愛(ài)愛(ài)醫(yī)資源-糖皮質(zhì)激素

1、腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素基本結(jié)構(gòu)及維持生理功能必需基團(tuán)腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素基本結(jié)構(gòu)及維持生理功能必需基團(tuán)C C1717上無(wú)上無(wú)-OH-OH，C C1111上無(wú)上無(wú)O O或有或有O O與與C C1818相聯(lián)相聯(lián)C C1717上有上有-OH-OH，C C1111上有上有= O= O或或-OH-OH； C C1-21-2的為雙鍵抗的為雙鍵抗炎作用增強(qiáng)、水鹽代謝作用減弱炎作用增強(qiáng)、水鹽代謝作用減弱C C9 9引入引入-F-F，C C1616引入引入-CH-CH3 3或或-OH-OH則抗炎作用更強(qiáng)、則抗炎作用更強(qiáng)、水鹽代謝作用更弱水鹽代謝作用更弱水電解質(zhì)代謝水電解質(zhì)代謝l潴鈉排鉀；利尿；低血鈣潴鈉排鉀；利尿；低血鈣核酸

2、代謝核酸代謝l誘導(dǎo)特殊誘導(dǎo)特殊mRNAmRNA合成合成 - - 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)錄一種抑制細(xì)胞膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)功能錄一種抑制細(xì)胞膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)功能的蛋白質(zhì)的蛋白質(zhì) - - 抑制細(xì)胞對(duì)葡抑制細(xì)胞對(duì)葡萄糖、氨基酸等物質(zhì)的攝取萄糖、氨基酸等物質(zhì)的攝取激素與胞漿內(nèi)受體結(jié)合，促其釋出激素與胞漿內(nèi)受體結(jié)合，促其釋出hsp90hsp90、hsp70hsp70和和IPIP，受體進(jìn)入細(xì)胞核與靶基因的，受體進(jìn)入細(xì)胞核與靶基因的GREGRE結(jié)合，調(diào)節(jié)基因表達(dá)，最后產(chǎn)生生物效應(yīng)結(jié)合，調(diào)節(jié)基因表達(dá)，最后產(chǎn)生生物效應(yīng)。 Adrenocortical hormones The steroid compounds produced by the adre

3、nal contex are called adrenocorticosteroids, and they can be divided into two major groups depending on their relative metabolic (glucocorticoid) versus electrolyte-regulating (mineralocorticoid) activity HYDROCORTISONE (CORTISOL) is the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands The pharmac

4、ological actions of steroid are an extension of their physiological effects Almost every cell in the body will respond to these compounds After entering the cell and binding to the receptor, the receptor-hormone complex is transported into the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor for spec

5、ific genes All of the steroids (including the sex steroids) bind to intracellular receptors in target tissuesGlucocorticoidsGlucocorticoids receptors are found in virtually every cell in the body Glucocorticoids promote metabolism of protein and gluconeogenesis.The glucocorticoids stimulate formatio

6、n of glucose and cause breakdown of protein into amino acidsGlucocorticoids inhibit inflammatory and immunological responses. This is the basis of their therapeutic use and the reason why patients on glucocorticoids have increased susceptibility to infections All steps in the inflammatory process are blockedGlucocorticoids are used for replacement therapy in patients with malfunctioning adrenal glands. But the most important use of glucocorticoids is to reduce inflammation or block immu