高一英語(yǔ)Module3Music一周強(qiáng)化外研版必修2

1、Module 3 Music 一周強(qiáng)化、一周知識(shí)概述1 .本模塊中心話題是音樂，兩篇閱讀文章分別介紹了三位外國(guó)音樂家和一位中國(guó)音 樂家。通過該模塊的學(xué)習(xí)，豐富同學(xué)們的音樂知識(shí)，提高同學(xué)們的藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)。2 . 單詞與短語(yǔ)：album, ballad, catchy, choir, complex, conductor, court,director, genius, harpsichord, impressed, influence, lose, lyrics, peasant, saxophone, singer, symphony, talent, teenager, tune; solo a

2、rtist, split up, a piece of music, of all time, as well as, go deaf, be impressed with, change - into 等3 .交際用語(yǔ):(1) Cool!(2) No way!(3) Really ?(4) Excellent!4 .語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目：(1) when, while 與as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(2)過去完成時(shí)二、重難點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解(一)重點(diǎn)單詞1. audience n.聽眾，觀眾；接見，拜見注意當(dāng)audience作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若看作一個(gè)集體則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，重點(diǎn)在個(gè)人則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。There was a l

3、arge/ small audience in the theatre. 劇院里有很多觀眾/觀眾真少。The audience is/are always very excited by a wonderful goal.一個(gè)精彩的進(jìn)球總會(huì)使觀眾們非常激動(dòng)。Three thousand audiences crowded the concert hall.三千名聽眾擠滿了音樂大廳。2. talent n. 才能，才干，天資；天才，有才能的人talent 常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：have talent for sth. /doing sth.在方面有天分（才能）e.g. have a talent for

4、organization有組織才能He has a talent for languages/ speaking.他具有語(yǔ)言才能。My sister has a talent for music.我妹妹有音樂才能。a man of talent有才能的人The local talents in our country take an active part in social affairs.我國(guó)地方上的人才 積極參與社會(huì)事務(wù)。3. influence（1） n.用作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)意為“影響、感化、勢(shì)力、權(quán)利”；用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表 示“有影響的人（或事務(wù)）、有權(quán)勢(shì)的人”。e.g. Literatu

5、re and art have a great influence upon/on people s ideology.文藝對(duì)人們的思想有很大的影響。He is an influence in politics.他是一個(gè)在政界有影響的人物。常構(gòu)成如下短語(yǔ)：under the influence of 在的影響下a man of great influence彳艮有權(quán)勢(shì)的人have influence over 有左右的力量（2） vt. influence也可以用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“影響，感化，對(duì)有作用”。e.g. The labor enthusiasm of the workers stro

6、ngly influenced us . (influence sb.)工人們的勞動(dòng)熱情強(qiáng)烈地感染了我們。The weather influences crops . (influence sth.天氣影響農(nóng)作物。4. record(1) v.意為“錄音，給灌音，記錄下來，記載下來”。e.g. Listen to him carefully and record what he says.仔細(xì)聽他講話，然后 記錄下來。We recorded music on a phonograph.我們把音樂灌進(jìn)唱片。(2) record也可用作名詞，意為“記錄、記載；檔案；經(jīng)歷、履歷；唱片”等。e.g.

7、It is on record that the summer was the wettest for 50 years.根據(jù)記錄這個(gè)夏天是五十年來雨量最多的季節(jié)。Your record is in your favour.你的履歷對(duì)你有利。Our museums are full of records of past history.我們的博物館有很多過去 歷史的資料The athlete broke the record in the game.比賽中一個(gè)隊(duì)員打破了記錄。5. mix (mixed ; mixed, mixing) v.使混合，混淆，搞混，相混合，相融合e.g. If yo

8、u mix blue and yellow, you will make green.你若把藍(lán)色和黃色摻起來，就配成了綠色。DoH t mix black with white.不要混淆黑白。You re always mixing me up with my twin brother.你老是分辨不出我和我的學(xué)生哥哥(弟弟)。mixed用作形容詞意為“混合的、混雜的；男女混合的”。e.g. I have mixed feelings about the book.我對(duì)這本書的看法是褒貶參半。6. encourage(encouraged ; encouraged, encouraging) v

9、t. 鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)； 助長(zhǎng);援助反義詞：discourage 使泄氣詞性變化：encouragement n.鼓勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；鼓勵(lì)之物，支持之物e.g. He encouraged me to have a try. (encourage sb. to do sth. )他鼓勵(lì)我試一試。DoH t encourage him in his idle ways.不要助長(zhǎng)他的懶惰。We tried to discourage him from climbing the mountain without a guide.我們?cè)O(shè)法勸他無向?qū)Р灰ヅ郎健raise acts as an encouragem

10、ent to the young.稱贊對(duì)于青年人是一種鼓勵(lì)。(二)句子解析1. Joseph Haydn (17321809) was an Austrian composer and is known as the father of the symphony ” .約瑟夫海頓(1732 1809),奧地利作曲家，以“交 響曲之父”著稱。be known as 作為而聞名e.g. Jackie Chan is known as a kungfu film star.成龍作為功夫片電影明星而聞名于世。be known for 因而出名(表示原因)e.g. That small town is

11、known for its honey peaches all over the country.那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)以水蜜桃而聞名全國(guó)。2. but he changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra.但是他把交響樂改編為可供大型管弦樂隊(duì)使用的長(zhǎng)篇曲目。change - into 變成，把變成change - for 用換類似的短語(yǔ)還有：turn - into進(jìn)入；使變成；使成為put /translate - into 把譯成e.g. Heat changes water into steam.加熱使水變成蒸汽。I d lik

12、e to change these dollars into pounds.我想把美元換成英鎊。Can you change this 10 pound note for ten single ones?請(qǐng)你把這張十英鎊的鈔票 換成10張一英鎊的好嗎？Please turn the article into English.請(qǐng)把這篇文章譯成英語(yǔ)。He is changing the English book into French.他正在搔那本英文書譯成法文。3. Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn movedto London, where he

13、was very successful.在那里工作了 30年后，海頓移居倫敦。在倫敦，他非常成功。(1) move to a place搬家至某地(2) having worked為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主動(dòng)詞之 前，相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 After he had wor ked theree.g. Having lived for 20 years in the countryside, the family movedto Jinan.在鄉(xiāng)下住了 20年以后，全家搬到了濟(jì)南。v.- ing稱為現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式，也可作狀語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示的時(shí)間概念與主動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾

14、乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：e.g. Walking through the streets , he caught sight of a tailor s shop.相當(dāng) 于 When/ While he was walking through the streets (動(dòng)作與主動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生)Hearing the news , he jumped up with joy. 相當(dāng)于 As soon as he heard the news(動(dòng)作與主動(dòng)詞幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生)(3) where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 London。4. His father Leopold was a musician and orch

15、estra conductor .他的父親Leopold是音樂家兼管弦樂隊(duì)的指揮。注意orchestra conductor前沒有冠詞，因?yàn)檫@是他的父親的兼職或是說多個(gè)稱呼，實(shí)際上是同一個(gè)人e.g. the worker and poet這位工人兼詩(shī)人The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting.這位教師兼作家正在會(huì)上發(fā)言0注意：并列結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)表示整體概念時(shí)， 即指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，這時(shí)and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。比較:The singer and dancer is going to give us a

16、lecture this afternoon.歌手兼舞者今天下午要給我們講課0The singer and the dancer are both very beautiful.歌手和舞者都很漂亮。5. By the time he was 14, Mozart had composedmanypieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.在莫扎特14歲的時(shí)候就已寫了許多大鍵琴曲、 鋼琴曲和小提琴演奏曲，同時(shí)也寫了很多適合樂隊(duì)演奏的曲子。had been on for half an hour.w

17、ill have left(1) by表示時(shí)間“到為止”，常用于過去完成時(shí)和將來完成時(shí)中。e.g. By the time I got there, the meeting我到的時(shí)候會(huì)議已經(jīng)開始半個(gè)小時(shí)了。By the time you reach the station, the train你到車站的時(shí)候，火車可能都已經(jīng)走了。(2) as well as這里作“和、并且”講，這里連接兩個(gè)并列成分，即介詞短語(yǔ) forthe harpsichord, piano and violin和 for orchestras. 。 as well as還可用來was present at the part

18、y.連接其它并列成分。e.g. Mary as well as her parents瑪麗和她父母都出席了晚會(huì)。注意：as well as 連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)須與 as well as 前的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)。as well as 連接并列成分時(shí)，as well as 后面的部分，可以連同 as well as 放在句首、句尾。例如：e.g. As well as her parents , Mary was present at the party.瑪麗還有她的父母出席了宴會(huì)。=Mary was present at the party, as well as her parents .Tom

19、bought some books as well as a dictionary.湯姆買了一本字典和一些書。=As well as a dictionary, Tom bought some books.as well as 連接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，as well as 后的動(dòng)詞須用動(dòng)名詞形式。e.g. Kate plays the piano as well as swimming.凱特不僅會(huì)彈鋼琴而且會(huì)游泳。6. Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with him .海頓在1781年與莫扎特相遇，莫扎特給他留下了深刻的印象。be im

20、pressed with 對(duì)留下印象，也可以用 be impressed by/ at e.g. I was deeply impressed by/ with/ at his speech.impress的其他用法：(1) impress sth. upon/ on sb. 或者 impress sb. with sth.使某人銘t己某事物e.g. My father impressed on me the importance of work.或者 My father impressed me with the importance of work.我父親使我銘記工作的重要性。(2) im

21、press sth upon/ on sth.在某物上面印上某物 e.g. He impressed his name on the box.他把名字印在盒子上。7. However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.然而，是海頓鼓勵(lì)貝多芬移居維也納的。it waswho是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語(yǔ)。正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篐aydn encouragedBeethoven to move to Vienna. 我們常用 it is /waswho/that 結(jié)構(gòu)來突出強(qiáng)調(diào) 句子的某一成分（一般是句子中主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）。在這

22、個(gè)句型中，it沒有詞匯意義，只是引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用 who或that 來連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用 that來連接。e.g. It is L who amwrong. 是我錯(cuò)了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)I ,原句為：I am wrong.注意：被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是主語(yǔ)，who /that之后的 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語(yǔ)保持一致。）It is our parents who supply us with everything we need.是我們的父母提供我們所需要的一切。（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)Our parents,原句為：Ourparents supply us wi

23、th everything we need. ）It was here that I lost my watch.我是在這兒掉的手表的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)here ,原句為：110st my watch here. ）It was yesterday that we attended a concert.我們是昨天參加音樂會(huì)的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday ,原句為：We attended aconcert yesterday. ）區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：某些定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果 去掉it is/ was- that句子仍然通順成立，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，不成立不通順，則為定

24、語(yǔ)從句。e.g. It was three years ago that he went to America for a further study.去掉 It was that 句子為 Three years ago he went to America for a further study.句子通順，意思完整，那么，這就是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。7. As he grew older, he began to go deaf .隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他的耳朵變聾了。go為系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得，相當(dāng)于become后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)由好 變壞或由正常情況變成特殊情況。 類似短語(yǔ)：go mad發(fā)瘋，

25、go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓，go wrong 出毛病，go broke 破產(chǎn),go dead 壞死e.g. The woman went mad after her son was killed.兒子被殺后那位母親就瘋了。Fish soon goes bad in hot weather.天氣太熱，魚很快會(huì)變壞的。She went pale at the news.她聽到這個(gè)消息之后，臉色蒼白。The children must not go hungry .不要讓孩子挨餓。The telephone has gone dead.電話機(jī)壞了。類似的系動(dòng)詞還有 become,

26、get和grow。9. Ye Xiaogang, who was born in 1955, is one of a group of Chinese composers known as the New Tide .葉小綱，出生于1955年，是“新潮流”中國(guó)作曲家群體中的一員該句中who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 Ye Xiaogang。known as the NeWTide 為過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾 Chinese composers, 相當(dāng)于 whowere known as the NewTide o10. He showed musical ability at an ear

27、ly age and began studying piano when he was four years old.他小小年紀(jì)便顯示出音樂才能，在四歲時(shí)就開始學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴。at an early age = when he was very young 表示 “年幼時(shí)，從很小的時(shí)候”。e.g. He began to learn English at an early age .他年幼時(shí)就開始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。11. After graduation, he worked there as a lecturer.畢業(yè)后，他在那兒當(dāng)講師。as為介詞，表示“作為”，后面通常接表示職位或用途的名詞。work

28、as為“從事的職業(yè)”的意思。e.g. He works as a professor.他當(dāng)教授。She is famous as a singer.她是一位著名歌手。12. From that time , he has been one of the leading modern composers of Chinese classical music.表示“從那時(shí)開始”，常跟完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。從那時(shí)起，他一直是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)音樂現(xiàn)代作曲家中的領(lǐng)軍人物。e.g. He has lived in Qingdaofrom that time = from then onsince then / from

29、that time/ from then on從那時(shí)起他一直居住在青島。三、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥（一）when, while, as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別when, while, as 顯然都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但用法區(qū)別非常大。1. when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；而 while和as只能和 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。e.g. Why do you want a new jobwhen you ve got such a good one already ?（get為短暫性動(dòng)詞）你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作，為何還想再找新的？Sorry, I was outwhen you called me.

30、（call 為短暫性動(dòng)詞）對(duì)不起，你打電話時(shí)我剛好外出了。Strike while the iron is hot. （is為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)）趁熱打鐵。The students took notes as they listened . （listen 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）學(xué)生們邊聽課邊做筆記。2. when從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生；while和as從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作必須是和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。（1）從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作前發(fā)生，只用 when。e.g. Wherhe had finished his homework , he took a short res

31、t. （finished 先 發(fā)生）當(dāng)他完成作業(yè)后，他休息了一會(huì)兒。When got to the airport , the guests had left.（got to 后發(fā)生）當(dāng)我趕到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，客人們已經(jīng)離開了。（dance為延續(xù)性（2）從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且從句動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，when, while, as 都可使用。e.g. When/ While/ As we were dancing, a stranger came in.動(dòng)詞）當(dāng)我們跳舞時(shí)，一位陌生人走了進(jìn)來。When/ While /As she was making a phone call, I was w

32、riting a letter.（make為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）當(dāng)她在打電話時(shí)，我正在寫信。（3）當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表示主句動(dòng)作 發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)，只能用as。這時(shí)，as常表示“隨著；一邊一邊” 之意。e.g. As the time went on, the weather got worse. （as 表示“隨著”之意。）隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣更糟糕了。The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.隨著高度的增加，大氣越來越稀薄。As years go by, China is

33、getting stronger and richer.隨著時(shí)間一年一年過去，中國(guó)變得越來越富強(qiáng)了。The little girls sang as they went.小姑娘們一邊走，一邊唱。The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying.傷心的媽媽坐在路邊，邊哭邊叫。（4）在將來時(shí)從句中，常用 when,且從句須用一般時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。e.g. You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it .在我讀完這本書后，你可以借閱。When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I ll talk with him about this.下周，經(jīng)理來這參觀時(shí)，我會(huì)和他談?wù)劥耸?. when用于表示“的句型中（指過去的事情）sb. had hardly （= scarcely ） done sth. when =Hardly/ Scarcely had sb. done sth. when e.g. I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when som