測繪專業(yè)英語課程教學指導

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上測繪專業(yè)英語課程教學指導一、本課程的性質、目的本課程是測繪工程專業(yè)學生的專業(yè)選修課程。學生在進行了兩年的公共英語學習后，在詞匯、語法、句法、閱讀能力、寫作能力等方面都打下了比較好的基礎；為鞏固學生的英語學習，并將公共英語與專業(yè)基礎相結合，以適應工作需要，特開設此課程。二、本課程的教學重點理論部分：本課程全部為理論教學，知識點散落在各篇課文中，很難指出具體哪部分課文內容是重點。重點知識點參見課程內容課時安排。三、本課程教學中應注意的問題科技英語是一種英語語體，無論是詞匯、句法、語法都有其固有的特點，本課程的教學主要應注意與公共英語教學的異同。四、本課程的教學目的教育部制

2、定的大學本科專業(yè)英語的教學大綱規(guī)定，通過專業(yè)英語的學習，主要是讓學生具備“以英語為工具通過閱讀獲取專業(yè)所需信息的能力”。根據此規(guī)定，通過本課程的教學要求學生：1、 掌握常見測繪專業(yè)英語詞匯；2、 熟悉科技英語的語法、句法特點；3、 能讀懂難度適中的專業(yè)文章的英語原文；4、 會撰寫科技論文的英文題目、摘要。五、本課程采用的教學方法 本課程的教學方法以課堂講授為主、學生進行口頭與書面練習為輔。主要包括以下幾個方面的內容：1、 詞匯：專業(yè)英語詞匯量大，但許多是由公共英語詞匯轉化、引申、派生或合成的，因此詞匯教學著重與構詞法及常見前綴、后綴的含義。2、 語法與句法：專業(yè)英語是一種英語語體，在語法與句法

3、方面有其固有的特點。為了讓學生掌握其特點，主要通過課文教學使他們具備該方面的感性認識，再通過附錄二的教學達到理性的飛躍。3、 閱讀與翻譯：要以英語為工具通過閱讀獲取專業(yè)所需信息，必須在有足夠詞匯量（包括專業(yè)英語詞匯）并熟悉科技英語語法與句法的基礎上，透徹地理解原文，然后用明白流暢的中文表達出來（因為用英語獲取的信息，不僅要自己理解，更重要的是能與同行交流或傳授給他人）。閱讀與翻譯能力的提高，同樣需要感性積累與理性總結。專業(yè)英語句子較長，且定語從句、狀語、動詞非謂語形式多，為幫助學生理解課文，提高翻譯能力，對于比較復雜的句子，在本課程前半部分，直接由教師講解句子結構，在后半部分，先由學生分析，再

4、由教師補充。附錄二與附錄三的教學，對于本課程而言不可或缺。科技論文題目、摘要的寫作：主要通過附錄的教學來達到該教學要求。六、課程教學資料教材：本課程以武漢大學出版的測繪工程專業(yè)英語為主，結合我院自編教材測繪科技英語選讀。本課程的內容難易適當、取材廣泛；涵蓋了以下幾個方面的內容：（1）測繪；（2）測量、誤差與平差；（3）變形監(jiān)測等基本知識；附錄：（1）詞匯表；（2）科技英語的特點；（3）科技英語的理解；（4）科技英語的翻譯；（5）科技論文題目、摘要的寫作。參考書：1、測繪專業(yè)英語曲建光 測繪出版社； 2、科技英語讀譯指南邢修祥 冶金工業(yè)出版社；3、科技英語翻譯理論與技巧保清等，中國農業(yè)機械出版社

5、。期刊：1、中國科技翻譯2、上?？萍挤g七、成績評定1、平時考勤、課程作業(yè)本課程考核總成績的30%，考試占70%。2、根據西南科技大學學分制學籍管理暫行辦法（西南科大發(fā)2001207號）第十二條規(guī)定：有下列情形之一者，取消考核資格，必須重修。1、學生(免修生除外)在一學期內，無論何種原因，累計缺課達教學時數的三分之一者；或任課教師隨機抽查缺課6次以上者；2、有實驗、作業(yè)等環(huán)節(jié)的課程，學生未按時完成實驗、實驗報告及作業(yè)等環(huán)節(jié)。抄襲他人實驗報告、作業(yè)的，當事人雙方的實驗報告、作業(yè)均按作弊處理，根據學生的認錯態(tài)度和補做情況，可以考慮是否給予取消考核資格。3、本課程考試為閉巻，詞匯大約占30%，翻譯大

6、約占70%。八、先修課程要求學習本課程，學生應修完大學英語、測量學、測量平差基礎； 九、課程內容與課時安排本課程共十四個單元，具體安排如下：Unit One Whats Geomatices? 2學時本單元的重點難點： 1、句子倒裝In the last decade, there has been dramatic development and growth in the use of hardware and software solutions to both measure and process geo-spatial data.It is processed and manipu

7、lated with state-of-the-art information technology using computer software and hardware. 2、找長句的謂語Such developments are forecast to continue and will create new career paths for graduates whose education and training is broadly based and of high academic standard.對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容；2、認識 Geomati

8、cs 3、掌握專業(yè)詞匯： geomatics, geodesy surveying and mapping property survey, geodetic surveying, plane surveying photogrammetry remote sensing(RS) global positioning system(GPS) satellite positioning geographic information systems(GIS) land management computer graphics4、詞匯擴充與辨析 surveying, survey; measure,

9、 measurement process n. 過程、步驟v.處理 rigorous, rough reduction, reduce highway, freeway plan, diagram, profile, cross section, chart, mapUnit Two Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying 3學時本單元的重點難點： 1、句子倒裝Attached to the level is a. bubble level, which enables the line of sight to be brought into true h

10、orizontal. 2、分析句子結構Measurements are made by sighting a horizontal line of sight on graduated level rods that are held vertically over various points on a plat of land. 3、however表示轉折However, with the increasing size and sophistication of engineering and other scientific projects, surveyors who restri

11、ct their practice to plane surveying are severely limited in the types of surveys in which they can be engaged. 4、詞義引申the construction of highways對學生的要求：1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容；2、復習be dependent upon, a large number of； 3、掌握however的用法； 4、掌握專業(yè)詞匯； plane trigonometry gravity field plumb line office work；field

12、work geodetic surveying；plane surveying；control survey horizontal survey；vertical survey topographic survey；detail survey land survey；city survey route survey；pipe survey hydrographic survey；marine survey 4、詞匯擴充與辨析 angular distance，linear distance；latitude，longitude，altitude；foresight，backsight； 多義詞

13、feature； 多義詞level；Unit Three Distance Measurement 2.5學時 本單元的重點難點： 1、主語從語These velocities, which are affected by the airs density, are reduced and need to be recalculated in the atmosphere.2、強調比較級 If the distance is longer than the length of tape, then we can divide the long distance into several seg

14、ments and get the total distance by plus each segment together. 對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容； 2、復習pacing, precise ranging, distance measurement, by means of, a series of 3、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 distance measuring instrument, rangefinder geodimeter long-range EDM instrument infrared EDM instrument laser distance measur

15、ing instrument, laser ranger satellite laser ranger, two-color laser ranger distance-measuring error fixed error, proportional error multiplication constant, addition constant 4、詞匯擴充與辨析 mechanical/optical distance (MOD) measuring instruments, electronic distance measuring (EDM) instruments stadia ha

16、ir, cross wire, cross hair the resultant intervals, at intervals Unit Four Angle and Direction Measurement 2.5學時本單元的重點難點：1、并列成分的省略With the theodolite set up, centered, and leveled over at station A, then a simple horizontal angle measurement between surveying point B, A and C would be taken .2、長句的斷句

17、與結構Modern electronic digital theodolites contain circular encoders that sense the rotations of the spindles and the telescope, convert these rotations into horizontal and vertical (or zenith) angles electronically, and display the value of the angles on liquid crystal displays (LCDs) or light-emitti

18、ng diode displays (LEDs).對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容； 2、復習perpendicular, electronic distance measuring equipment, angular measurement, instrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit, point of reference, property survey, location survey, celestial sphere, projection 3、plate：照準部4、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 horizontal angle,

19、 vertical angle head tapeman, rear tapeman depression angle true angle horizontal circle, vertical circle zenith distance geodetic azimuth grid bearing, gyro azimuth, magnetic azimuth method by series, method of direction observation method in all combinations 5、詞匯擴充與辨析 azimuth, bearing, quadrant 多義

20、詞plateUnit Five Traversing 2學時本單元的重點難點： 1、插入語Closed traverses, whether they return to the starting point or not, provide checks on the measured angles and distances. 2、長句的斷句與結構Closed traverses provide also checks on the measured distances, and the position closure can be determined mathematically, w

21、hich means that an indication of the consistency of measuring distances as well as angles should be given to a traverse that closes on itself.對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容；2、復習successive, electronic distance measuring equipment, angular measurement, instrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit, point o

22、f reference, property survey, location survey, construction layout survey, be subject to, alternative 3、drive：打入、釘入 4、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 traverse, traversing, traverse line, traverse station, traverse point, traverse party head tapeman, rear tapeman supporting equipment, range pole, plumb bob, stake, hub, field

23、 notebook, taping pin, stadia rod law of sines, law of cosine backsight densify originate, terminate, close on traverse network, triangulation network, triangulation network, trilateration network rectangular coordinate grid system longitude, latitude 5、詞匯擴充與辨析 open traverse, closed traverse rod, ta

24、peUnit Six Methods of Elevation Determination 2學時本單元的重點難點： 1、表語從句The modern approach is to measure the slope distance and vertical angle to the point in question. 2、同位語從句Such continuous surface maps can make a powerful visual impact, but they have dual disadvantages in that data values are hard to r

25、ead on the map and detail behind data peaks is lost. 3、長句的斷句與結構The important notes should be mentioned here is that surveyors used to working with spirit levels have referenced orthometric heights(H) to the “average” surface of the earth, as depicted by MSL.對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容； 2、復習permanent, s

26、tadia, differential leveling, built-in 3、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 reference datum Huanghai vertical datum of 1956, national vertical datum of 1985 direct leveling, spitit leveling trigonometric leveling, barometric leveling, gravimetric leveling, river-crossing leveling foresight, backsight height of instrument, heig

27、ht of target stadia leveling, stadia line annexed leveling line, closed leveling line, spur leveling line electronic level , optical level 4、詞匯擴充與辨析 theme, topic, subject numerical, nonnumerical quantitative, qualitativeUnit Seven Robotic Total Station 2學時本單元的重點難點： 1、主語從句What will change is the spee

28、d with which data is collected. 2、祈使句Take advantage of the measuring speed and hace multiple rod people on larger jobs. 3、長句的斷句與結構After the instrument has been set up on a control station, centered, leveled and properly oriented, and the prism target has been set up over another point whose position

29、 is to be measured, the surveyor may focus the target and depress a button.對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容； 2、復習electronic distance meters(EDM)； regardless of, take advantage of； circular encoder 3、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 instrument of geomatics engineering, geodetic instrument optical theodolite, electronic theodolite tot

30、al station, robotic(motorized) total station geo-robot gyroscopic theodolite data recorder data transfer automatic target recognition(ATR) circular encoders reduce, eliminate, eradicate, cancel, cast out, discard 4、詞匯擴充與辨析 prism, lens, mirror out of plumb, out of adjustmentUnit Eight Errors in Measu

31、rement 2.5學時本單元的重點難點： 1、however表示其所在句子與上個句子之間的轉折However, measurements can approach their true values more closely as better equipment is developed, environmental conditions improve and observer ability increases, but they can never be exact. 2、并列句的省略Systematic errors can be calculated and proper cor

32、rections applied to the measurements or a field procedure used that automatically eliminates the errors. 3、長句的斷句與結構It can be stated unconditionally that all measurements, no matter how carefully executed, will contain error, and so the true value of a measurement is never known, and the exact sizes

33、of the errors present are always unknown.It is shown that things which happen randomly or by chance are governed by mathematical principles referred to as probability.對學生的要求： 1、必須掌握本單元的重點難點內容； 2、復習estimate, imperfection；refer to, be referred to as；to the nearest 3、掌握專業(yè)詞匯 true value, error, mistake,

34、blunder natural error, instrumental error, personal error systematic error, cumulative error, random error, accidental error, compensating error magnitude, constant, variable algebraic sign discrepancy, misclosure precision, the degree of refinement or consistency; accuracy, the absolute nearness ap

35、ply correction, made correction conform to mathematical and physical laws, obey the law of probability, laws of combinations and permutations reduce, eliminate, eradicate, cancel, cast out, discard 4、詞匯擴充與辨析 stem from, be caused by, result from, arise from out of plumb, out of adjustment interpolate, interpolation formula, formulae illustrate, illustration chance, probabilityUnit Nine Basic Statistical Analysis of Random Errors 2.5學時本單元的重點難點： 1、非限制性定語從句A characteristic theor