動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)課件- 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

1、一般體完成體進(jìn)行體完成進(jìn)行體易混時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別目錄動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)010203040506一般體1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主要用動(dòng)詞原形表示，如果主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-esbe動(dòng)詞的變化：am is arehave的變化：has have 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：客觀真理2.用于here there開(kāi)頭的倒裝句中 There goes the bell Here comes the bus The sun rises in the east.1 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示was were一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用

2、法want hope think intend等的過(guò)去式表示“過(guò)去原”used to do ,表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再發(fā)生了 我原以為他是個(gè)老實(shí)人I thought he was an honest man. 他沒(méi)打算傷害你He didnt intend to hurt you.We used to spend our vacation in the mountains.1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成shall 動(dòng)詞原形（第一人稱(chēng)）will 動(dòng)詞原型(各種人稱(chēng))1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法will 動(dòng)詞原型be going to do 動(dòng)詞原型be about to 動(dòng)詞原形 be

3、 on the point of 動(dòng)詞原型come go arrive leave begin start 的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)be to 動(dòng)詞原型will可用來(lái)表示事物固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)表將來(lái)，帶有偶然性、臨時(shí)決定的意思Fish will die without water。1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法2. be going to 動(dòng)詞原型He is going to speak on TV this evening 他今晚要在電視上講話(huà)。was going to 還可以表示“過(guò)去本打算做某事，但未做”I was going to ，but I suddenly remembered I h

4、ad homework to do1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法3. be about to 動(dòng)詞原形 be on the point of 動(dòng)詞原型火車(chē)就開(kāi)了飛機(jī)馬上就要起飛了THe train is about to startThe plane is on the point of taking off 1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法4. come go arrive leave begin start 的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)我將要離開(kāi)北京I am leaving for beijing next month 1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法5.be to 動(dòng)詞原型表示“按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事”

5、表示“應(yīng)該”，相當(dāng)于should 、ought to表示“想，打算”，相當(dāng)于intend want She is to get married next month他將于下個(gè)月結(jié)婚你應(yīng)該報(bào)警You are to report it to the police如果我們要在十點(diǎn)前到那兒，我們現(xiàn)在就得走If we are to be there before ten ,we will have to go now進(jìn)行體1.進(jìn)行體的構(gòu)成2.進(jìn)行體的用法2進(jìn)行體進(jìn)行體的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am 、is、 are+ 現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was 、were+ 現(xiàn)在分詞將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)： will、 shall +be

6、 現(xiàn)在分詞2進(jìn)行體進(jìn)行體的用法表示某一時(shí)刻或階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，具有暫時(shí)性和未完成性的特點(diǎn)表示某階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但并不代表當(dāng)時(shí)動(dòng)作一定在進(jìn)行，常與these days this week 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒，常與always、continually、constantly、all the time等連用 有些動(dòng)詞不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)look smell feel sound taste我并不在這里上班，我只是來(lái)幫忙，直到新秘書(shū)來(lái)了。I dont really work here; I am just helping out unt

7、il the new secretary arrive 這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模型We are making model planes these days他總是先想到別人He is always thinking of others first完成體1.完成體的構(gòu)成2.完成體的用法3完成體完成體的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have、has +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)：had+過(guò)去分詞3完成體現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。lately 、 recently 、 in the past few days、since then、up to now 、so far表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。alr

8、eady、just、yet、before在“最高級(jí)+名詞”或“It /This is the first/second time”之后的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)非延續(xù)性東西可以用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，但是不可以接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如果要加需呀進(jìn)行變換到現(xiàn)在為止，他寫(xiě)了八本書(shū)。He has written 8 books so far我已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了I have already seen the film這是我第一次來(lái)這里This is the first time I have come hereHe has come to beijing since last year () He ha

9、s lived in beijing since last year () He has joined the army for 3years () He has served in the army for 3years ()常見(jiàn)瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞有 buy-have borrow- keep get married- be married leave- -be awaycome back- -be back fall ill- -be ill die _be dead turm off- -be off leave for- -be off tocome/ go-be in/ away get to

10、/ arrive in( at)/reach- -be in 3完成體過(guò)去完成時(shí)一件事發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而另外一件事先于它發(fā)生，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，那么發(fā)生在前的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。表示從過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，常用by、until、before、by the end of表示愿望、打算的詞，hope、expect、mean、intend、want等，其過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖用于某些固定句型中他說(shuō)他在國(guó)外帶了三年了He said that he had been abroad for 3years到那時(shí)，他已學(xué)了3年英語(yǔ)By then he had learne

11、d english for 3years我本打算幫你的，但當(dāng)時(shí)我太忙了I had meant to help you，but i was too busy at that momentHardly、scarcely、when 和 no soonerthan句中。when和than從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，且用倒裝，表示“剛剛就”It was/had bene+ 一段時(shí)間+since從句。since從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。我剛到家，大雨就傾盆而下。我們才剛剛開(kāi)動(dòng)，,汽車(chē)的輪胎就癟了。Hardly/ No sooner had I got home when/than the rain

12、poured down.Harly had we started when the car got a fat tyre.我們有10年沒(méi)那么高興過(guò)了。It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.完成進(jìn)行時(shí)4完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have、has +been doingHe has been learning English for 6years 他學(xué)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)六年了（表示現(xiàn)在還在學(xué)）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)1.主將從現(xiàn)2.含賓語(yǔ)從句的句子時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題3.含虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子中的時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題5 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)1.主將從現(xiàn)，即主句表將來(lái)，從句表現(xiàn)在，這并不是

13、指主從句都要將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在時(shí)無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么，我都不會(huì)改變主意。Whatever you say，I will not change my mind。如果他還在等，就讓他回家If he is still waiting ， tell him to go to home5 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)2.含賓語(yǔ)從句的句子時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)受主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的制約.如果主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或者是將來(lái)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)可以不受影響。如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去式，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般需要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)從句表達(dá)永恒 真理時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不需要變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，繼續(xù)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。He says his father is、w

14、as、will be a teacher .我確信他在床上睡覺(jué)。I was sure he was in bed老師告訴我們長(zhǎng)江發(fā)源于青海。The teacher told us that Yangtze River originates in Qinghai .5 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)3.含虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子中的時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題1.在“would ( should/ought to/ could/ might/ neednt/would like to等) have done sth. ,but.句型中，but后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.在“But for the fact that從句

15、”中，that從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)后面句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的時(shí)間而定。3.It is time+that從句, that從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形。他本應(yīng)該到場(chǎng)，但他那里來(lái)了一個(gè)不速之客。He should have turned up but he had an unexpected visitor要不是他現(xiàn)在很忙，他就在這里了。But for the fact that he is busy now，he would be here.It is time that we went to bed.我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。易混時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別2.

16、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別6易混時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別他服役時(shí)間是2005到2010年。他已經(jīng)在軍中服役五年。He severed in the army from 2005 to 2010He has served in the army for 5 years 我看過(guò)人在囧途之泰囧。 我以前看過(guò)人再?lài)逋局﹪錓have saw Lost in Thailand last year I have seen Lost in Thailand before 6易混時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)指過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或情況，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)指過(guò)去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)