外研社必修五詞匯講解

1、必修五 Module 5 教案New words：1. perform vt.& vi. 1）上演；扮演；演奏 When will the play be performed? 那出戲何時(shí)上演 Im looking forward to seeing you perform.我期待著看你演出。2）履行，實(shí)行；完成；履行perform an experiment/operation 做實(shí)驗(yàn)/手術(shù)perform ones duty/promise履行職責(zé)/諾言The students are performing an experiment. 學(xué)生們正在做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。He is sure t

2、o perform his promise. 他肯定會(huì)履行諾言。3）（機(jī)器等）運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)The engine seems to be performing well. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)似乎運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。performance n表演；表現(xiàn)；性能；執(zhí)行；履行g(shù)ive a performance 演出put on performances 演出They will give a performance/put on performances at the theater.他們將在那家劇院演出。performer n表演者2. advantage C；U 優(yōu)勢(shì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長(zhǎng)處，有利條件 disadvantage n(反義詞)

3、不利條件1)take advantage of對(duì)加以利用；乘機(jī)利用 take (full) advantage ofmake full use ofmake the best of2) win/have/get/gain an/the advantage over/of 勝過(guò)；優(yōu)于 (P42)and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals-they were cheaper.3) to ones advantage 對(duì)某人有利4) be of advantage to 對(duì)有利Take advantage of clas

4、s time，or you will miss most of what the teacher says.利用好課堂上的時(shí)間，要不然你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)老師講的內(nèi)容。Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over the other applicants for the job. 她的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷使她比起其他求職者具有更大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。Yao Ming has an advantage over other players in playing basketball.姚明在打籃球方面比其他選手更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。It would be to your advant

5、age to prepare questions in advance.事先把問(wèn)題準(zhǔn)備好肯定會(huì)對(duì)你有利。3. guarantee (P42) The success for Li Ning was guaranteed, and it came quickly.1) guarantee vt. 擔(dān)保；保證；允諾；n.擔(dān)保物；抵押物；保證書(shū)guarantee sb. sth. /guarantee sth. to sb.向某人保證某事guarantee to do sth. 保證做某事guarantee sth.(to be).保證(是)guarantee that. 保證guarantee s

6、b./sth. against/from保證不受/免遭be guaranteed to do sth. 保證做某事2)give/offer/provide a guarantee 提供擔(dān)保under guarantee在保修期內(nèi)eg.1)Take this opportunity，and I guarantee that you wont regret.抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我保證你不會(huì)后悔的。2)We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我們保證一周內(nèi)交貨。3)That kind of behavior is guaranteed to mak

7、e him angry.那樣的行為肯定會(huì)讓他生氣。4)My watch is still under guarantee，so theyll repair it for free.我的表還在保修期內(nèi)，他們會(huì)免費(fèi)給我修理。5)He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.他向我們保證這種事情決不會(huì)再發(fā)生。4.score n. 1)二十(twenty)（單復(fù)同） a ( three) score, three score and ten a (three) score of people, three score of eggssc

8、ores of 許多 scores of years 許多年dozen n. 一打,十二個(gè) (不加s) a dozen, three dozen 可由many, several, how many 修飾，但不加-s也不加of a (three, several, many) dozen books They sold three dozen copies of the magazine. 當(dāng)dozen 后接these, those, them, us時(shí)，先加of再接這些詞 two dozen of those books two dozen of them be sold by the doz

9、en dozens of 許多 dozens of books, dozen of them2）n.(游戲或比賽)得分，比分；(考試)分?jǐn)?shù)；keep score記分The score is 2-4.vi.& vt.得分，評(píng)分，記分；二十score a goal進(jìn)球score full marks得滿分score a success/victory取得成功/勝利5. declare v宣告，宣布，聲明declare for/against sth.表態(tài)支持/反對(duì)某事declare oneself表明自己的立場(chǎng)或意向declare peace宣布和平declare sth./sb.(to

10、be)adj. 宣布為declare that.宣布，宣稱declare war on/against.對(duì)宣戰(zhàn)declare the meeting open宣布開(kāi)會(huì)declare/announce/claim辨析1) declare指正式宣布，當(dāng)眾宣布。通常指官方正式公布、宣告事情。The results of the election will be declared soon. 選舉結(jié)果很快就會(huì)公布。2) announce指預(yù)告性地宣布或公開(kāi)宣告大家關(guān)心的事情。The teacher announced in the class that the winter holidays woul

11、d begin on January 28. 老師在班上宣布元月28日放寒假。3) claim多指根據(jù)權(quán)利宣稱，聲稱。Doctors claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.醫(yī)生們聲稱已找到該疾病的治療方法。announce 和declare 語(yǔ)義相近，但結(jié)構(gòu)有區(qū)別。 announce 后接名詞或代詞或that賓語(yǔ)從句，而declare除接上面結(jié)構(gòu)以外還可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等結(jié)構(gòu)。 declare在語(yǔ)義上還有些特殊的用法。試比較下列句型。 1)Soon Germany declared war on France. 不久德國(guó)對(duì)法宣戰(zhàn)。(不用a

12、nnounce) 2)The bell announced the end of the class. 下課鈴響了。(非正式，不用declare) 3)The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment. 委員會(huì)宣布了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。declare：1)All the people declared against the war. 所有的人聲明反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。2)She declared herself extremely hurt by his lack of support.她說(shuō)自己非常傷心，因?yàn)闆](méi)有得到他的支持。3)The

13、y declared the results of the election. 他們宣布了選舉結(jié)果。4)I declared at the meeting that I did not support him. 我在會(huì)上聲明我不支持他。Phrases:1. 1)on the increase正在增加=on the rise在增加 (opp)on the decrease在減少(P42)The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase and sport had never been so popular.2)i

14、ncrease by 增加了倍;百分之increase to 增加到 a. Crime in big cities is on the increase.大城市里的犯罪率呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。b. The number of smokers in our country is on the rise. 我國(guó)煙民數(shù)量在增長(zhǎng)。c. The number of the students in our class increased by ten this year.今年我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)目增加了十人2. rise to ones feet站起來(lái)The headmaster rose to his feet to

15、welcome me.校長(zhǎng)站起身來(lái)歡迎我。He rose to his feet and left the room without a word.他站起身一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)就離開(kāi)了那個(gè)房間。He tried to struggle to his feet，but in vain.他試圖掙扎著站起來(lái)，但是徒勞。Now that you have been an adult，you must learn to stand on your own feet.既然你已經(jīng)是一個(gè)成人了，你必須學(xué)會(huì)自立。Hearing the news，he jumped to his feet with joy.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息

16、，他高興地跳了起來(lái)。Patterns1. 1）be up to sb.是的職責(zé)/責(zé)任；由決定Its up to you to decide to eat out or at home.由你來(lái)決定我們是到外面吃飯還是在家里吃。2）做/干(不好的事)The children are very quiet. I wonder what they are up to.孩子們很安靜，我不知道他們?cè)诟闶裁垂怼?）能勝任；適合He is not really up to the job. 他并不能真正勝任這項(xiàng)工作。4）直到Up to now, she has written four books. 到目前為

17、止，她已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了四部書(shū)了。2. If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.如果你走進(jìn)任何一個(gè)地方的中學(xué)或大學(xué)校園，都有可能看到身穿印有那個(gè)熟悉標(biāo)志的李寧運(yùn)動(dòng)服的學(xué)生們。（p42）(The) Chances are (that). 意為“很可能”，句型中的the和that都可省略。表達(dá)此意時(shí)還可用There is a chance that.。1) (The) Chances ar

18、e (that) we will win easily. 我們很可能會(huì)輕易取勝。 2)The chances are a hundred to one that he will win. 他獲勝的可能性只有百分之一。3)There is a chance that I will see him these days. 這幾天我有可能見(jiàn)到他。4)Tonight is your last chance to catch the play at the local theatre.今晚是你在本地劇院看這出戲的最后一次機(jī)會(huì)。5)We took a chance on the weather and planned to have the party outside.我們懷著天氣可能會(huì)好的僥幸心理籌劃到戶外聚會(huì)。歸納拓展The chances are (that).很可能There