高中英語-Unit-1-Breaking-records-Grammar1-新人教版選修9課件

1、GrammarSubjectUnit 1GrammarUnit 1Subject The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something. 1. What is Subject? Subject The subject of a sente You can find the subject of a sentence if you can find the verb. Ask the question, “Who or what verbs or verbed

2、?” and the answer to that question is the subject. You can find the subject ofNoun, adjective, nonfinite verb, it, nominative personal pronoun and the subject clause and so on. 2. What can be used as Subject? Noun, adjective, nonfinite verA tree has fallen across the street.The ambulance is arriving

3、.名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動詞的ing形式、從句等可作句子的主語。1. 名詞作主語A tree has fallen across the sYou are a middle school student.He lent me his new bike.Three is enough.Two from five leave three.2. 代詞作主語3. 數(shù)詞作主語You are a middle school studenTo find the truth is very difficult.Its is very difficult to find the truth.Smoking

4、is bad for your health.Seeing is believing.4. 不定式作主語5. 動名詞作主語To find the truth is very diffA 動名詞與不定式都可在句子中作主語。動名詞作主語時一般來說指的是一個概念或一個既成事實。如：注意Teaching English is my job. Teaching English 是一個概念名詞，而不是一個動作。A 動名詞與不定式都可在句子中作主語。動名詞作主語時一般來說B 當一個不定式短語作主語時，我們常用It作形式主語，而把真正的主語動詞不定式放到句子后邊。這樣的句型還用在Itsfor sb. to d

5、oItsof sb. to do中。如果Its后邊的形容詞與人的天資、秉性有關(guān)時，必須用Itsof sb. to do；這類形容詞包括 good, bad, clever, stupid, wise, foolish, cruel, mean 等。如果Its后邊的形容詞與人的天資、秉性無關(guān)時，則要用Its for sb. to do。B 當一個不定式短語作主語時，我們常用It作形式主語，而把真The rich should help the poor.Old and young walked side by side.The disabled are being carefully taken

6、 care of.6. 名詞化的形容詞作主語7. 名詞化的過去分詞作主語The rich should help the poor.Whenever you come will be fine.8. 從句作主語作主語的從句稱為主語從句，可由that，whether，wh-詞等引導(dǎo)。Whenever you come will be fineBetween six and seven in the morning is the time I go joggingNearby is a good place for camping9. 有時介詞短語、副詞或其短語 位于主語位置是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) Betwe

7、en six and seven in the m(1) It is + 形容詞(possible, clear, true, necessary, likely , nice 等) + that(2) It is + 名詞 （a pity , no use , a fact, no wonder 等）+ that用 it 作形式主語的句型有：(1) It is + 形容詞(possible, clea(3) It + 不及物動詞（follows, happens, turns out, goes without saying）+ that(4) It is + 過去分詞（thought, k

8、nown, mentioned, said, expected, suggested, may be safely said, must be admitted, has been decided ）+ that (3) It + 不及物動詞（follows, happen在以上句型中It是形式主語, 真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。在這樣的主語從句中that不能省略, 就其本質(zhì)講，用Thatis well-known; Thatis said也是可以的。但是經(jīng)過長期使用, 上述句型已經(jīng)被固定下來。在以上句型中It是形式主語, 真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句What he had alread

9、y forgotten about computer repair could fill whole volumes. 3. A simple subject can be more than one word, even an entire clause. What he had already forgotten 4. In English, the subject of a command, order, or suggestion - you, the person being directed is usually left out of the sentence and is sa

10、id to be the understood subject.4. In English, the subject of e.g. 1. You step lively there, or Ill leave you behind. 2. Before assembling the swing set, you read these instructions carefully.e.g. 5. For purposes of sentence analysis, the doer or the initiator of action in a sentence is referred to

11、as the agent of the sentence. In an active sentence, the subject is the agent.5. For purposes of sentence ane.g. 1. The Johnsons added a double garage to their house. 2. The jury returned a verdict of manslaughter.e.g. 6. In a passive sentence, the agent is not the subject. In fact,sometimes a passi

12、ve sentence willnot contain an agent. 6. In a passive sentence, the e.g. 1. The deans report was reviewed by the faculty senate. 2. Three cities in the countrys interior were bombed.e.g. AI thank you.BI never heard of it.CIt looks like it.DIt sounds like common sense to me.EIt serves him right.7. In

13、 familiar speech, the subject is sometimes left out when it is a pronoun. We call it omission of the subject.AI thank you.7. In familiar sIn spoken English we often hear sentences like this:AThank you.BNever heard of it.CLooks like it.DSounds like common sense to me.EServes him right.In spoken Engli

14、sh we often hea Underline the subject in these sentences. In groups, check your answers. Then discuss whether you agree with the ideas in the sentences or not.1 Everything that we do is a step in one direction or another. Even the failure to do something is in itself a deed. It sets us forward or ba

15、ckward. (Henry Van Dyke) Underline the subject i 2 To regret ones errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. (Ernest Hemingway)3 The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. (William Makepeace Thaye

16、r)4 Being happy is better than being king. (West African saying) 2 To regret ones error1 We wrote a letter of thanks to _ had helped us. A. who B. those C. whom D. whoever 2 Toms mother kept telling him that he mustnt smoke, but _ didnt help. A. he B. which C. it D. they練習(xí)1 We wrote a letter of than

17、ks 3 _ you dont like him is none of my business. AWhat BIf CThat DWhether4 Just after finishing writing the composition, _. Athe doorbell rang loud BNancy heard the doorbell rang Csomeone knocked at the door Dthe doorbell was rung3 _ you dont like him is n5-The exam was easy, wasnt it? -Yes, but I d

18、ont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody6 They live on a busy main road. _ must be very noisy. A. There B. It C. That D. They5-The exam was easy, wasn7 Im sure the Olympic Games will be held in 2008 in China, _? A. wont it B. wont they C. shall we D. arent I8 While wa

19、tching TV, _. A. the boy came in B. my mother was cooking C. I heard a terrible noise D. the doorbell rang7 Im sure the Olympic Games w9 Hes late,_ is often the case. A. as B. what C. it D. this10It was the training that he has as a young man _ led to his success. A. that B. it C. which D. who9 Hes late,_ is often the11_ about the history of that part because there is not enough written information. APeople know not