no more than的用法

1、英譯漢中常見(jiàn)的重要短語(yǔ)及典型句型1.(1) . not so much. as (but) .  與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)(2) . not so much that.as (but) that.  與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)(3) . not so much as. (=not even)  甚至于不，連也不(4) . might as well . as.    與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)例1：He is not so much a teacher as a scholar. 譯文：與其說(shuō)他是老師，還不如說(shuō)是學(xué)者（注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象）例2：It wasn'

2、;t so much his appearance I liked as his personality. 譯文：與其說(shuō)我喜歡他的外表，不如說(shuō)我喜歡他的品格。例3：It's not so much that I don't want to come but I just haven't got the time.譯文：倒不是因?yàn)槲也幌雭?lái)，而是我根本沒(méi)有時(shí)間。例4：He didn't so much as say thank you after all we'd done for him.譯文：我們?yōu)樗闪四敲炊嗍拢踔吝B謝謝都沒(méi)有說(shuō)一聲。例5：You

3、might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.譯文：與其將錢(qián)借給他，還不如把錢(qián)丟進(jìn)大海。（注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象） 注意：more . than .  1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說(shuō)喬治言行放肆，不如說(shuō)他聰穎過(guò)人。以上第1)句是more. than結(jié)構(gòu)的一般用法，即在兩個(gè)不同的事物之間就同一方面作比較；而第2)句是就同一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)不同方面作比

4、較。因此要譯成“與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)”。more.than結(jié)構(gòu)在上述1) 2)兩句中的用法也適用于less . than結(jié)構(gòu)，得出相反的含義：例如：1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 與其說(shuō)約翰膽大，不如說(shuō)他腦子靈活。2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 與其說(shuō)喬治聰穎過(guò)人，不如說(shuō)他言行放肆。2幾個(gè)不定代詞的固定搭配：have none of: 不參加；不準(zhǔn)；不接受I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法！He was offered

5、 a job but he said hed have none of it. 他有一個(gè)工作機(jī)會(huì)，但他說(shuō)他不接受。none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only) None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。She chose none but the best. 她只選最好的。 She is nothing but a child. 她只不過(guò)是個(gè)孩子。none other than: （表示驚訝）不是別人，正是 (= no one else but)Its none other than Tom! We though

6、t you were in Africa.none the +比較級(jí)詞+ for: 毫不，一點(diǎn)也不He spent 2 weeks in hospital but hes none the better for it. 他在醫(yī)院里待了兩個(gè)星期，但一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)好轉(zhuǎn)。My car is none the worse for wear. 我的車(chē)子一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有損耗。none the wiser: 不知情 If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.如果我們只拿一小塊蛋糕，母親是不會(huì)知道的。none too: (在形容詞或副

7、詞前) 不太；一點(diǎn)都不The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 這家旅館的服務(wù)一點(diǎn)效率都沒(méi)有。anything but: 除-之外什么都（此處的but等于except）決不(=not at all)I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了魚(yú)，我什么都吃。She is anything but a good cook. 她決不是個(gè)好廚師。(即：除了好廚師，她什么都是。)anything of: （疑問(wèn)句/條件句）一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)；（否定句）一點(diǎn)也（沒(méi)有）Is he anything of a poet? 他有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)詩(shī)人

8、的樣子嗎？I havent seen anything of him lately. 最近我沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。for anything: (否定句)（給什么都）不，決不 I wont go there for anything. 我決不去那里。or anything: （意味著還有其他的可能性）If Bernard wants to call me or anything, Ill be here all day. 如果伯納德要找我或什么的，我整天都會(huì)在這兒。if anything: 若有任何不同的話(huà)If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.

9、 要說(shuō)有什么不同的話(huà)，我的新工作反而比舊工作要難些。or something: 或什么的（表示說(shuō)話(huà)者不能肯定） She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。something like: 有點(diǎn)像，大約 An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飛船的形狀有點(diǎn)像雪茄。something of a.: 多少有點(diǎn)，有幾分像，略懂 hes something of a book collector. 他有幾分像書(shū)籍收藏家。something to / in: （敘述等）有些道理Theres something t

10、o / in what you say; Ill take your advice. 你說(shuō)的有些道理，我會(huì)接受你的建議have / be something to do with: 與有關(guān)I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.我想蓋佛克跟圖謀炸毀橋梁有關(guān)。nothing but (= none but = only): 僅僅，只不過(guò)We could see nothing but fog. 除了霧之外我們什么也看不見(jiàn)。for nothing: 免費(fèi)的； 徒勞的； 無(wú)緣無(wú)故的

11、She got the ticket for nothing. 她免費(fèi)得到那張票。All our preparation for nothing! No ones even come to the party. 我們?yōu)檠鐣?huì)所作的準(zhǔn)備都白費(fèi)了! 連一個(gè)人都沒(méi)來(lái)。 They quarreled for nothing. 他們無(wú)緣無(wú)故地爭(zhēng)吵。make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解；不重視,輕視 (= think nothing of)I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解這篇文章。He makes / thinks nothing o

12、f working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小時(shí)。to say nothing of: 更不用說(shuō)（= not to mention / without mentioning）Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building. 三個(gè)人受了重傷，建筑物的損害更不用說(shuō)了。have nothing to do with: 與無(wú)關(guān) I have nothing to do with the accident. 我與這場(chǎng)事故無(wú)關(guān)。nothing if not: 格外地；非常地 (= ve

13、ry / much / extremely)He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聰明。nothing of: 無(wú)的部分；無(wú)的氣質(zhì)There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的舉止根本沒(méi)有淑女的氣質(zhì)。 區(qū)別：all but 幾乎，差一點(diǎn)，除以外其余都是 but for要不是 but that+從句：若不是例1：She all but fainted when she heard the news. 譯文：她聽(tīng)到這一消息時(shí)幾乎暈倒了。注：此句中a11 but意

14、為nearly，almost。試對(duì)比： All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting譯文：除了小孩，大家都認(rèn)為這次旅行是激動(dòng)人心的。 此句中all but意為a11 except。例2：But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey. 譯文：要不是下雨，我們的旅行本來(lái)是愉快的。例3：He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.譯文：若不是他那時(shí)缺錢(qián)，他是會(huì)幫助我們的。注1)

15、but that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。2)but that有靈活的譯法。如：Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap(那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在懷里。) 3“名詞+or+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語(yǔ)，應(yīng)譯為“即；或者稱(chēng)”例1：Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply t

16、hem.譯文：再者，除機(jī)器外技術(shù)還包括技藝，即制作方法，而動(dòng)用這些技藝并不一定都需要機(jī)器。    4“only + to do”意為“，結(jié)果卻”，即表示與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的目的相反的結(jié)果。例1: They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, onlyto discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing. 譯文：他們不必花錢(qián)去戲院、電影院或歌劇院買(mǎi)價(jià)格很貴的票，（如果去了，）結(jié)果卻可能發(fā)現(xiàn)，

17、所演的節(jié)目令人失望。    例2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled. 譯文：他們匆匆忙忙趕到那兒，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)議被取消了。5not more / -er than 與 no more / -er than 結(jié)構(gòu)比較： John is not better than Tom. 與 John is no better than Tom.前一句表示“約翰不比湯姆好”，屬于普通的比較結(jié)構(gòu)；后一例用了no 情況就不同了。no better than 相當(dāng)于as bad as，含義是兩人一樣壞。這里，“

18、no + 形容詞或副詞比較級(jí) + than”所表示的可以說(shuō)是該形容詞或副詞的反意。 例如： no richer than = as poor as  和一樣窮no bigger than = as small as 和一樣小 no later than = as early as   和一樣早同樣地： I have not taken more than six courses this semester.I have taken no more than six courses this semester.前一句的含義是本學(xué)期選的課不多于六門(mén)；后一句的含義是只選

19、了六門(mén)。強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”。上述結(jié)構(gòu)與表示前后都否定的no more.than (= not.any more than)又有所不同：例：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.（鯨和馬同樣不是魚(yú)。）另外，在某些結(jié)構(gòu)中，單獨(dú)使用more than 也能表示否定概念：例1：That is more than I can tell. 我簡(jiǎn)直不能說(shuō)。例2：My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不僅僅是旅游觀(guān)光而已。6no more.than. (= not.any more than) 和樣都不(表示前后

20、都否定)例1：The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.  心臟和胃一樣都無(wú)智力可言，因?yàn)樗鼈兌际怯纱竽X控制的。例2：There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink   譯文：他們沒(méi)有理由限制你服用多少維他命，就像他們不能限制你喝多少水一

21、樣。例3：More and more Afro-Americans see him as a tricky enemy who has no more love for them than he has for the Congolese譯文：越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)黑人認(rèn)識(shí)到他是個(gè)詭計(jì)多端的敵人。他仇視美國(guó)黑人，正像他仇視剛果人民一樣。(直譯：，他不愛(ài)美國(guó)黑人，正像他不愛(ài)剛果人一樣。)注釋?zhuān)簄ot.any more than是no more.than的一種強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。例如： 1) Jack is no more intelligent than John. (=Jack is not intellige

22、nt any more than John.)杰克與約翰一樣都不聰明。2) A man can no more fly than a bird can speak. (=A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak.) 人不會(huì)飛翔，就像鳥(niǎo)不會(huì)說(shuō)話(huà)一樣。3) As a nation, the French are no more eager to 1earn about their wartime failings than are the Japanese. (=As a nation，the French are not eager to l

23、earn about their wartime failings any more than are the Japanese.) 作為一個(gè)國(guó)家，法國(guó)正如日本一樣不積極地從他們的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。上述例句表明，no more.than并不表示比較，而是表示比喻，含有比喻意義的比較級(jí)用于否定時(shí)，than后面的從句不用否定式，但譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)要用否定式。而與上述句型意義相反的是：no less.than，意為：“和同樣是”。例如： Human is no less an animal than a monkey is. 人和猴都是動(dòng)物。而no less than 的意思為：“簡(jiǎn)直是，實(shí)在是”，例如

24、：1) It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. 如此索要高價(jià)，簡(jiǎn)直是敲詐。2) It is no less than a scandal. 這實(shí)在是一件丑聞。7not nearly (=by no means，far from) 遠(yuǎn)不例1: The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and mark

25、eting food.  譯文：食品供應(yīng)將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)趕不上人口的增長(zhǎng)，這就意味著我們?cè)诩Z食的生產(chǎn)和購(gòu)銷(xiāo)方面正面臨危機(jī)。    注：1) this是指上面提到的“到21世紀(jì)初世界人口將增加到60億或70億”。2) 又如：There are not nearly enough people here to do the job(這里的人手遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)工作。)8“更不用說(shuō)”的表示法： much less still less以上兩短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的詞組或從句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little的比較級(jí)，所以這兩個(gè)詞組只能用于否定句中，可譯為“更不用說(shuō)，更不必

26、常見(jiàn)看的比較gaze v.凝視，注視，指由于好奇、感嘆、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看。 She gazed at her beautiful new diamond ring.她凝視著自己的這顆美麗嶄新的鉆戒。 gape v. (張著嘴、瞪大眼睛)呆看，強(qiáng)調(diào)一種吃驚的狀態(tài)。 The children gaped at the big elephant in the zoo.在動(dòng)物園，孩子們張大了嘴巴呆呆地看著大象。 glance v. (粗略地、隨便地)一瞥，看一眼。 He glanced over the letter he had just received.他把剛收到的那封信粗略地看了一遍。 gl

27、are v.怒目而視，強(qiáng)調(diào)懷有敵意或在氣憤的情緒下看；眩目地照射。 The woman glared at the man after he shouted rudely at her.那男人粗暴地沖她大聲喊叫，她也怒目而視。 glimpse v.與glance意思相近，短促地看一眼，一瞥。 peer v.指瞇起眼睛仔細(xì)看，尤指看不清楚的情況下；費(fèi)力地看，凝視。 Being somewhat short-sighted, she has the habit of peering at people.因?yàn)橛悬c(diǎn)近視，她有瞇著眼睛看人的習(xí)慣。 peep v.窺視，偷看。 The mother pee

28、ped into the bedroom to see if her child was asleep.母親偷偷向臥室看了一下，看她的孩子是否睡著了。 stare v.凝視，盯著，指由于好奇、驚訝、贊嘆等原因而瞪大眼睛長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地、直接地注視常常含有粗魯無(wú)禮的意思。 I told my son to stop staring at that fat woman; it wasn't nice.我告訴兒子不要盯著那個(gè)胖女人，那樣看人不禮貌。笑的比較beam v.本義指照耀，放光，引申為"微笑"，是正式用語(yǔ)（書(shū)面用詞），指人因心情舒暢而發(fā)出的笑，指面帶喜悅或笑容，即喜形于色地笑。暗示對(duì)他人的友好或內(nèi)心的滿(mǎn)足。She beamed with happiness.她高興得眉開(kāi)眼笑。chuckle v. (書(shū)面語(yǔ))吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，低聲、輕聲笑，多指因得意或領(lǐng)會(huì)到某事中的趣味而暗自發(fā)笑。She does not laugh out loud