過去分詞及練習(xí)

1、精選資料，歡迎下載考點(diǎn)一、過去分詞作定語1. 單個過去分詞作定語。單個過去分詞作定語時，常常放在被修飾的詞語之前。例如：Autu mn comes, and there are many falle n leaves on the street.We must adapt our thi nki ng to the chan ged con ditio ns.我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況注意：如果單個過去分詞所修飾的詞語為不定代詞 nothing,anything,something 或指示代詞 those,this,these 等時，過去分詞常常放在被修飾的詞語后面。例如：There

2、 is nothing cha nged in my hometow n since 1999.2. 過去分詞短語作定語。過去分詞短語作定語，常常放在被修飾的詞語之后，其作用相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。 例如： Most of the guests in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds. = Most of the guests who were in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds.The concert give n by their friends was

3、a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會大為成功 .3. 過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號 .The meeti ng, atte nded by over five thousa nd people, welcomed the great hero.他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會 ,到會的有五千多人 .4. 用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，這種過去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān) .The boy looked up with a pleased expressio n.男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視 注意區(qū)別 :1.非謂語動詞的被動式作定

4、語的三種形式：the bridge to be built（表示將來的被動的動作）將要建造的橋（表示正在進(jìn)行的被動動the bridge bei ng built正在建造的橋the bridge built造好的橋 （表示完成的被動動作）2. 過去分詞和 -ing 分詞作定語的區(qū)別： 過去分詞作定語和 -ing 分詞作定語有一定的區(qū)別。試比較下面幾組短語 : boiled water 開水 boiling water 正沸騰的水 developed coun tries 發(fā)展的國家develop ing coun發(fā)展中國家falle n leaves 落葉 falli ng leaves ch

5、atries 正在飄落的nged con diti on改變了的情況 葉子 變化著的情況由此可見，過去分詞作定語通常表示完成 -ing 分詞作定語可以表示正在進(jìn)行的主動的動作 的或被動的動作；而考點(diǎn)二、過去分詞作表語1. 過去分詞用作表語時，通常說明主語所處的狀態(tài)或感受等。例如： I noticed the doors and windows were locked when I came to see him. She seemed terribly shocked upon hearing the sad news.過去分詞和 -ing 分詞作表語的區(qū)別： 過去分詞作表語通常表示主語所處的

6、狀態(tài)或感受，修飾人；而 -ing 分詞作表語多表示主語所具有的特征，修飾 物.如： Heari ng the news, we felt very surprised.聽到那個消息，我們感到很驚訝The n ews is very surpris ing.這個消息很令人驚訝。They were frighte ned to hear the frighte ning sound.他們聽至 U 那可怕的聲音很害怕?？粗?U 這么動人的情景，At the sight of the moving scene, all the people prese nt were moved to tears.所

7、有在場的人都感動得流下了眼淚。英語中這樣的分詞還有很多，如：amus ing, amused; en courag ing, en couraged; disappo in ti ng,disappo in ted;excit ing, excited; puzzli ng,puzzled; satisfy ing, satisfied;worryi ng, worried;tiri ng,tired;pleas ing, pleased; in terest in g, i nterested; ast onishing, ast oni shed等。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：1The water in t

8、his glass is too hot.I prefer some coldwater.A. to boil B. hav ing boiledCboiled D. boili ng2The problem justis an importa nt on e.A. to be referredto B. referred toC.referri ngt D. referred oA man was killed. Where is the body of the man? A. murder B. murderedC.murderi ng D.hav ingmurdere d4. China

9、 Daily, first in 1980, is very popular with stude nts of En glish in China.A. published B. was published C. hav ing published D. hav ing bee n published5. The great hall was crowded with many people, many childrenon their parents laps.A. in clud ing; seated B. in clud ing; seat ing C. in clud ing; s

10、atD. in cluded; sitti ng6. How did Bob do in the exam this time?Well, his father seems with his results. A. pleas ing B. please C. pleased D. toplease7. Prices of daily goods through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. bee n bought D. buying8. What's the main pur

11、pose of tonight' s meeting?We are going to talk about the problem at the last meeting.A. discussed B. discuss ing C. being discussed D. hav ing discussed9. The first textbooksfor teaching English as a foreign Ianguage came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being writt

12、en D. written10. How do you deal with the disagreeme nt betwee n the compa ny and the customers?The keytheproblem is to meet the dema nd by the customers.A. to solvi ng; mak ing B. to solvi ng; made C. to solve; mak ingD. to solve; made Key: 15 CBBAA610 CBADB考點(diǎn)三過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示賓語是過去分詞動作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系:

13、have, make, get, keep, leave等。明天我要理發(fā)。常見的情況有及物動詞的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語， 下列幾種：一、表示“致使”意義的動詞。如 (1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.（2） He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.（3） Don't leave those things undone.他昨天把牙拔了。要把那些事情做完。他設(shè)法按時完成了任務(wù)。(4) He managed to get the task finished on time. 注意：使役動詞 have 接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)

14、有兩種情況。 主語讓別人做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的意志。如：He had his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天理發(fā)了。 Later on thecenter had a great many new trees planted.后來， 這個中心讓人種了很多樹。 主語遭到某種不幸或陷入惡劣的環(huán)境，說明賓語的一種無意識的被動行為。如：He had his leg broken in the match last month.他在上星期的比賽中摔斷了腿。He had one eye lost in the war. 在戰(zhàn)爭中，他失去了一只眼睛。【高考鏈接】 in a short1. Jen

15、ny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English period. ( 福建卷 )A. improvedB. improving C. to improveD. improve2. Helen had to shout above the sound of the music. （ 全國 II 卷 ）A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard二、表示

16、感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞 . 如 : see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think ， find 等。 I heard the song sung in English.我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌。He found his hometown greatly changed.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。She saw the wounded man carried into the hospital.她看到這個受傷的男人被抬進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。【高考鏈接】 To learn English well, we should fi

17、nd opportunities to hear English as much as wecan. （ 2008 江蘇卷 ） A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak三、表“希望，要求”的動詞：want, wish, expect, wish, like, order+ （to be ） done如：I want the work （ to be ） finished by Sunday.Jim ordered the room （to be ） cleaned【高考鏈接】She wants her paintings in the gallery

18、, but we don t think they would be very popular. （ 上海）A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed四、with/without+ 賓語 +過去分詞，表示伴隨情況的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。如： With everything taken into consideration, we all think this is a very good plan.每件事都考慮到了，我們都認(rèn)為這是一項不錯的計劃。With different methods used, different results are

19、obtained.采用不同的方法，得到不同的結(jié)果。She went angrily away without a word spoken. 她一個字也沒說，就生氣地走了。The day ended with nothing settled. 那一天什么也沒解決就結(jié)束了。【高考鏈接】1. You have no idea how she finished the relay race her foot wounded so much. （2008福建卷 ）A. forB. when C. with D. while2. John received an invitation to dinner,

20、 and with his work , he gladly accepted it. （ 2007安徽卷 )A. finishedB. finishing C. having finished D. was finished考點(diǎn)四過去分詞作狀語過去分詞和 -ing 分詞作狀語一樣，也可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。 表時間，相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時間概念。如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.從山頂上看，這個城市就像一個大

21、花園。Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入黨以后，他決定獻(xiàn)身于黨的事業(yè)。 表原因，相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。如：Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激動的人們被那個故事深深地感動了，停止了爭吵。Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the

22、struggle.受到了講演的鼓舞，年輕人決定起來從事斗爭。 表條件，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可用 if 等詞。如：Given another chance, he will do better. 再給他一次機(jī)會，他會做得更好。Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比你應(yīng)該更 加努力學(xué)英語。If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加熱，會變成水蒸氣。 表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個 though/although 引

23、導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡他們還是繼續(xù)追趕那個強(qiáng)盜。Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 表方式或伴隨情況。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。那個

24、老人在他的妻子的攙扶下走進(jìn)了房間。我和父親坐在桌子旁邊討論著我的工作問題。過去分詞作狀語應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。一、 過去分詞與句子主語之間的關(guān)系（ 1）過去分詞作狀語表示被動或完成的動作。過去分詞與句子主語之間通常存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。如：Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快?！靖呖兼溄?1 】 not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（ 2009 福建卷 ）A. Reminding B.

25、 Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 【答題指導(dǎo)】分詞在句子中作狀語，分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主 語一致。使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主 語之間的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動賓或被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。比較： Seen from the sky, our city is very beautiful.（ our city與 see 之間是被動關(guān)系 ）Seeing from the sky, we find our city is very beautiful. （ we 與 see 之間是主謂關(guān)系 ）（ 2）有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表

26、被動而表主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：lost （迷路）；seated （坐）；hidden （躲）；lost in （沉迷于.）;dressed in （穿著）。由某些動詞后面加-ed轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞也具有此用法，如 frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。如：Surprised at what had happened, Tom didn' tknow what to do. 湯姆對發(fā)生的一切非常驚訝，以至于不知如何是好?！靖呖兼溄?2】_ _ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were

27、the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.2009 浙江卷 )A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired二、 過去分詞作狀語所表示的意義 過去分詞作狀語時表示時間、條件、原因、讓步時可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的狀語從句；表示方式、 結(jié)果和伴隨時可轉(zhuǎn)化為 并列分句。如：Looked (=If it is looked ) at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. 幅畫似乎要漂亮得多。隔著一段距離看，這The cup fell down to the g

28、round, broken. = The cup fell down to the ground and it was broken.茶杯掉到了地上，碎了。【高考鏈接 3 】 _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. (2009江西卷 ) A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given【高考鏈接 4】 Michael ' s new house is like a huge

29、palace, with his old one. ( 2009A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared重慶卷 )三、 “連詞 +過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu) 根據(jù)主句主語和從句主語一致且從句含有動詞 be 時可省略從句主語和動詞 be 的原則，可把狀語從句變換為 “連 詞 + 過去分詞” 結(jié)構(gòu)。常用的連詞有 if, unless, when, as, once, even if/ even though, as if, though/ although等。如：I won ' t attend his birthday party unle

30、ss invited （=unless I am invited ）. 除非被邀請，否則我不去參加他的生日晚會。 【高考鏈接 5】 Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. （ 2009 湖南卷） A. being tiredB. tiring C. tired D. to be tired四、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由一個名詞或代詞作為邏輯主語 , 加上一個分詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞不定式或介詞短語作為邏輯謂語構(gòu)成 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在形式 上與主句沒有關(guān)系 , 通常被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

31、。（一）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：名詞（代詞）+ 名詞名詞（代詞）+ 現(xiàn)在分詞名詞（代詞）+ 過去分詞名詞（代詞）+ 形容詞名詞（代詞）+ 副詞名詞（代詞）+ 不定式名詞（代詞）+ 介詞短語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要起狀語作用 , 相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句 , 多用來表示行為、方式、伴隨等情況 , 有時也可用來表示時 間、原因、 條件等情況。1 、名詞或代詞主格 + 現(xiàn)在分詞Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.= The winter comes, and it gets colder and colder.The girl staring at him, he d

32、idn' t know what to say. =As the girl stared at him, he didnt knowwhat to sayTime permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.2. 名詞或代詞主格 + 過去分詞The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.實(shí)驗做完了 , 同學(xué)們繼續(xù)在實(shí)驗報告上做記錄。He was listening attentivel

33、y in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.The work done, he went back home.= When the work was done, he went back home.3、名詞或代詞主格 + 形容詞 Computers very small, we can use them widely.電腦雖小 , 我們卻能廣泛地利用它們。 The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly.衣服很臟 , 你快點(diǎn)兒洗洗吧4 、名詞或代詞主格 + 不定式Many tre

34、es, flowers, and grass to be planted, our school will look even more beautiful.種上許多的樹、花和草后，我們新建的學(xué)校看上去將更美。A lot of home work to do, I can' tgo with you. 還有很多作業(yè)要做，我不能和你走。5 、名詞或代詞主格 + 介詞短語我們的英語老師走進(jìn)了教室 , 手里拿 山谷中有一條河 , 河兩岸長滿了鮮花。散會了 , 校長很快就離開了會議室。, 我們不能繼續(xù)工作了。兩百人死于事故，其中有許多兒童 Our English teacher came in

35、to the classroom, papers in hand. 卷。 There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.6 、名詞或代詞主格 + 副詞 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.燈熄了 The lights off, we could not go on with the work.7. 名詞（代詞）+名詞His first shot failure ， he fired again 他第一槍沒擊中，又打了一槍。 Two hund

36、red people died in the accident, many of them children.三、提高練習(xí)1. I ' m going to have my car . A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix2. What ' s the language in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak3. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A. Followed B. Followed

37、by C. Being followed D. having been followed by4. He had his leg in the match yesterday. A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking5. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. beinginvited D. inviting6. more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Gi

38、ven B. To give C. Giving D. Havinggiven7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D.tied8. The computer center, last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. in thought, h

39、e almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. LostD. To lose10. The Olympic Games, in 776BC, didn' t include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first played11. Don ' tget in the rain. A. to be caught B. catching C

40、. to catch D. caught12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road. A. to be stuck B. stuck C. stickingD. stick13. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom ? -Last week.A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted14. The children were found in the cave. A. trapping B. trapped C. to be

41、trapped D. betrapped15. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain16. On a _ morning the little girl was found at the corner of the street.A. freezing, freezing B. freezing, frozen C. frozen, frozen D. frozen, freez

42、ing17. No one enjoys fun of in public. A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make18. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _ .A. speaking B. spoken C. to be spoken D. speak19. from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blueball.A

43、. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, covering D. Seeing, covered20. An crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star. A. excited B. exciting C. exciteD. excitedly21. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _for the day. （2007 重慶卷 ）A. finishingB. finished C. had finishe

44、d D. were finished22. _ , her suggestion is of greater value than yours.A. All things considering B. All things considered C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered23. _ ,all the students ran out of the classroom.A. Class was overB. Class is over C. Class over D. When class ov

45、er24. _ ,everything has changed.A.Time goes on B.Time going on C.As time going on D.With time went on25. _ ,they will go to the zoo.A. Weather permitting B. Weather permitted C. Weather being permitted D.Weather having permitted26. A lot of homework _,they have to go home. A. to do B.done C.doing D.

46、to be doing1-5 C B B B A 6-10 A D D C A 1115 D B B B A 16-20 B B B B A 21-25 B B C B A 26-30過去分詞做定語、表語專項練習(xí)1. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to inviteC. being invited D. had been invited2. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in

47、 this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay5. Don ' tuse words, expressions, or phrases only to people with specific knowledge.A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known6 E

48、nglish is different from English in many ways.A. Spoken; written B. Speaking; written C. Spoken; writing D. Speak; write7 The woman there under the tree, in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.A. sitting; wearing B. sitting; dressed C. seating; dressed D. seated; dressing8 Linda worked for the Minnesota

49、 Manufacturing Mining Company,_ as 3M.A. knowing. B. known. C. being known. D. to be known9 The dishes lay on the floor. A breaking. B. broken. C. broke. D. break10 the ship, by a huge piece of iceberg, cam to a sudden stop. A. hitting. B. hit. C.hitted.D. to hit.11 Sandy, hurry up. I' m afraid

50、you won ' t have time to before the party.A. get changed. B. get change. 12. get changing. D. get to change.12 he seems quite at the idea. A. pleasing. B. pleased. C. please. D. pleasant.13 . She felt rather that she shouldn ' t drive the car at such a speed.A.frightening, frightening B.frig

51、htened, frightened C. frightening, frightened D. frightened, frightening14 Tell Mary that there' s someone for her at the door. A. waiting. B. waits. C. waited. D. towait.15 there is a big dog to a fence outside the house. A. tying. B. tied. C. to tie. D. ties.16 The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C.

52、did not include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing17. What he has done is really _ . Now his parents are him.A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed aboutC. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed;

53、disappointing by19. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring20. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers_ by her mother.A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought21. As we joined the

54、big crowd I got from my friends.A. separated B. spared C. lost D.missed22. The students, _ at the way the question was put, didn' t know how to answer it.A being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised23. The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in

55、 the 16th century.A having written B. to be written C. being written D. written24. Look at the note _ to the door, you will see that someone paid a visit when we are away.A. pinning B. pinned C. being pinned D. is pinned25. I was very _ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.A. d

56、isappoint B. to disappoint C. disappointing D. disappointed26 . - A woman was killed. - Where is the body of the woman?A. murder B. murdered C. murdering D. having murdered27 .The _ look on the girl' s face suggested that she _ such bad news.A. surprising, would expectB. surprised, should expect

57、C. surprising, shouldn ' t have been expected D. surprised, hadn ' t expected28 . You' ll find the word "psychology"_under "P" in your dictionary.A. have listed B. list C. listedD. listing29 . From the date _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A.marking B.marked C.