定稿主謂一致

1、高考主謂一致主謂一致是指英語中謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須和主語保持一致。主謂一致是歷年高考試題中的一個(gè)重要測(cè)試點(diǎn)。它主要以單項(xiàng)填空的形式來測(cè)試語法一致（含整體和個(gè)體等概念）的原則，意義一致的原則和就近一致的原則同時(shí)還涉及動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和修飾等。自我檢測(cè)：1. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered2. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A

2、. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 3. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A.

3、is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 5. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are就近原則1. 由并列結(jié)構(gòu)或連詞（eitheror， neithernor，notbut， not onlybut also， or等）連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近的那個(gè)名詞或代詞保持一致。例句：Neither his pare

4、nts nor Tom is at home. Note：“eitheror, neithernor, or”連接的兩個(gè)主語若是一單一復(fù)，最好將復(fù)數(shù)主詞放在后面而接復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。2. 在倒裝句和there be句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞與后面的第一個(gè)主語保持一致。例句：There is a book and some pens on the desk. There comes the bus. 3. 在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞保持一致。例句：I know the man who is talking to my father.4. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，連接代詞又在句中作主語，這時(shí)它

5、應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。例句：It is Marys brother who was injured in the car accident.即時(shí)訓(xùn)練：1. Not only I but also Jane and Marry _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be2. There _ Id like to answer this evening.A. are one or two letters B. has one or two lettersC. is one or two let

6、ters D. have one or two letters3. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 4. Only one of the students who _ present_ to speak at the meeting .A. is, is B. are, are C. are , is D. is, are5.It was Mary and James that_ standing behind the counter.A. are B. is C. was D. w

7、ere6. Its not you but Mr. Anderson who _ to answer _ the incident.A. are, for B. were, to C. is, for D. was , backTips one or two days :復(fù)謂a day or two: 單謂one of + 復(fù)名 + who/ which + 復(fù)謂the only one of + 復(fù)名 + who/ which + 單謂意義一致原則1. 當(dāng)主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間插入along with，with，as well as，together with， no less than，bes

8、ides，except， but， including等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞不受這些插入語的干擾，依然和主語保持一致。例句：I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 2. 英語中有一類單、復(fù)數(shù)同型的詞（people，means，sheep，deer，fish等），其單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于它在句中的含義。例句：All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.3. 多數(shù)情況下，由“what”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞

9、通常用單數(shù)形式。例句：What I want to say is just “ Take care!”. 4. 當(dāng)主語與all， none， any，some等不定代詞、形容詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體句意，來決定其后的謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。例句：All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.5. “+ (of) +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)描述數(shù)量時(shí)，如果“of”后的名詞為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例句：Most of the water here is clean. 80% cotton has bee

10、n sent to America. Half of the apples are red.6. 詞組“a number of， a great/good many， a group of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；如果冠詞a變?yōu)閠he，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例句： A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war. The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 7. 英語的集體名詞（committee, crowd, family, public, gro

11、up, party, team, class, club, company, union等詞），指代“整體”時(shí)為單數(shù)；指代“其中的各成員”則為復(fù)數(shù)。例句：My family was very poor when I was a little girl. My family are all looking forward for your coming. 即時(shí)訓(xùn)練：1. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were2. How and why he _ come to Princeton, New Jersey _ a

12、 story of struggle, success and sadness. A. hadwas B. had are C. had has d. had have3. It is said the police _ trying their best to catch the murderer. A. have B. has C. is D. are4. The Chinese _ hard-working.A. be B. being C. is D. are 5. About 85 percent of the students _ good, and part of them _

13、interested in biology. A. is, are B. are, are C. are, is D. is, is6. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were整體原則1. 從句、不定式、動(dòng)名詞等作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞一律視作一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例句：When to leave has not been decided. Go shop

14、ping on Sunday is one of his habits. Note：如果主語是兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)的名詞性從句，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。例句：What he said and what he did were always different2. 如果兩個(gè)以上的名詞組成一個(gè)整體概念作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞須用單數(shù)。例句： The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year. The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.3. 專用名詞，如：書名、劇名、報(bào)刊名、國家（組織）名等，

15、通常作單數(shù)用。例句：The United States was found it 1776.4. 表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時(shí)，通常被視作整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例句：10 minutes is enough.5.加減乘除等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。例句：2 times 3 makes 6. 即時(shí)訓(xùn)練：1. I told him what I was surprised _ his attitude towards his study. A. is B. was C. at is D. at was2. What he says and what he does _ .A. is

16、not agree B. are not agree C. does not agree D. do not agree3. Bread and butter _ a kind of food. A. is B. are C. am D. be4. His “Selected Poems” _ first published in 1965.A. were B. was C. has been D. were5. Six times seven_ forty-two.A. are B. is C. have D. was6. Twenty-five years _since I graduat

17、ed from college.A. pass B. passed C. has passed D. have passed個(gè)體原則1. and連結(jié)的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)主語前如果有each, every, no等修飾語時(shí)（后面的一個(gè)有時(shí)也可省略），后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句：Every man and every woman is busy at working. 2. 英語句中的each， either， neither等詞，既可作代詞充當(dāng)主語，又可作形容詞修飾主語，這時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞一律用單數(shù)。例句：Neither of us has been abroad. 3. 由some, any ever

18、y, no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例句：Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate. 4. many a / more than one + 單數(shù)名詞，一般接單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。例句：Many a man does not understand Einsteins relativity.5. “one and a half + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。例句：One and a half hours has passed. 6. 成雙成對(duì)出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名

19、詞（glasses， scissors， shoes， trousers，pants，gloves，stockings等）作主語時(shí)，通常謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，但如果前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等詞語時(shí)，則謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。例句：A pair of scissors is useful tool for a dressmaker.7. 以“-s”結(jié)尾的“復(fù)數(shù)”名詞（例如；一些學(xué)科名詞mathematics， physics， politics等），或以“-s”結(jié)尾的地點(diǎn)名詞、人名等詞后面的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。例句：Mathematics is my favorite

20、 subject.即時(shí)訓(xùn)練：1. Every means _ tried but without much result.A. have been B. had C. has D. has been 2. No boy and no girl _ waiting for the bus.A. are B. be C. were D. is 3. Many a student _ in the exam.A. have failed B. had been failed C. has failed D. will be failed4. A pair of broken glasses _ on the desk.A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are layingk.A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying5. The Times_ a newspaper for the British government. A. are B. be C. were D. is 補(bǔ)充謂語動(dòng)詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)的8種情