2020年全國卷Ⅰ英語高考試卷及答案

1、絕密啟用前2020I）英 語注意事項(xiàng)：1. 2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATrain InformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinposses

2、sionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyour local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run asscheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains orbetween train services and bus services.Lost property（失物招領(lǐng)）Call Lo

3、st Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost1on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday toFriday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is 位于）at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.AustraliaDay,An

4、zacDay,sportingandculturaldays, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day servicesoperate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visittranslink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car pa

5、rk or entrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecallQueenslandRailon13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)Depart6:42pm7:29pm8:57pm11:02pmDestinationVarsity LakesVarsity LakesVarsity LakesVarsity LakesArrive7:37pm8:52pm9:52pm12:22amFortitude ValleyRoma Street21. What would you do to get ticket i

6、nformation?A. Call 13 16 17.B. Visit .au.D. Check the train schedule.C. Ask at the local station.22. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A.6:42 pm.

7、 B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.2BReturning toabook readmanytimes canfeel like drinks withan old friend. Theresa welcome familiarity but also sometimes aslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.But books dontchange, people do. And thatswhat makes the act ofrereading so rich

8、and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the workisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.Itstrue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,itsallaboutthepresent.Its about thenow andwhat one contributes to the readingis a give and take between author and rea

9、der. Each has to pull their ownweight.There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take toreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingwaysAMoveableFeast.Publishedin 1964, his classicmemoir of 1920sParis.The language is almostintoxicating aging writer looking back on an ambitiousyet simpler time.

10、 Another is Annie HolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioSave Twilight Selected Poems, because poetry. And becauseCortazarsCortazar.:While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me asgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginetha

11、t,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthorsworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,itsyouthathastogrowand read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates

12、 the writer-reader relationship.3B. Its a window to a whole new world.C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of oneself.25. What do we know about the book AMoveableFeastA. Its a brief account of a trip.?B. Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C. Its a reco

13、rd of a historic event.D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.26. What does the underlined wordcurrency in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Debt.B. Reward.D. Face value.C. Allowance.27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry. B. Hes an editor.C. Hes very ambitious. D. He teache

14、s reading.CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveits own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and fieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanth

15、emarathon.Butthesportsrulesrequirethata race knees stay straight through most of the leg swing andonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.Itsthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,4saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemState University i

16、n Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesper hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which isapproximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyb

17、urnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodo not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weightwith each step.A

18、s a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running,such as knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the s strange form doesplaceconsiderablestress on the ankles sopeople with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious inadopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try r

19、ace walking shouldprobably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn propertechnique, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good

20、at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over running?5A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less challenging physically.C. Its more effective in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30 What is Dr. Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking?A.

21、Getting experts opinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.C. Tolerant.B. Objective.D. Conservative.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subjecto

22、f scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. Astudyconductedinexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshownto be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated withhouseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute

23、of Technology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurther changingtheactualcompositionofplantsin order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. Theseinclude plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show whentheyre shortofwater andaplant thatcan detect harmful chemicals ingroundwater. thi

24、nkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplace6functionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,explainedMichaelStrano,a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（發(fā)光）inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Stranosteamfoundthattheycould create a faint light for t

25、hree-and-a-half hours. The light, aboutone-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsorevento turn tree into self-powered street lamps.Inthe future,theteamhopes todevelop a versionof the technologythat can be sprayed onto pl

26、ant leaves in a one-off treatment that wouldlast the lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an onand offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed inthe US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power s

27、ource（電源） suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway a lot of energy is lost Glowingplants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from vario

28、us workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MITengineers?A. To detect plants lack of water.B. To change compositions of plants.7C. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.34. What can we expect of the glowing

29、 plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How

30、 do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWeallwantit toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoo difficult and too far out of reach. 36 s a handful of waysthat wil

31、l set you in the right direction. 37 Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feelempowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your lifeis your own; you are the only you in this world.Forgiveyourself for mistake

32、s that you have made. We are often8ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 Youwill make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught upinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response? Thatdidntgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.Recognizeallof

33、yourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyou got out of bed today. 39Now that listed your strengths, list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why

34、you feel unworthy, whyyoudontfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself. 40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E Set an intention fo

35、r self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) （共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttelling9themthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The 41 isobvious.I

36、f we 42 it is a door, want to go outside 43 . It willdrive us crazy. The kids apparentlyknow the 44 . But our insistingits 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests toopen the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day ll 47 and discover thateverything theyve always known about windows is a

37、 48 .Iwonderif 49 shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe 50 .I have a very strong 51 that the lie weretelling is doing 52damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 喻） meanings. telling them they open what they absolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin 54 theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（機(jī)

38、會） ofsomesort,and 55 openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust 56 itandwonder, Whatifitisnt a door? That is, What if it isnt a 57 opportunity?Maybe an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say,No.We go outside Then when they come to othe

39、r doors in life,be they real or metaphorical, they 60 to open them and walkthrough.41. A. relief42. A. admitB. targetC. reasonD. caseB. believeB. constantlyB. dangerC. meanD. realize43. A. gradually44. A. result45. A. merely46. A. reviewingC. temporarilyC. methodD. casuallyD. truthB. slightlyB. appr

40、ovingC. hardlyD. partlyC. receivingD. attempting47. A. win out48. A. dreamB. give upB. lieC. wake upC. fantasyC. colleaguesD. stand outD. fact49. A. parentsB. twinsD. teachers50.A. restrictions B. explanationsC. differences D. consequences51. A. demandB. fearC. desireC. spiritualC. doubleC. replyD.

41、doubt52. A. physicalB. biologicalD. behavioralD. originalD. history53. A. traditional B. important54. A. life B. time55.A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of56. A. get hold of B. stare at57. A. real B. TypicalC. knock onC. similarD. make use ofD. limitedD. top secret

42、D. accept58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line59. A. delay60. A. hurryB. regretB. decideC. enjoyC. hesitateD. intend第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the farsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChange-4probe(探測器) thena

43、mewasinspired by an ancient Chinese moon 61 (touch) down lastweek in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the s far side is62 (extreme)challenging.Becausethebodyblocksdirectradiocommunication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbitabove the moon in a spot 63 it could send signal

44、s to the spacecraftand to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular64(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters 山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope touse the instruments onboard 66 (find) and study areas ofthe South Pole-Aitken basin. really excites CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,it 67 (mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon68(construct). Dataaboutthecomposition,suchashow 69 iceand other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are