2018年高考英語短文改錯專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、Welcome to my class! 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分?！?017全國新課標(biāo)I】 In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving

2、lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I

3、 was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still rem

4、ember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. eighteenththe/mybut/yetwent The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning

5、left！ I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.words Turnlatersuddenof英語高考專題復(fù)習(xí)Error CorrectionCharacteristics of error correction考

6、情分析1.選材特點(diǎn)短文一般100詞左右。多為第一人稱記敘文，偶爾有議論文或者說明文。短文改錯取材于考生自己的作文或類似考生的隨筆，且話題常見。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的難易程度符合中學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平，無生僻的詞語和怪、偏、難的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。2.錯誤類型 錯誤類型有多詞 、少詞和 錯詞三種。 在文章的10個錯誤中，其比例一般為1：1: 8。 Steps of correcting errors（解題步驟）第一步：通讀全文，了解大意。 短文改錯必須從全篇考慮，要理解文章的謀篇布局，弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在閱讀過程中，要注意行文邏輯、文章的時態(tài)以及人稱等。第二步：逐句分析，行中找錯。 短文改錯的命題形式一般是給出一篇文章

7、，文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。這就要求考生在解題時以句子為基礎(chǔ)，在全面理解上下文的同時，又要在每一句中仔細(xì)斟酌，判斷正誤。第三步：再讀短文，檢查漏洞。做完以后，再把文章閱讀一遍，檢查是否有遺漏情況，尤其注意上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。多讀一遍，就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理順。Formulas（改錯歌訣） 動詞形，名詞數(shù)， 還要注意形和副; 代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟。 非謂動詞要記住 ，冠詞連詞常光顧; 習(xí)慣用法及介詞， 邏輯錯誤全關(guān)注。 主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。通常整篇都是過去，突然一個句子用現(xiàn)在時。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時和過去時互改為多。動詞形Last summ

8、er I take a part-time job in the International Camp for children. Everyday he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.As we climbed the mountain，we fed monkeys，visiting temples and told stories.My dream school look like a big garden.tookusedvisitedlooks verbs (動詞)

9、2、名詞數(shù) 錯誤設(shè)置主要包括以下兩個方面 1. 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。 2.用于固定詞組中的一些名詞的特殊用法。 ?？嫉牟豢蓴?shù)名詞有： information, knowledge, advice, furniture, equipment, progress, baggage/luggage(行李), homework, housework 等When I was a young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. Mom has a full-time job, but

10、 she has to do most of the houseworks.Dont lose hearts, and youll be successful in time. They have all sorts of course. Im sure you will find one you like._ _heartchildhouseworkcourses_ nouns(名詞)3.還要注意形和副： 主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的原級或比較級等。系動詞后(am/is/are/was/were/become/smell/taste等) 或名詞前用形容詞。修飾行為動詞、形容詞、

11、過去分詞及整個句子用副詞。Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. The bad meat smells terribly. They were also the best and worse years in my life. Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.worstwonderfulterriblesteadilyadjectives and adverbials(形容詞和副詞)4. 代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟代詞的錯誤特點(diǎn)：人稱代詞主格和賓格的誤用；代詞指代的誤用(指代的人

12、或事物前后不一致的錯誤和代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)誤用等)；不定代詞的誤用；反身代詞的誤用；“it”一詞的不當(dāng)使用(包括用于從句中作形式主語或形式賓語)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school. You may keep the books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to read it.4.It does

13、 not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot. ourboththemmuchpronouns(代詞)5.非謂動詞要記住非謂語動詞：現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，不定式和動名詞。錯誤特點(diǎn)：1.謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的錯用； 2.動詞不定式和動名詞的錯用； 3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的錯用； 4.在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語動詞的誤用。改正策略：1.縱觀全句確定句中動詞所作的句子成分。2.系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動詞的句法功能。 Im looking forward to hear from you soon. The boss made them to work twelve hours

14、 a day. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found his parents were missing.lookinghearingchoosetakingnon-finite verbs（非謂語動詞）6.冠詞連詞常光顧：命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：英語中冠詞只有三個，只能從以下幾個方向出題：1.不定冠詞a 和an 互改2.不定冠詞a 或an 和定冠詞the互改；3.根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。連詞but， and，

15、 or 和so 常考用法錯。which ，who 和that 引導(dǎo)定語從句； what,that,who,why 等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。But in that case，we will learn little about world. At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. I teach them, play with them，but watch them growing up. Clever as she is， but she works very hard.andthe

16、articles and conjunctions (冠詞和連詞)7.習(xí)慣用法及介詞： 主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。 介詞涉及搭配錯誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯誤：一些固定短語中介詞的誤用介詞與連詞或副詞的混用及物動詞之后介詞的多用或不物動詞之后介詞的漏用Now I am leaving home to college.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. They have also bought for some gardeni

17、ng tools.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow(枕頭). offoridiomatic usages and prepositions(習(xí)慣用法和介詞)8.邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注： 與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤，如稱謂上的張冠李戴。Unluckily, he was the only one who finally got the well-paid job.2.There the air is fresh or the mountains are green.

18、3.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. 4.The air keeping the balloon（氣球） up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up.Luckilyandanddowncontext logic（上下文邏輯）Consolidation(鞏固) 動詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副;代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟。 非謂動詞要記住 ，冠詞連詞常光顧; 習(xí)慣用法及介詞， 邏輯錯誤全關(guān)注。Practice 1.Here are

19、the information about Manchester University. 2.Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since 1978.3.I live in Beijing , where is the capital of China.4.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.5.Comparing with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollut

20、ion. iswhichComparedPractice 6. I am deep moved by what she has done for me.7. With help of my teacher, I made great progress in English. 8. He drove too fast, and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket.9. When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famous writer of his day.10.But

21、 his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. deeplythehimlatergoing Homework Finish the following exercises about error correction. Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool. Theylivefarfromtheschool, andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday. Intheirsparetime, theyareint

22、erestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden, thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether. Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools. Beside, theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheinternet. Whensummercame, theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables. 【2017全國新課標(biāo)】

23、WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysicallyandalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowas took,Ienteredmysecondyear ofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthat time, car

24、magazinesandmusicalinstruments. Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic, andcollectingthelatemusicalbums. Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays. 【2017全國新課標(biāo) 】 Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool. Theylivefarfromtheschool, andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday. Intheirsparetime, theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden, thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Th