2015年6月英語四六級閱讀理解答案_第1頁
2015年6月英語四六級閱讀理解答案_第2頁
2015年6月英語四六級閱讀理解答案_第3頁
2015年6月英語四六級閱讀理解答案_第4頁
2015年6月英語四六級閱讀理解答案_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩13頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

SectionCPassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeopleincreasinglyworklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged62-74withaprofessionaldegreeareintheworkforce,comparedwith32%ofmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.Thisgapispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educatedwell-offandtheunskilledpoor.Rapidtechnologicaladvancehasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhilesqueezingthoseoftheunskilled.Theconsequences,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisfacinganastonishingriseintheofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(長壽)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwillleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswellingranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandtheidleoldmissesanewtrend,thegrowinggapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Employmentratesarefailingamongyoungerunskilledpeople,whereasolderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomers(二戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的美國人)areputtingoffretirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoungerpeoplehaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedXtoretireearly.Risinglifeexpectancy(預(yù)期生命)‘combinedwiththereplace-Xpensionplanswithlessgenerousdefined-contributionones,meansthateventhebetter-offmustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalsoplaysabigrole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinuetoreaprichrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethattheprecedinggeneration.Technologicalchargemaywellreinforcethatshift;theskillsthatcomplementcomputers,frommanagementknowhowtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.WhatishappeningintheworkforceinrichcountriesYoungerpeoplearereplacingtheelderly.Well-educatedpeopletendtoworklonger.Unemploymentratesarerisingyearafteryear.Peoplewithnocollagedegreedonoteasilyfindwork【答案】BWhathashelpeddeepenthedividebetweenthewell-offandthepoorLongerlifeexpectancies.Arapidtechnologicaladvance.Profoundchangesintheworkforce.Agrowingnumberofthewell-educated.【答案】BWhatdomanyobserverspredictinviewoftheexperienceoftheexperienceofthe20thcenturyEconomicgrowthwillslowdown.Governmentbudgetswillincrease.Morepeoplewilltrytopursuehighereducation.Therewillbemorecompetitioninthejobmarket.【答案】AWhatistheresultofpolicychangesinEuropeancountriesUnskilledworkersmaychoosetoretireearly.Morepeoplehavetoreceivein-servicetraining.Evenwealthypeoplemustworklongertolivecomfortablyinretirement.Peoplemaybeabletoenjoygenerousdefined-benefitsfrompensionplans.【答案】CWhatischaracteristicofworkinthe21stcenturyComputerswilldomorecomplicatedwork.Morewillbetheeducatedyoung.Mostjobstobedonewillbecreativeones.Skillsarehighlyvaluedregardlessofage.【答案】DPassageTwoQuestions62to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Someoftheworld'smostsignsignificantproblemshitheadlines.Oneexamplecomesfromagriculture.Foodriotsandhungermakenews.Butthetrendlyingbehindthesemattersisrarelytalkedabout.Thisisthedeclineinthegrowthinyieldsofsomeoftheworld'smajorcrops.AnewstudybytheUniversityofMinnesotaandMcGillUniversityinMontreallooksatwhere,andhowfar,thisdeclineisoccurring.Theauthorstakeavastnumberofdatapointsforthefourmostimportantcrops:rice,wheat,cornandsoyabeans大豆).Theyfindthatonbetween24%and39%ofallharvestedareas,theimprovementinyieldsthattookplacebeforethe1980ssloweddowninthe1990sand2000s.Therearetwoworryingfeaturesoftheslowdown.Oneisthatithasbeenparticularlysharpintheworld'smostpopulous(人口多的)countries,IndiaandChina.Theirabilitytofeedthemselveshasbeenanimportantsourceofrelativestabilitybothwithinthecountriesandonworldfoodmarkets.Thatself-sufficiencycannotbetakenforgrantedifyieldscontinuetoslowdownorreverse.Second,yieldgrowthhasbeenlowerinwheatandricethanincornandsoyabeans.Thisisproblematicbecausewheatandricearemoreimportantasfoods,accountingforaroundhalfofallcaloriesconsumed.Cornandsoyabeansaremoreimportantasfeedgrains.Theauthorsnotethat"wehavepreferentiallyfocusedourcropimprovementeffortsonfeedinganimalsandcarsratherthanoncropsthatfeedpeopleandarethebasisoffoodsecurityinmuchoftheworld."Thereportqualifiesthemoreoptimisticfindingsofanothernewpaperwhichsuggeststhattheworldwillnothavetodigupalotmorelandforfarminginordertofeed9billionpeoplein2050,astheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationhasargued.Instead,itsays,thankstoslowingpopulationgrowth,landcurrentlyploughedupforcropsmightbeabletorevert(回返)toforestorwilderness.Thiscouldhappen.Thetroubleisthattheforecastassumescontinuedimprovementsinyields,whichmaynotactuallyhappen.WhatdoestheauthortrytodrawattentiontoFoodriotsandhungerintheworld.Thedeclineofthegrainyieldgrowth.Newsheadlinesintheleadingmedia.Thefoodsupplyinpopulouscountries.【答案】BWhydoestheauthormentionIndiaandChinainparticularTheirself-sufficiencyisvitaltothestabilityofworldfoodmarkets.Theirfoodyieldshavebeguntodecreasesharplyinrecentyears.Theirbigpopulationsarecausingworldwideconcerns.Theirfoodself-sufficiencyhasbeentakenforgranted.【答案】AWhatdoesthenewstudybythetwouniversitiessayaboutrecentcropimprovementeffortsTheyfailtoproducethesameremarkableresultsasbeforethe1980s.Theycontributealottotheimprovementofhumanfoodproduction.Theyplayamajorroleinguaranteeingthefoodsecurityoftheworld.theyfocusmoreontheincreaseofanimalfeedthanhumanfoodgrains.【答案】DWhatdoestheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationsayaboutworldfoodproductioninthecomingdecadesThegrowingpopulationwillgreatlyincreasethepressureonworldfoodsupplies.Theoptimisticpredictionaboutfoodproductionshouldbeviewedwithcaution.Theslowdownofthegrowthinyieldsofmajorfoodcropswillbereversed.Theworldwillbeabletofeeditspopulationwithoutincreasingfarmland.【答案】DHowdoestheauthorviewtheargumentoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationItisbuiltonthefindingsofanewstudy.Itisbasedonadoubtfulassumption.Itisbackedbystrongevidence.Itisopentofurtherdiscussion.【答案】B四級第一套SectionCPassageOneQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreen(防曬霜)keepsyousafefromharmfulrays,youmaybewrong.Researchinthisweek'sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas(黑瘤)anddelaystheiroccurrence,itcan'tpreventthem.Melanomasarethemostaggressiveskincancers.Youhaveahigherriskifyouhaveredorblondhair,fairskin,blueorgreeneyes,orsunburneasily,orifacloserelativehashadone.Melanomasaremorecommonifyouhaveperiodicintenseexposuretothesun.Otherskincancersareincreasinglylikelywithlong-termexposure.Thereiscontinuingdebateastohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomas—theevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer.A2011Australianstudyof1,621peoplefoundthatpeoplerandomlyselectedtoapplysunscreendailyhadhalftherateofmelanomasofpeoplewhousedcreamasneeded.Asecondstudy,comparing1,167peoplewithmelanomasto1,101whodidn'thavethecancer,foundthatusingsunscreenroutinely,alongsideotherprotectionsuchashats,longsleevesorstayingintheshade,didgivesomeprotection.Thisstudysaidotherformsofsunprotection—notsunscreen—seemedmostbeneficial.Thestudyreliedonpeoplerememberingwhattheyhaddoneovereachdecadeoftheirlives,soit'snotentirelyreliable.Butitseemsreasonabletothinksunscreengivespeopleafalsesenseofsecurityinthesun.Manypeoplealsodon'tusesunscreenproperly-applyinginsufficientamounts,failingtoreapplyafteracoupleofhoursandstayinginthesuntoolong.Itissunburnthatismostworrying-recentshowsfiveepisodesofsunburnintheteenageyearsincreasestheriskofallskincancers.Thegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomarates,asshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign.Soifthereisaheatwavethissummer,itwouldbebestforus,too,tosliponashirt,slopon(抹上)sunscreenandslaponahat.【題干】Whatispeople'scommonexpectationofahigh-factorsunscreenItwilldelaytheoccurrenceofskincancer.Itwillprotectthemfromsunburn.Itwillkeeptheirskinsmoothandfair.Itwillworkforpeopleofanyskincolor.【答案】B【題干】WhatdoestheresearchinNaturesayaboutahigh-factorsunscreenItisineffectiveinpreventingmelanomas.Itisineffectiveincaseofintensesunlight.Itisineffectivewithlong-termexposure.Itisineffectiveforpeoplewithfairskin.【答案】C【題干】Whatdowelearnfromthe2011Australianstudyof1,621peopleSunscreenshouldbeappliedalongsideotherprotectionmeasures.High-riskpeoplebenefitthemostfromtheapplicationofsunscreen.Irregularapplicationofsunscreendoeswomenmoreharmthangood.Dailyapplicationofsunscreenhelpsreducetheincidenceofmelanomas.【答案】D【題干】WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesecondAustralianstudyItmisleadspeopletorelyonsunscreenforprotectionIthelpspeopletoselectthemosteffectivesunscreenItisnotbasedondirectobservationofthesubjects.ItconfirmstheresultsofthefirstAustralianstudy.【答案】D【題干】WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttoreducemelanomaratesUsingbothcoveringupandsunscreen.Stayingintheshadewheneverpossible.Usingcoveringupinsteadofsunscreen.Applyingtherightamountofsunscreen.【答案】APassageTwoQuestions62to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeopleincreasinglyworklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged62-74withaprofessionaldegreeareintheworkforce,comparedwith32%ofmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.Thisgapispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educatedwell-offandtheunskilledpoor.Rapidtechnologicaladvancehasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhilesqueezingthoseoftheunskilled.Theconsequences,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisfacinganastonishingriseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(長壽)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwillleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswellingranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandtheidleoldmissesanewtrend,thegrowinggapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilledpeople,whereasolderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomers(二戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的美國人)areputtingoffretirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoungerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.Policyispartlyresponsible.ManyEuropeangovernmentshaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedtoencouragepeopletoretireearly.Risinglifeexpectancy(預(yù)期壽命),combinedwiththereplacementofgenerousdefined-benefitpensionplanswithlessgenerousdefined-contributionones,meansthateventhebetter-offmustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalsoplaysabigrole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinuetoreaprichrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethantheprecedinggeneration.Technologicalchangemaywellreinforcethatshift:theskillsthatcomplementcomputers,frommanagementknowhowtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.【題干】WhatishappeningintheworkforceinrichcountriesYoungerpeoplearereplacingtheelderly.Well-educatedpeopletendtoworklonger.Unemploymentratesarerisingyearafteryear.Peoplewithnocollegedegreedonoteasilyfindwork.【答案】B【題干】Whathashelpeddeepenthedividebetweenthewell-offandthepoorLongerlifeexpectancies.Profoundchangesintheworkforce.Arapidtechnologicaladvance.Agrowingnumberofthewell-educated.【答案】C【題干】Whatdomanyobserverspredictinviewoftheexperienceofthe20thcenturyEconomicgrowthwillslowdown.Governmentbudgetswillincrease.Morepeoplewilltrytopursuehighereducation.Therewillbemorecompetitioninthejobmarket.【答案】A【題干】WhatistheresultofpolicychangesinEuropeancountriesUnskilledworkersmaychoosetoretireearly.Morepeoplehavetoreceivein-servicetraining.Evenwealthypeoplemustworklongertolivecomfortablyinretirement.Peoplemaybeabletoenjoygenerousdefined-benefitsfrompensionplans.【答案】C【題干】Whatischaracteristicofworkinthe21stcenturyComputerswilldomorecomplicatedwork.Morewillbetakenbytheeducatedyoung.Mostjobstobedonewillbecreativeones.Skillsarehighlyvaluedregardlessofage.【答案】D四級卷三仮詠;:警T呎「呵嗆如出陰昭詢訕womcnIn曲Mamfulure?;:、畤W:"兄比用komthe[n;ndofmt>r^伯thg^my邊單hQJDftj[I?譏川Uiidhigb^uymgpr

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論