起重機操作說明書

1、雙梁橋式 (駕操)控制起重機double girder bridge-type of crane (cab operation) control使用說明書operation instruction無錫運達機械有限公司W(wǎng)UXI YUNDA MACHINERY CO.LTD 目錄CATALOGUE1.用途1 . Application 2.技術特征和主要參數(shù)2 . Technical characteristics and major parameter3.結(jié)構(gòu)3 .Construction 3.1金屬結(jié)構(gòu)3. 1 Metal structure3.2 起重機運行機構(gòu)3.2 Running gea

2、r of crane3.3其它設備3.3 Others Equipment4.電氣控制設備4.Electric control equipment4.1凸輪控制器：4. 1 Cam controller4.1保護配電盤：4. 2 The protection switchboard:4.3主令控制器：4. 3 The master controller:4.4限位和安全開關：4. 4 Limit and safety switch5.安裝、調(diào)試和試運行5. Installation, debugging and commissioning5.1安裝和調(diào)試5. 1 Installation an

3、d adjustment5.1.1橋架拼裝：5. 1. 2 Bridge assembly5.1.2小車安裝5. 1. 2 Trolley installation5.1.3操縱室等部件安裝5. 1. 3 Operating room etc installation:5.1.4電氣設備安裝5. 1. 4 Electrical equipment installation5.1.5鋼絲繩的纏繞5. 1. 5 Steel rope winding:：5.2 起重機的試運行5. 2 Crane commissioning6.起重機的維護和保養(yǎng)6. Crane maintenance6.1機械設備的

4、維護和保養(yǎng)6. 1 Mechanical equipment maintenance6.2金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的維護和保養(yǎng) 6. 2 Metal structure maintenance6.3電氣設備的維護和保養(yǎng)6. 3 Electrical equipment maintenance6.4安全操作注意事項6. 4 Safe operation notice1.用途1. APPLICATION 本產(chǎn)品用于機械制造車間，倉庫，料場，水電站檢修，裝配等場所，進行一般重裝卸作業(yè)，本產(chǎn)品的工作環(huán)境溫度為-25±45，不適用于爆炸危險，災危險介質(zhì)中和相對溫度大于85%，充滿腐蝕性氣體的場所，也不適用于吊

5、運化金屬和有毒，易燃的物品This product applies to mechanical manufacture workshop, warehouse, material yard, hydroelectric plant maintenance,assembly etc for common lifting, loading or unloading works.This product working environment is -25±45,not applicable to explosive dangerous, fire danger carrier and r

6、elative temperature above 85%, places full of corrosive gas, nor lifting Melton metal, poisonous, flammable, explosive materials.2.技術特征和主要參數(shù)2. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MAJOR PARAMETER本系列橋式起重機的主要參數(shù)如下:The key parameters of this series overhead crane girder key parameter as follows2.1起重量: QD32/10T

7、 2.1 Elevating capacity: QD32/10T 2.2跨度: 13.5M 2.2 span: 13.5m 2.3工作制度: A3(用于偶爾使用工作場所,例如裝貨車間)。2.3 working systerm: A3( use for occasionally workplace, such as assembly workshop)按確定的起重量、跨度和工作制度，可查閱隨機附加的橋式起重機總圖和小車圖紙中的技術特性表和需要的外形尺寸參數(shù)。Base for certain elevating capacity,span and work systerm , handlers

8、can look up the general drawing of the overhead crane girder, list of technical characteristic in the drawing of the trolly and needed outline dimensional parameters起重量用分數(shù)表示時，分子表示主起升重量，分母表示副起升重量。 While elevating capacity use fraction represent, molecule repersent the major elevating capacity, denomi

9、nator represent deputy elevating capacity.序號 serial number項目 peoject符號 symble數(shù)據(jù) data1主勾起重量The lifting weight of main hook t322副鉤起重量The lifting weight of deputy hookt103汽機房跨度（軸線距離）The span of motor room(length of axle)m154汽機房長度（軸線距離）The length of motor room(length of axle)m495屋架下弦標高The standard heigh

10、t of motor room last quarter framm20.06起重機軌頂標高The standard height of rail to top of crane m16.57起重機軌距The rail distance of crane m13.58電源（交流）Power supply(alternating current)380V,50Hz,三相三線制380V,50Hz,Thre-phase electric three wire system9主鉤最大起升高度Lifting maximum height of main hook m1610副鉤最大起升高度Lifting

11、 maximum height of deputy hookm1811工作級別Work levelm/minA312主鉤起升速度Lifting velocity of nain hookm/min03（變頻調(diào)速）03 (frequency conversion control of moter speed)13副鉤起升速度Lifting velocity of deputy hookm/min05 (變頻調(diào)速)05 (frequency conversion control of moter speed)14大車運行速度Running velocity of cartm/min慢速：11.9L

12、ow speed11.9 快速19fast1915小車運行速度Running velocity of trolleym/min慢速6.3Low speed6.3快速10Fast1016輪壓（起吊發(fā)電機定子沿 A排主鉤在極限位置時）Wheel pressure(while stator of lifting generator along A row main hook in limit position)KN26117大車軌道型號The type of carts rail 43KG/M(QU80)18自重Self weightt33T19橋式起重機總長度The lotal length of

13、 bridgr craneM14.3820行車軌頂?shù)叫≤図敳康木嚯xDistance between top of crane and top of trolleym2.68821行車總寬度Total width of cranem6.93. 結(jié)構(gòu)3. CONSTRUCTION整臺起重機是由橋架、小車（裝有起升機構(gòu)和運行機構(gòu)）、起重機運行機構(gòu)和電氣設備四大部分組成。The whole crane girder is consist of four parts : crane span structure, trolly( with hoist gear and running gear), th

14、e running gear of crane and electric equipments起升機構(gòu)、小車運行機構(gòu)和起重機運行機構(gòu)是起重機的三個工作機構(gòu)，各機構(gòu)都備有單獨的電動機，進行各自的驅(qū)動。Hoist gear ,the running gear of crane and the running gear of crane are three working gear of crane, each gear has indvidual electromotor can do respective driving32/10噸的起重機，具有兩個吊鉤，因此有主、副兩套獨立的起升機構(gòu)。主鉤用來

15、提升重的物件，副鉤除可提升較輕的物件外，在它額定的負荷范圍內(nèi)也可用來協(xié)同主鉤傾轉(zhuǎn)或翻倒工件之用。但必須注意的是，不允許兩個吊鉤同時提升兩個物件。兩個吊鉤一起工作時，物件的重量不許超過主鉤額定起重量本起重機共有二套起升機構(gòu)。，所吊運的物件重量不應超過起重機的額定起重量，每個吊鉤只可起吊該吊鉤的額定起重量。The 30/10 ton cranhas two lifting hook, therefore,it has main and deputy in total two hoist gears. The main lifting hook use for lift heavy article,

16、 besides the deputy lifting hook use for lift lighter article, it also can use for helping main hook to vert or turnover article in its rated range of load. However, it should pay attention to not allow lifting two articles with two hooks in the same time. If two hooks are working in the same time,

17、the weight of article should not exceed rated range of load of the main hook.This crane has two hoist gears. The weighgt of swing article should not exceed rated range of load of the crane, each hook only can lift its rated range of load.3.1金屬結(jié)構(gòu)3.1 METAL STRUCTURE金屬結(jié)構(gòu)包括橋架、小車架和操縱室。橋架是由兩根箱形主梁、兩根箱形端梁和主

18、梁兩側(cè)的走臺所組成。在主梁的上蓋板上鋪設軌道，供小車行走之用。與主梁連接的一側(cè)走臺上安裝起重機的運行機構(gòu)。另一側(cè)走臺安裝小車導電的滑線。走臺的外側(cè)都有欄桿，以保障檢修人員的安全。Metal structure is consists of crane span structure, trolly frame and handing room.Crane span structure is consist of two pieces of box-type girders , two pieces of girders and on both sides of the runway. On th

19、e main girder lay track on upper cover plate in order to for the car to walk. One side of the walking aborad connected to the main girder crane install running gear. The other side of swaliking aborad install slide wire for electric. Both sides of walking aborad have rails to ensure the safety of th

20、e maintenance staff.主梁與端梁進行剛性聯(lián)接，兩根端梁的中部是用螺栓連接起來的可拆件。這樣，整個橋架可以拆分成兩半，以便進行運輸和安裝。Main girder with the end girder use rigid connection, in the middle of the two end girders use bolt to connect with each other constitude detachable parts. In this way, the whole bridge can be split into two and a half, for

21、 transportation and installation.小車架是由鋼板焊接而成，上面裝有起升機構(gòu)和小車運行機構(gòu)。操縱室懸裝在橋架下面，室內(nèi)裝有起重機的電氣控制設備，主要是供操作人員操縱之用Main girder with the end girder use rigid connection, in the middle of the two end girders use bolt to connect with each other constitude detachable parts. In this way, the whole bridge can be split in

22、to two and a half, for transportation and installation.Trolly fram is weld by steel plates, which is equipped with lifting mechanism and the car run institutions. Control room hanging below the crane span structure, interior is equipped with crane electrical control equipment, mainly for operators t

23、o manipulate3.2 起重機運行機構(gòu)3.2 RUNNING GEAR OF CRANE起重機有四個行走車輪，安裝在兩根端梁的兩端。其中兩個是主動車輪，兩個是被動車輪。主動車輪的驅(qū)動機構(gòu)安裝在走臺上，這里采用的是兩套對稱的獨立的驅(qū)動裝置，我們稱之為分別驅(qū)動。減速器采用了負載能力較同類型漸開線齒型更高的圓弧齒輪減速器。所有機構(gòu)都采用滾動軸承，采用交流電磁鐵塊式制動器。Crane has four wheels, install two sides in the end of the two end girders. Two of them are action wheels, two a

24、re driven wheels. The drive equipment of action wheels installe on the walking aborad. Here are two sets of symmetrical and independent drive equipment. We call it respective drive. Retarder using arc seriated retarder which the load ability is more higher than the same type of arc seriated retarder

25、. All equipments use the rolling bearing, adopting alternating electromagnet braker.機構(gòu)部件之間全部采用齒輪聯(lián)軸器的連接。這樣，即使在制造和安裝時所產(chǎn)生的誤差，或者由于載荷所引起的橋架變形而產(chǎn)生的部件之間的彼此變位，也可以由齒輪聯(lián)軸器得到補償，不致影響機構(gòu)的工作。Among the mechanism parts adopts the connection with the gear coupling between components. In this way, even in the produced o

26、r installation produce error, or the bridge deformation caused by load and produce components shift between each other, can also compensated by the gear coupling. By this compensated way, it thus does not affect the work of institutions.主動和被動車輪輪軸都支承在角形軸承箱上，這樣構(gòu)造便于裝拆和檢修Both of axletrees of action whee

27、l and driven wheel support on bearing house, this structure is convenient for installation and maintenance起重機有四只車輪，安裝在二根端梁上。其中二個是主動車輪，二個是被動車輪。驅(qū)動裝置有1.減速機、2.電動機、3.制動器、4.聯(lián)軸器、5.補償軸、6.車輪等組成，電動機為YZP變頻電機，制動器為液壓制動器。 Cranes have four wheels, install on the two end girders. Two of them are action wheels, two

28、are driven wheels. drive equipment: 1. retarder 2.electromotor 3. reduction gears 4. coupling 5. compensator 6. wheels.etc, electromotor is YZP type frequency conversion, reduction gears are hydraumatic reduction gears 3.5 其它設備3.5 OTHERS EQUIPMENTS1緩沖器：在起重機兩根端梁的兩端，裝有大車彈簧緩沖器。在小車車架的底部裝有小車彈簧緩沖器。用以降低同跨內(nèi)

29、的兩臺起重機可能相碰或是起重機及小車行至兩端極限位置時的沖擊影響。On both ends of the end girders , equipped with a cart spring bumpper. At the bottom of the cart frame is equipped with car spring bumpper. In order to reduce the same span of the two crane might encounter or crane and the car move to the limit position of the impact

30、 on both ends2.大車導電線擋架：為了防止當小車行駛到極限位置時吊具或鋼絲繩與高壓電源相碰，在架橋的兩根主梁下面近電源的一端安置了導電線擋架。 2. cart conductive line blockIn order to prevent slings for lifting loading or steel wire rope come into the high voltage power when the car driving to the limit position , under the two major girder of the bridge are plac

31、ed the conductive line block near power supply. 3大車導電架：導電架裝在橋架的主梁底部，電源線經(jīng)裝在導電架上的三套集電拖，以供給整個起重機的電源。 3. cart electric conduction frameConductive frame install in the bottom of the girder bridge, the power wire through in three sets of collector of conductive frame dragging, to supply the power source o

32、f the crane4.電氣控制設備4. Electric control equipment本起重機各機構(gòu)的運行控制，均由遙控器或地面手操控制器發(fā)出操縱信號，由各電氣控制柜內(nèi)電氣設備、電氣元器件執(zhí)行，達到控制起重機各機構(gòu)按指令運轉(zhuǎn)的目的。地面手操控制器懸掛在起重機橋架掛纜側(cè)的走臺下方，并可以沿東西方向移動。遙控器的接收器安裝在電源保護柜的右側(cè)板上方。手操控制器和遙控發(fā)射器的面板上均裝有啟動按鈕，緊急按鈕，起升機構(gòu)上升下降按鈕、小車前行后行按鈕、大車左行右行按鈕、及電笛警示按鈕等（其控制功能能詳見以下說明）。起重機非掛纜側(cè)走臺上安裝有供電保護柜、大車控制柜、各小車起升和運行控制柜、調(diào)整電阻器

33、等電氣設備?，F(xiàn)將主要電氣設備分述如下：Operation control, the crane's institutions by remote control or ground hand controller send signal manipulation, execution by the electric equipments and electric elements which were contained in controller cabinet, reach the purpose of control the crane agencies according to

34、 the instructions operation. Ground hand controller hung behind the walking aborad which hanging on the side of the crane bridge, and can move along the direction of things. The receiver of remote controller installed above on the right side of the protection cabinet of power supply. Hand controller

35、 and remote control emitterthe are equipped with start button, emergency button, lifting up and down button, the trolley forward and back button, cart left right button and electric whistle caution button (the control function can see note below). Crane not hang rope side walking aborad with power s

36、upply protection cabinets, cart controll cabinets , each car lifting and operation control cabinet, adjust the resistor and other electrical equipments. The main electrical equipments as follows.4.1凸輪控制器：凸輪控制器是用來控制各機構(gòu)的電動機啟動、停止和正反轉(zhuǎn)。它布設在操縱室內(nèi)前方窗門周圍。4.1 Cam controller1.Cam controller is used to control

37、the agencies of motor start, stop, and turn positive and negative. It was layed around in front of windows of operating room.4.2保護配電盤：保護配電盤是用來對起重機上交流電動機的過電流保護、零位保護和起重機機構(gòu)的限位開關保護之用的。在操縱室內(nèi)的后方裝設著這種成型的保護配電盤。保護配電盤內(nèi)裝有過電流繼電器、線路主接觸器、刀型開關和熔斷器等。4.2 The protection switchboard:Protection switchboard is used for

38、alternating current motor of crane over-current protection, zero position protection and crane institutions limit switch protection. Behind the operating room indoor furnish the forming protection switchboard. Protection switchboard is equipped with over-current relay, line main contactor, knife-typ

39、e switch, fuse, etc4.3主令控制器：電動機的容量很大時，凸輪控制器體積龐大，操作不便。因此，凸輪控制器一般只在電動機的容量不超過45千瓦時才直接使用。16噸重級、20噸重級以及32噸和50噸起重機的操縱采用另一種控制器即主令控制器，它是通過磁力控制屏來實現(xiàn)遙控操作的。磁力控制屏則安裝在橋架的走臺上。4.3 The master controller:While the capacity of the electromotor is large, cam controlleris too bulky to operation. Therefore, cam controlle

40、r only commonly in electromotor has a capacity of not more than 45 kilowatt hour to directly use. 16 tons, 20 tons ,32 tons and 50 tons crane manipulation using another kind of controller is the master controller, it is through the magnetic force to control panel to realize the remote control. The c

41、ontrol panel of magnetic force is installed on the bridge walking aborad.4.4限位和安全開關：起重機運行、小車運行和起升機構(gòu)均裝有限位開關，以限制各機構(gòu)的運動行程。當限位開關動作后，電路被切斷，機構(gòu)停止運轉(zhuǎn)。再次接通電源時，機構(gòu)只能向相反方向運轉(zhuǎn)，從而保障了安全。為了防止操作人員和檢修人員發(fā)生意外事故，在操縱室通往橋架走臺的“艙口門”和通往端梁的欄桿上均裝有安全開關。在開啟艙口門或欄桿門時，安全開關動作，就能切斷電路，以保護人員安全。4. 4 Limit and safety switchCrane operation,

42、 car running and lifting mechanism are equipped with limit switches, to limit the movement distance of institutions. After the limit switch operate, the circuit was cutted off, stop running. Again when turning on the power supply, the agencies can only run to the opposite direction, so as to ensure

43、the security.In order to prevent accidents in operating and maintenance personnel, in the control room to the bridge aborad "hatch door" and the end girder are equipped with safety switchs. When open the hatch door or handrail door, safety switch action, can cut off the circuit, in order t

44、o protect the personnel safety.聯(lián)動臺控制器功能操作說明Crane console controller operation declarationMain liftingCart rightstopscramAssistant liftingFailure resetCart leftTrollry backwardTrolley forwardstartMain dropAssistant dropMain drop5、安裝、調(diào)試和試運行5 . Installation, debugging and commissioning5.1安裝和調(diào)試5.1 Insta

45、llation and adjustment起重機到達現(xiàn)場后，首先按裝箱單清點零、部件是否齊全。檢查橋架構(gòu)件在運輸過程中有否損壞和變形，若有，則設法消除之。Before crane installation, check packing lists the components. Inspect bridge parts, trolley and other components stadus during transportation to see whether there is any damage or defoprmity, if there is, should repair be

46、fore installation.5.1.1橋架拼裝：5.1.1.bridge assembly為便于運輸，橋架分成兩片。安裝前須先行拼裝，在兩根端梁的中部用螺栓把橋架連成一體（端梁上下蓋板用高強度螺栓，兩側(cè)腹板用普通螺栓）。橋架拼裝后，其主要尺寸偏差應滿足如下要求：For convenience of transportation, crane span struction is divided into two pieces. Before installation prior to assemblely, Using bolts in the middle of the two end

47、 girders combine with crane span structure become an organic whole (both top and bottom cover plate of end girders use high strength bolt, on both sides of the web using ordinary bolt). After the crane span structure assembly, the main size deviation shall meet the following requirements:（1） 起重機的跨度偏

48、差值應在±5mm之內(nèi)。（2） 兩根主梁應具有F=Lk（11.4）/1000 mm的上拱度（Lk橋架跨度）。（3） 兩根主梁的旁彎度不應超過L/2000mm。（4） 兩根主梁上軌道之間距離偏差：跨端±1、跨中5/1（L<19.5M）、跨中+7/+1（L19.5M）。(1) crane span deviation should be within ±5mm .(2) the two main girder should have F = Lk (1 1.4) / 1000 mm up camber (Lk- bridge span).(3) the two m

49、ain girder near bending should not be more than L / 2000 mm.(4) the deviation of distance between two main girder in track: ending span±1, midspan + 5 / + 1 (L < 19.5 M), midspan + 7 / + 1 acuity 19.5 M (L).橋架吊運時，嚴禁捆扎走臺或任何機械零部件。捆扎主梁或端梁時，鋼繩下面須墊以足夠厚的橡皮或其他護墊。While bridge crane swinging, prohibi

50、ts any bundle up walking board or mechanical parts. While tied main girder or end girder, under the steel rope must cushion in rubber or other pads thick enough5.1.2小車安裝5.1.2 Trolley installation把整臺小車安放在已拼裝好的橋架軌道上，這時應保證小車的四個車輪同時與軌面接觸。Put whole set trolley on already assembly bridge track, at the sam

51、e time then shall ensure that the car's four wheels with track contact.5.1.3.操縱室等部件安裝：安裝操縱室、導電架、導電線擋架、欄桿、電柱等，并檢查各部件的安裝是否符合圖紙上有關技術要求的規(guī)定。5.1.3. Operating room etc installation:Operating room, electric conduction frame, conductive line block, baluster, electric column and check whether the installa

52、tion of various components conform to the provisions of the relevant technical requirements on the drawings.5.1.4.電氣設備安裝：電氣設備在安裝前應嚴格檢查各元件是否完整無缺、絕緣、觸點等的性能是否良好以及是否潮濕等。導線的敷設應按圖紙的規(guī)定，導線的接頭和導電軌應保證接觸性能良好。所有電氣設備的外殼均應可靠接地。5.1.4. Electrical equipment installationElectrical equipment parts should be strictly i

53、nspected for intact status, insulation, contact, joints performance before installation, motor controller other electrical equipment, lead joints loose status and humid situations etc.Lead layout should as per related regulations, lead joints and conduction rail should ensure good performance, all e

54、lectrical equipment shell should be reliably earthen.5.1.5.鋼絲繩的纏繞：按照小車總圖上的鋼絲繩繞向示圖，鋼絲繩繞過吊鉤上的動滑輪和車架上的固滑輪，繩的兩端用壓板分別固定在卷筒的兩端。5.1.5. Steel rope winding:According to the steel wire rope around the figure of the trolley on the general layout, steel rope wind the hook on the fall block and fixed pulley on t

55、he frame, the ends of the rope respectively with press plate fixed at both ends of the coiling block.5.2 起重機的試運行5.2 crane commissioning 在起重機試運轉(zhuǎn)前，必須注意檢查電動機正反轉(zhuǎn)方向是否符合要求，特別是起重機運行機構(gòu)的兩只電動機的轉(zhuǎn)動方向必須一致。 Before crane commissioning, must inspect mechanical and eletrical each parts installation conformity to sta

56、ndard, especially crane travelling mechanism to motors rotation directions must in conformity. 當起重機處在完全正常的情況下，就可進行試運轉(zhuǎn)。這時端梁欄桿門及艙口門均應關上，控制手柄均在零位，然后合上保護盤的刀型開關和緊急開關，再按下啟動按鈕，把電路接通，起重機即進入運轉(zhuǎn)的預備狀態(tài)。 When confirmation of crane under totally normal situations, could execute commissioning. At this time, end car

57、riage handrail gate should be closed, control stick at zero position, and then connecting knife-type switch and emergency switch on the protection plate, then press the start button again, connect with the power source, crane which enter the running state of preparation.起重機的試運轉(zhuǎn)分以下三個步驟：Crane commissioning of the following three steps1.起重機的空載試車：1. Crane on-load commissioning空載試車按下列程序和要求進行：No-load commissioning could be performed according to followin