初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(完整)

1、時(shí) 時(shí) 來(lái) 時(shí) 表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)展的活動(dòng)：或表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與頻 - 的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，如： yesterday; lastweek; in1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用after, by, up till )They finished earlier than we had expected.他們提前完成了工作?！斑^(guò)去的 表在將

2、來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和 表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按方案一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。 - He works forus.否認(rèn)句 ：主語(yǔ) don t/doesnt 動(dòng)詞原形其他； 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)方法be going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形be +不定式 ,be to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ,be about to動(dòng)詞原形be able to +不定式be about to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 -He will work forus；He is coming. 這是特殊的用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表達(dá) 將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) 的例子！ (5) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作或最近在做的事。 過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí) 表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)

3、進(jìn)展或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其形式為 was /were+ V-ing 。常與表 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)。例如： While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper. 他邊等車邊看報(bào)。兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的 肯定句：主語(yǔ) +was/were+doing+ 其它 re./No,I 主語(yǔ) +wasnt/werent.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +was/were+ 主語(yǔ) +doing+ 其它He was working when he wasalive.-(7) 將來(lái)進(jìn)展時(shí)主語(yǔ) +

4、will + be +現(xiàn)在分詞 He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would workforus. (10) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) (past perfect) ： 過(guò)去某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在將來(lái)可能還要延續(xù)下去。句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去之前過(guò)去的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去 就是過(guò)去式，而去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在說(shuō) said 的過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)完而不用現(xiàn)完。 1. by the end of last year. By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words. 否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) +had

5、+not+ 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他 -I had finished We had learnt 3 beforereading the novel by nineend of + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： over two thousand English+ 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： (11) 將來(lái)完成時(shí) shall will+have+ 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 before 或 bythe time 引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的 從句 (12) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)should / would have done sth.He said that he would have worked for us.=He said thatforus. have/has been +-ing 分詞He has been working for us for ten years.=Hehasworkedn years. He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=Hesaid that he had worked for us for ten years.(