意識(shí)，提高檢修人員的工作責(zé)任心與積極性，并通過專業(yè)的技能培訓(xùn)與有效

33、的考核方式等，提高檢修人員的綜合素質(zhì)及業(yè)務(wù)技能，使其對(duì)檢修工作從理論到實(shí)際操作都有一個(gè)整體的把握與了解，熟知檢修操作過程與規(guī)章制度要求，有效提高檢修質(zhì)量。同時(shí)，應(yīng)通過有效的激勵(lì)獎(jiǎng)罰制度以及健全的崗位責(zé)任制，在提高檢修人員責(zé)任心的同時(shí)，確保具體的檢修工作落實(shí)到位，為繼電保護(hù)高效運(yùn)行提供可靠保障。2) to strengthen the day-to-day maintenance and operation of relay protection. Failure occurred in the operation of power system is stochastic, and not a

34、ccurate, it should pay more attention and monitoring in daily operation, especially for can effectively prevent the failure or accidents happen more attention and monitoring operation, especially for can effectively prevent the failure or accident and real-time to stabilize operation treatment measu

35、res for troubleshooting to restore the power system, has a very important significance. Therefore, to strengthen the routine maintenance operation of relay protection, the protection operation efficiency and quality, regularly on relay protection device and the two loop effectively check and inspect

36、ion, timely find and solve, improve the fault treatment ability, comprehensive promotion of relay protection operation and maintenance level, creating good conditions for economic security stable, the operation of power system. 3) to strengthen the maintenance personnel quality and service skill tra

37、ining. In order to improve the reliability of relay protection, it is necessary to pay attention to the maintenance of relay protection device, and the maintenance personnel comprehensive quality and professional skills have very high demand, maintenance personnel to master maintenance technology is

38、 higher and has rich experience in maintenance, can make an accurate analysis of the system failure, can make comprehensive evaluation device for relay protect the health, but also make maintenance decision reasonable, effective maintenance optimization process and plan, these are the embodiment of

39、technical quality of maintenance personnel, is to ensure that the foundation and key to overhaul quality. So it must be to strengthen the maintenance personnel quality and service skill training, strengthen the sense of security maintenance personnel through the preaching, learning methods, improve the maintenance personnel responsibility and enthusiasm, and through professional skill training and effective evaluation methods, improve the comprehensive quality and the service maintenance personnel skill, make it the maintenance work from theory to the ac