初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句講解試題策略分析

1、. .PAGE33 / NUMPAGES33在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞 叫先行詞。 定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞后面。定語(yǔ)從句分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。本章只介紹限定性定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that、which、who、 which、 whose和關(guān)系副詞where 、when，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞是引導(dǎo)詞， 在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某一成份。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的作用：先行詞指物時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞用that 或which（在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)）。如：China is a country which / that has a large populati

2、on.The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.先行詞指人時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞用（who）作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom (作賓語(yǔ))，whose (作定語(yǔ))，that (作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))。 如：The man who is mending the machine has been retired.This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.I like the girl whose mother is an actor.注意：下列情況下關(guān)系代詞只

3、用that 而不用which 或 who。先行詞是指物的不代詞，如：all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等時(shí)。如：I didnt understand the words all that he said. 2先行詞由最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以與any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修飾。如：This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .行詞既包括人，也包括物。如：They always like to talk about the

4、man and the things that they see on the road.當(dāng)主句是以which 或who 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。如：who is the man that opened up the lab.例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！He is a friend _ can help you in time of need.A. who he B. whose C. / D. who 解析：引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，指人。 應(yīng)選D 。The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thin

5、g _ I have said.A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that解析：先行詞前有序數(shù)詞， 最高級(jí)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)次只能用 that. 應(yīng)選D.This is the only one of these books that _worth reading.Ahas B. have C. is D. are 解析：引導(dǎo)詞that在句中作主語(yǔ)，代指one ，應(yīng)選C。The man _ talked to you just now is my father.A. who B. he C. which D. whose解析：引

6、導(dǎo)詞在句中作主語(yǔ)指人，應(yīng)選A.They thought too much about _.A. which I had said B. what I had saidC. that I had said D. I had said解析：此題引導(dǎo)詞作在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話的容，應(yīng) 選B。練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績(jī)！一、選擇最佳答案填空：1Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday?A. who B. whom C. which D. whose2. Thats all _ I have seen and hea

7、rd. A. which B. that C. where D. what3. Have you seen the man _ plan we were talking about _ yesterday ? A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far. A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D

8、. that has not been5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who D. which6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those whoo C. However D. The one who8. The police caught

9、 the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which9. The girl _ is reading under the tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which1-5 CDCBA 6-10 BDBCAHenry was an office worker in

10、a big city.Henry was an office worker in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays. He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking.

11、Fishing. Cheap and interesting.”“This sounds a good idea,” he thought. “Ill spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. Theyll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.” He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spen

12、d all of July there. Then on the first of July, he left for West Hill Farm.But four days later, he returned home.“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didnt you enjoy country life?”“Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”“Oh. What?”“

13、Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”“Whats wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”“I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”“Lucky you!”“You dont understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig

14、 died and we had roast pork for dinner.”“A different meat every day,” Ed said loudly, “ and you are complaining!”“Let me finish,” Henry said. “On the fourth day the farmer died, and I didnt dare (敢)stay for dinner!”1.How did Henry find out about the farm?A. He saw it in a newspaper advertisement.B.

15、His best friend told him.C. He wrote to the farmer. D. Maybe he learned it from the radio.2. Henry came back home several days later because _.A. he didnt like the country life at all B. the farmer wasnt friendly to himC. his holiday was over D. he thought he might have to eat the farmer3. “and you

16、are complaining!”, the word “complain” means _.A.夸獎(jiǎng) B.解釋 C.抱怨 D.故弄玄虛4.Which of the following sentences is true?A. Ed could eat a different kind of meat every day.B. Henry thought he could enjoy a change.C. Henry couldnt think of anything else to do, so he went to the farm.D. The farmer died because

17、of the bad meat he ate.5.Which is the best title for the passage?A. What a beautiful farm! B. Have a good time.C.A short holiday D. Henry and the farmer.A farmer had a cow.A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet.“

18、Whats the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived.“My cows ill,” the farmer said. “I dont know whats the matter with her. Shes lying down and wont eat. Shes making a strange noise.”The vet looked over the cow. Shes certainly ill, he said, and she needs to take some very strong medicine.He took a

19、 bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand and said, Give her these. The pills should make her better.“How should I give them to her?” the farmer asked.The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, Put this tube in her mouth, then put the pills in the tube and blow. Thatll make it.The next day the

20、vet came to the farm again. The farmer was sitting outside his house and looked more worried.“Hows your cow?” the vet asked.“No change,” the farmer said, “and Im feeling very strange myself.”“Oh?” the vet said, Why?“I did what you said,” the farmer answered. “I put the tube in the cows mouth and the

21、n put two pills down it.”“And?” the vet asked.“The cow blew first,” the farmer said.1. In the story, the vet must be _.A. the farmers friend B. a milk factoryC. a hospital for cows D. a doctor for animals2.The farmer asked the vet for help when his cow _A. couldnt lie down B. didnt eat the pillsC. c

22、ouldnt make any noise D. was ill3.What medicine did the vet give the farmer?A. Bottle of pills. B. A long tube.C. Two pills. D. A small box.4.The vet taught the farmer how _.A. to blow the tube B. to make the cow take the pillsC. to take the medicine D. to put the tube in his mouth5.Which of the fol

23、lowing is true?A. The farmer ate the pills himself.B. The cow got better after taking the medicine.C. The vet came to help the farmer change the cow the next day.D. The farmer waited for the vet outside his house the next day.Ellen Parker was worried about her health. Ellen Parker was worried about

24、her health. She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs. She was soon out of breath (氣喘吁吁).“I suppose I had better go to the doctor,” she thought.She went to the doctor and told him her problem.“Im not surprised at all,” he said. “Its obvious what your problem is.”He

25、 looked her over then gave her some advice.“If you dont do what I say, Mrs. Parker,” he said, “you will have a heart attack. It could kill you.”Ellen Parker was very worried as she left the doctors. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time.The nex

26、t day she went shopping. The first shop she went into was a butchers shop (肉鋪).“Id like ten pounds of steak (牛排), please,” she said.“Certainly, madam,” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and put it on

27、 the scale (秤).“Thats just under ten pounds,” he said.“That big enough,” Mrs. Parker said.The butcher worked out the price.“At $ 4.99 a pound that will be $49.50, please. Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you?”“Oh, I dont want to buy the meat,” Mrs. Parker said.“If you dont want

28、 to buy it,” the butcher replied angrily, “why did you ask me to get it for you?”“My doctor told me that I am over-weight and I have to lose ten pounds. I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”1. Why did Ellen Parker visit the doctor?A. She had had a heart attack.B. She had a problem wi

29、th her health.C. She was unhappy about her weight.D. She could not sleep well.2. What did the doctor advise her to do?A. To lose weight. B. To eat more meat.C. To come and see him again.D. To look after her heart.3. Why did Ellen Parker ask for ten pounds of steak?A. She wanted to buy some for dinne

30、r.B. She wanted to lose weight.C. Her doctor had told her to eat steak.D. She wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.4. What was Ellen Parkers real problem?A. She ate too much steak. B. She weighed too much.C. The doctor did not know. D. She could not walk very quickly.5. What did the doc

31、tor think might happen to Ellen?A. She might put on more weight.B. She might stop eating too much.C. She might have a heart attack.D. She might go to another doctor. Several years ago, a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America. One was a very rich banker, ano

32、ther owned one of the largest companies in the world, and the third owned many buildings in the center of New York.The reporter was talking to them about being important.“How do we know if someone is really important?” the reporter asked the banker.The banker thought for a few moments and then said,

33、 “I think anybody who is invited to the White House to meet the President of the United States is really important.”The reporter then turned to the owner of the very large company. “Do you agree with that?” she asked.The man shook his head, “No. I think the President invites a lot of people to the W

34、hite House. Youd only be important if while you were visiting the President, there was a telephone call from the president of another country, and the President of the US said he was too busy to answer it.”The reporter turned to the third man. “Do you think so?”“No, I dont.” he said. “I dont think t

35、hat makes the visitor important. That makes the President important.”“Then what would make the visitor important?” the reporter and the other two men asked.“Oh, I think if the visitor to the White House was talking to the President and the phone rang, and the President picked up the receiver, listen

36、ed and then said, its for you.”1.This story happened in _.A. England B. America C. Japan D. Australia2.There are _ in this passage.A. two men and two women B. three men and one womanC. three women and one man D. four women3.The banker thought _.A. he was really important because he was a rich banker

37、B. the visitor to the White House was really importantC. the visitor who met the President of the United States in the WhiteHouse was really important.D. the reporter was really important4.The owner of the very large company thought _.A. she was really important because she owned one of the largestc

38、ompaniesB. the banker was really important. C. the owner of many buildings in the center of New York was really importantD. the visitor would be really important if while he was visiting the President, the President would not answer any telephone call5.The owner of many buildings thought _.A. he was

39、 really important because he owned many buildings in the center of New YorkB. the owner of the very large company was really importantC. the visitor was really important if he talking to the President and the President received a telephone call for the visitorD. the person who worked in the White Ho

40、use was really importantADCBCDDCBABADBCBBCDC一、人稱代詞:要注意它們?cè)诰渲惺窃谥鞲裎恢眠€是賓格位置，來(lái)確定用什么格，并注意變化，反身代詞對(duì)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)起著強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，名詞性物主代詞起著名詞作用，它后面不要再加名詞了。而形容詞性的物主代詞要修飾名詞，句中沒(méi)有被修飾的名詞就應(yīng)該用名詞性的物主代詞。1. She is a student, _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his2. Could you help _ with _ English, please.A. I, my B. me, me C. me

41、, my D. my, I3. A friend of _ came here yesterday.A. my B. his C. him D. himself4. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _.A. Toms, my, he B. Toms, mine, hisC. Toms, mine, him D. Toms, my, his5. Most of _like Chinese food.A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs6. Dont you let _ help you

42、 ? A. I and my friend B. my friend and IC. my friend and me D. my friend and I to7. How hard_ works!A. we B. him C. he D. his 8. _ have been chosen.A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You,and me9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _ .A. I B. me C. my D. mine .10. Thats not _, it is_

43、. I made it _ .A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myselfC. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself11. We bought _ English-Chinese dictionaries.A. us B. ours C. ourselves D. to us12. Most people think _ are winning SARS. A. ours B. ourselves C. we D. us二.名詞:在名詞中要注意的是名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)，單、復(fù)數(shù)形式與所有格問(wèn)題。常用的不可數(shù)名詞：

44、milk, , meat, fruit, food, paper, weather；單復(fù)數(shù)一致：sheep, fish(做魚(yú)肉講時(shí),不可數(shù)), Chinese, Japanese；本身就是復(fù)數(shù)形式：people1. There are some _ on the hill.A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes2. Mr Black often gives us _ by Email.A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good inf

45、ormation3. There are some new books in the school library. They are _ books.A. child B. childrens C. children D. childrens4. I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new _ .A. pair B. one C. ones D. trousers5. Meimeis handwriting is better than any other _ in his class.A. students B. students C.

46、 students D. students6. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about _ . A. forty minutess walk B. forty minutes walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes walk7. How many _ are there in your class ? A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian8. I found my black cat in_ room.A. Jim and Mike

47、 B. Jim and Mikes C. Jims and Mikes D. Jims and Mike9. How much are the _ ? A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes10. There are many _ in our school.A. woman teachers B. womans teachers C. women teachers D. womens teachers11. Three months _ a long time for me.A. is B. are C. have D. has12. There

48、are _ and _ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges 三.形容詞和副詞的級(jí)：在形容詞和副詞的級(jí)中要掌握比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)和同級(jí)比較的用法：比較級(jí)中的關(guān)鍵詞是than，在最高級(jí)中in, of表示比較的圍；同級(jí)比較有asas, (not soas)；修飾比較級(jí)的

49、詞常用的有：a little, much, even, still, far等。1. I think English is as _ as math.A. important B. importanter C. more important D. most important2. Which subject do you like _ , math, Chinese or English ?A. better B. best C. well D. very much3. Beijing is one of _ cities in China.A. large B. larger C. the

50、largest D. largest4. Lucy is _ of all.A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest5. Of all the students in our class. Betty writes _ .A. very carefully B. most carefullyC. more carefully D. the most careful6. Can you do the work with _ money and _ people?A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little,

51、less D. lest, fewest7. Chinese is the language spoken by the _ number of the people in the world, but its not as _ as English.A. largest; widely spoken B. large; wide spokenC. larger; widely speaking D. largest; wide speaking8. Kate has some apples. Jim has _ apples than Kate. Meimei has _ of all.A.

52、 more, the most B. the most, more C. more, most D. many, the more9. Bob is _ of the two boys. Mary is _ of the three girls.A. tall, short B. taller, the shorterC. tallest, the shortest D. the taller, the shortest10. This one is not good, that one is _.A. more bad B. even worse C. still worst D. more

53、 badly11. Lets go by car. Its _.A. cheap a lot B. cheap much C. more cheap D. much cheaper12. He drives much _ than he did three years ago.A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully四.賓語(yǔ)從句：在賓語(yǔ)從句中要注意三個(gè)要素，連接詞that, if(whether)和疑問(wèn)詞做連詞。語(yǔ)序，必須是述句的語(yǔ)序。時(shí)態(tài)，主句是一般現(xiàn)在，從句可以是你所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)；主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也必須是相應(yīng)的過(guò)

54、去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去，過(guò)去完成，過(guò)去進(jìn)行，過(guò)去將來(lái))，如果賓語(yǔ)從句是真理或永恒不變的事物，不改變時(shí)態(tài)。1. Do you know _ this time yesterday?A. who are they waiting B. who they are waiting forC. who were they waiting D. who they were waiting for2. Could you tell us _ ?A. if your father does B. what does your father do C . your father does what D. what y

55、our father does3. Can you tell me what _ next Sunday?A. will they do B. they would do C. would they do D. they will do4. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it5. Excuse me, could you tell me _ ?A. when can I get to the station B. I can

56、get to which stationC. which station I can get to D. how I can get to the station6. Can you tell meswheres_ ? .A. is the post office B. the post office is C. does the post office D. the post office does7. Do you know who _ with at eight yesterday ? A. he is talking B. was he talking C. he was talkin

57、g D. is he talking8. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term.A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught9. He told me that the sun _ in the east.A. rises B. raises C. rose D. raised10. The boy asked _ any noise from outside.A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heardC . wh

58、ether have I heard D. whether I have heard11. This map will show you _ .A.where is the Summer Palace B.where the Summer Palace isC.where is the Summer Palace like D. how the Summer Palace is like 12. My brother _ to the ground while _ his bicycle and hurt his leg.A. falls; is he riding B. fell; he w

59、as ridingC. falls; he is riding D. felt; was he riding五.詞語(yǔ)辨析：仔細(xì)審題，注意語(yǔ)境，了解習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)在不同環(huán)境下的表達(dá)方式l. It _ me two hours to get there by bus. A. spent B. took C. used D. paid2. I _ half an hour on my homework yesterday.A. took B. spend C. used D. spent3. A recorder is often _ in our English class.A. used B. spe

60、nt C. taken D. use4. I feel hungry. Please _ me something to eat.A. take B. bring C. carry D. pull5. It is raining. _ the raincoat with you when you go out.A. Bring B. Take C. Put D. Took6. The Young Pioneer _ water for the old man every day.A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries7. I can _ you my dic