英語句子種類概述練習(xí)及答案

1、英語句子種類概述練習(xí)及答案L按使用目的，句子可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。1)陳述句(DeclarativeSentences)：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。例如:Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比聲傳播速度快。(說明事實)Thefilmisratherboring.這部電影很乏味。(說明看法)2)疑問句(InterrogativeSentences)：提出問題。有以下四種:a.一般疑問句(GeneralQuestions)：Canyoufinishtheworkintime?你能按時完成工作嗎?b.特殊疑問句(Wh-Questions)：Wheredoyou

2、live?你住那兒？c.選擇疑問句(AlternativeQuestions)：Doyouwantteaorcoffee?你是要茶還是要咖啡？d.反意疑問句(Tag-Questions)：Hedoesn'tknowher,doeshe?他不認(rèn)識她,對不對？3)祈使句(ImperativeSentences)：提出請求,建議或發(fā)出命令。例如：Don'tbenervous!別緊張！4)感嘆句(ExclamatorySentences)：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒。例如：Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息?。? .句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為以下三類：1)簡單句(Simple

3、Sentences)：只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)句子叫簡單句。例如：Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜歡集郵。2)并列句(CompoundSentences)：包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接。例如:Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很精美,但他卻沒什么胃口。3)復(fù)合句(ComplexSentences)：包含一個主句和一個或兒個從句的句子叫復(fù)合句,從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。例如：Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我們到達(dá)電影院的時候，電影已經(jīng)開演了。3

4、 .基本句型：英語中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由以下五種基本句型組合、擴(kuò)展、變化而來的：1）主動(SV)例如：Iwork.我工作。2)主+動+表(SVP)例如：Johnisbusy.約翰忙。3)主+動賓(SVO)例如：ShestudiesEnglish.她學(xué)英語。4)主+動+賓+補(bǔ)(SVOC)例如：Timewouldprovemeright.時間會證明我是對的。5）主+動+間賓+直賓（SVOiOd）例如：Mymothermademeanewdress.我母親給我做了一件新衣裳。第二十二章簡單句和并列句一概念（一）簡單句由一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）所構(gòu)成的句子叫簡單句，其結(jié)構(gòu)

5、是主語+謂語。（二）并列句由并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上的互相關(guān)連而乂互相獨(dú)立的獨(dú)句（即簡單句）連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子叫并列句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句常用的連詞有and,but,ornotonly.butalso,neither.nor,either.or二.相關(guān)知識點(diǎn)精講（一）簡單句1 .主語、謂語在人稱與數(shù)上的一致性。and連接兩個并列主語時為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞也相應(yīng)地使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但:(1)如果and連接的兩個名詞是不可數(shù)名詞且前面都沒有冠詞，若兩個詞表示一個事物或一個概念，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)；如果兩個詞表示的是兩個事物或兩個概念，謂語動詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)。(2)如果and連接的是兩個可數(shù)單數(shù)

6、名詞，前一個有冠詞，后一個沒有冠詞，意味著一個人或事物，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。(3)當(dāng)and連接的兩個名詞前都有each,every,manya,no等單數(shù)概念的限定詞修飾時(第二個名詞前的修飾詞有時可以省略)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。2 .陳述句與疑問句的轉(zhuǎn)換。3 .選擇疑問句。4 .反意疑問句。(1)陳述句+省略問句(2)祈使句+附加疑問句(1)反意疑問句的回答(二)并列句并列句分為:聯(lián)合并列句，轉(zhuǎn)折并列句，選擇并列句和因果并列句1 .聯(lián)合并列句常由并列詞and,notonly.butalso.等連接如:Useyourhand,andyouTllfindaway.2 .轉(zhuǎn)折并列句常由并列連詞but,

7、while,yet,whereas,nevertheless等連接如Jwouldlovetohavegonetothe注:2,3,4點(diǎn)內(nèi)容不在這里介紹，講參閱相關(guān)章節(jié)partylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.3 .選擇疑問句常由并列連詞o，otherwise,eitheor,等連接如:Eitheryouleavethishouseorrilcallthepolice4 .因果并列句由并列連詞so,for,therefore等連接.如:itwaslate,sowewenthome.5 .在"祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)

8、構(gòu)中，當(dāng)前后兩部分間為承接關(guān)系時，用and；前后意思為相反關(guān)系時，用。匚可將前面的祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換成由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，但必須將and或o去掉.如:Hurryup,andwellbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,wellbethereintime.6 .because和so；although,though和but不能連用三.鞏固練習(xí)1.Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,?A.doIB.don'tIC.willtheyD.won'tthey2.helpifyoucan,andourcountrywillimprovemo

9、requicklyandbetter.A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive3. Lucy,youwashthedishes,?Mom,can'tLilydoit?Ifsherturntodoit.A.don'tyouB.canyouC.shallyouD.willyou4. Iwillnottakeanumbrellawithmetoday.itrainslateronintheday?A.HowB.WhatC.HowaboutD.Whatif5. Yououghttostayuplatetonight,you?Yes.Tvegottoomuchhomew

10、ork.?A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.won't6. Nothingcanstopusfromservingthepeopleheartandsoul,A.canitB.can'titC.cantheyD.can'tthey7. Thereusedtobeachurchinthesmalltown,?A.usedthereB.usedn'tthereC.useditD.usedn'tit8. Sheisn'tyourneighbour,isshe?A.Yes,sheisn'tB.No,

11、sheisC.Yes,sheisD.No,isn'tshe9. tobeaPLAsoldierwhenIwasyoung.Andnowyouare.A.HowIwantedB.HowdidIwantC.WhatIwantedD.WhatdidIwant10. RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthat11. Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfromshe

12、usedtobe.A.thatB.whomC.whatD.who12. isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What13. He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why14.Informationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouni

13、versities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as15.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.what16. ThestudentsofthemusicschoolstudyA. musicbutalsosomeothersubjectsB. someothersubjectsaswellasmusicC. musicaswellassomeothersubjectsD. someothersubjectsandmusic17.a

14、iristoman,soiswatertofish.A.SinceB.JustC.LikeD.As18. Thereisplentyofraininthesouththereislittleinthenorth.A.whileB.asC.whenD.so19. severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.A.BeingaskedB.HavingbeenaskedC.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked20. Idon'tlikechickenfish.Idon'tlikechicken,Ilikef

15、ishverymuch.A.and；andB.and；butC.or；butD.or；and21. thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As22.everybodyishere,letssetoutrightaway.A.NowthatB.BecauseC.ForD.After23. Thescienceofmedicine,progresshasbeenveryrapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.A.towhichB.inwhichC

16、.whichD.withwhich24. WemustdotheexperimentcarefullyMissLiutoldus.A.whatB.sinceC.asD.while25. TonywillneverforgetthesedaysshelivedinChinawithhermother,hasagreateffectonherlife.A.that；whichB.when；whichC.which：thatD.when；that26. Iknow,theywillgotoBeijingtowatchtheOlympicGamesin2008.A.SinceB.SofarasC.In

17、caseD.Asif27. Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhavefirst,JohnorKate?A.examineB.toexamineC.examiningD.examined28. Whatareyouanxiousabout?A.WhetherwecansucceedB.IfwesucceedC.DowesucceedD.Thatwecansucceed29. Youshouldputthedictionaryyoucanfinditeasily.A.whereB.theplaceC.theplaceonwhichD.whatIknowit.30. Shesai

18、dtome,'TiltellyoutheresultofthetestA.becauseB.themomentC.afterD.though31. Grandpausedtotellussomethingaboutthe“CulturalRevolution”hehadtimetospare.A.assoonasB.asC.sothatD.whenever32. LiFangisverybusy,she'salwayshelpingotherswiththeirlessons.A.butB.althoughC.soD.for33. Gettingarightjobcanbedi

19、fficultthestudentspreparedtodealwiththejobinterview.A.if；won'tB.unless；willC.unless；areD.if：are34. Everythingdependsontheywillsupportyouaboutit.A.ifB.whichC.whetherD.that35. Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestandsurprisedus.A.whichB.itC.asD.who36. TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizesofferedtoanyChines

20、eactororactresssofar.A.whichisnotB.thathavenotbeenC.thathasnotD.thathasnotbeen37. Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis38. Ifsreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,_thebabywillfallintothewell.39. SheisAmerican,sheknowslittleabo

21、utAmericanhistory.A.soB.yetC.andD.therefore40. Informationtechnologyistaughtinmostschools,wehaveenteredtheinformationsociety.A.soB.whileC.stillD.for41. Helenmustobeyherparents.Oh,shemust,?A.mustsheB.mustn'tsheC.shouldn'tsheD.shouldshe42. Johnmustbeinthechemistrylab,?A.mustn'theB.needn'theC.isn'theD.shouldn'the43. ItwasquitealongtimeImadeitoutwhathadhappened.