考研考博-英語-山西職業(yè)技術(shù)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西職業(yè)技術(shù)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

BeforehewenttoJapanonabusinesstrip,Mr.Henryhad（

）theday-to-daymanagementofhiscompanytohisson.

問題1選項

A.turnedup

B.turnedover

C.turnedto

D.turnedinto

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。turnedup“出現(xiàn)”；turnedover“翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交給”；turnedto“轉(zhuǎn)向”；turnedinto“變成”。句意：在亨利先生前往日本出差前，他把公司的日常管理權(quán)移交給他的兒子。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesurface,causedbyatoogreatsupplyofair.Theotherwasthecrushingofthebody,causedbyasuddendivingintodeepwater.Thesuddenrisetothesurfacecouldkillthediver;asuddendivecouldforcehisbodyupintothehelmet,whichcouldalsoresultindeath.

Graduallythe“hard-hatsuit”wasimprovedsothatthedivercouldbegivenaconstantsupplyofair.Thedivercouldthenmovearoundundertheoceanwithoutworryingabouttheairsupply.

Duringthe1940sdivingunderwaterwithoutaspecialsuitbecamepopular.Instead,diversusedabreathingdeviceandasmallcoveringmadeofrubberandglassoverpartsoftheface.Toimprovetheswimmer’sspeedanothernewinventionwasused：apieceofrubbershapedlikeagiantfoot,whichwasattachedtoeachofthediver’sownfeet.Themanufactureofrubberbreathingpipesmadeitpossiblefordiverstofloatonthesurfaceofthewater,observingthemarinelifeunderneaththem.Aspecialrubbersuitenabledthemtostayincoldwaterforlongperiods,collectingspecimensofanimalandvegetablelifethathadneverbeenobtainedinthepast.

Themostimportantadvance,however,wastheinventionofaself-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus,whichiscalleda“scuba”.

InventedbytwoFrenchmen,JacquesCousteauandEmileGagnan,thescubaconsistsofamouth-piecejoinedtooneortwotanksofcompressedairwhichareattachedtothediver’sback.

Thescubamakesitpossibleforadiver-scientisttowork200feetunderwaterorevendeeperforseveralhours.Asaresult,scientistscannowmovearoundfreelyatgreatdepths,learningaboutthewondersofthesea.

1.Themainprogressmentionedinthispassagewas（

）.

2.AninventionofanItalianprofessor（

）.

3.Siebes’inventionwasnotaperfectone,because（

）.

4.Theword“scuba”is（

）.

問題1選項

A.anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbag

B.meninventedthebestdivingdevices

C.anItalianpainterdesignedacompletedivingsuit

D.anairbag

問題2選項

A.workedoutverywell

B.can“clean”theair

C.inspiredlaterinventions

D.wasusedtoremovemoisture

問題3選項

A.toosmallasupplyofaircouldresultinasuddenrisetothesurface

B.asuddendiveintodeepwatercouldcausethecrushingofthebody

C.theairpipeattachedtoamachinecouldbeabovethesurface

D.bothAandB

問題4選項

A.acertaindiver’sname

B.anoriginalEnglishword

C.namedbytheinventor

D.anacronym

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文中的單詞“invented,developed,improved”以及“themostimportantadvance”可以知道，文章一直在闡述潛水裝備的發(fā)展進程。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“itgavelaterinventorstheidea”這一句得知選項C最符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第三句，“Butthereweretwodangers…Onewas…Theotherwas…,”選項B最符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“self-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus”，可知scuda是首字母縮略詞，選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Theyhaveareciprocalloathingforeachother.

問題1選項

A.aslighttrusting

B.adeepmotivating

C.amutualdisgust

D.alastingfight

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項aslighttrusting輕微的信任；B選項adeepmotivating深刻的激勵；C選項amutualdisgust相互間厭惡；D選項alastingfight持久的斗爭。根據(jù)句意可知：他們都很厭惡對方，因此選擇C選項。

4.單選題

Manyinnovativebreakthroughscomeaboutwhenpeopleventurebeyondtheirownareasofexpertise,becauseoftenittakesanoutsidertoaskthenaivequestionthatmayyield_______solution.

問題1選項

A.aconstructive

B.anunconventional

C.anagreeable

D.apractical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項constructive“有建設性的”；B選項unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”；C選項agreeable“愉悅的；欣然同意的；可以接受的”；D選項practical“實際的；實用的”。句意：當人們在自己的專業(yè)領域之外冒險時，許多創(chuàng)新的突破會出現(xiàn)，因為通常需要一個局外人來問一個天真的問題，而這問題可能產(chǎn)生_______解決方案。根據(jù)語境，這里指新人會問聽起來很外行的問題，但就是這種問題引出解決方案，新人問的問題通常unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”。因此B選項正確。

5.單選題

Inspiteoftherain,the______spectatorswaitedpatientlyforthedelayedstartofthegame.

問題1選項

A.industrious

B.ingenious

C.chaotic

D.assiduous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項industrious“勤奮的，勤勞的”，B項ingenious“有獨創(chuàng)性的，機靈的，精制的”，C項chaotic“混沌的，混亂的”，D項assiduous“兢兢業(yè)業(yè)的，孜孜不倦的”。由spectators（觀眾）和thedelayedstartofthegame（被推遲的比賽開始）可知，當時的現(xiàn)場應該是“混亂的”，C項符合。句意：盡管下著雨，但是混亂的觀眾耐心地等待著被推遲的比賽開始。因此，該題選擇C項。

6.單選題

Theyarenolongeronspeakingtermsbecauseshe（）hisconfidence.

問題1選項

A.exposed

B.destroyed

C.proved

D.betrayed

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。expose“揭露，曝光”;destroy“毀滅，破壞”;prove“證明，檢驗，顯示”;betray“背叛，出賣”。句意：他們不再和睦相處了，因為她背叛了他的信任。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

PenguinsdonotsufferfromthecoldinAntarcticabecausetheirfeathers（）aprotectiveoil.

問題1選項

A.secrete

B.warm

C.hide

D.absorb

【答案】A

【解析】secrete藏匿,分泌；warm使...溫暖；hide隱藏；absorb吸收,承受。句意：企鵝在南極洲不受寒冷的影響,因為它們的羽毛分泌一種保護性的油。選項A符合句意。

8.單選題

TheGermangeneralstaffmadeanotherdangerousconcessiontowhattheyconsideredamilitarynecessity.Theplanwouldbe（）notwhencountriesformallydeclaredwarbutsimplywhentheyorderedmobilization.

問題1選項

A.triggered

B.triggering

C.trifling

D.trifled

【答案】A

【解析】trigger引起，發(fā)動；trifle浪費，嘲弄。根據(jù)句意：德國總參謀部對他們認為是軍事需要的東西又作了危險的讓步。該計劃不會在國家正式宣戰(zhàn)時啟動，而只是在國家下令動員時啟動。首先排除選項C和D，計劃是被啟動，所以選項A正確。

9.單選題

Thesunisnotgrowingweaker,yetitslightappearstobedimming.Between1960and1990,somescientistsbelieve,theamountofsolarradiationreachingEarth’ssurfacemayhavedeclinedasmuchas10%—andinsomeplaces,HongKong,forexample,morethan35%.

Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck,saysVeerabhadranRamanthan,anatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thenthefullimpactofthebuildupofgreenhousegaseshasyettobefelt.Thisweek,attheAmericanGeophysicalUnionmeetinginMontreal,Ramanathanandotherswillbepresentingthelatestdataonthesolar-dimmingproblemandponderingitsimplicationsfortheclimatesystemasawhole.

Manyscenariosforglobalwarming,forexample,invokeaspeedupinthehydrologicalcyclebywhichwaterevaporatesandthencomesdownasrain.Thecoolingproducedbysolardimming,however,mayslowtherateofevaporation,whilehigherupintheatmospherethepollutantsresponsibleforabsorbingandreflectingsunlightarelikelytointerferewiththeprocessthatproducesrain.

Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.

Manyquestionsremain,includingthetrueextentofthedimming.Oneanalysispegstheaverageworldwidedarkeningtobeabout4%overthreedecades,whileanothercomputesittobemorethantwicethatmuch.TherearealsoquestionsaboutthereliabilityofthedevicesthatmeasurethesunlightreachingEarth’ssurface.Knownasradiometers,theseinstrumentsarenothingmorethanflat,blacksolarcollectorscappedwithglass.Theyaresometimesfinicky:asmudgeofdirtoraspeckofdustcancausebogusreadingsandchangethecalculatedresults.

Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.AsRamanthanputsit,“It’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”—anditcouldturnouttobeaverybiggorillaindeed.

1.Bytug-of-war,(line4,Paragraph2),theauthormeans（

）.

2.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthecurrentclimatesituation?

3.Whenmentioning“it’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”(Line4,Paragraph6),theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcannotserveasfactorofcausingthecoolingsurfaceoftheplanet?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.thedifferenteffectofsolardimmingandglobalwarming

B.theimpactofthesolardimmingontheclimatesystem

C.theinfluenceofthesolardimmingontheglobalwarming

D.theinteractionbetweenthesolardimmingandglobalwarming

問題2選項

A.Serious

B.Optimistic

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

問題3選項

A.scientistshouldhaveacloselookatthesolardimmingproblem

B.wearefacinganewproblemwhichisverycomplicatedanddifficulttomanage

C.wearejustbeginningtohaveresearchonthisnewfield

D.thenewsolardimmingproblemisbeyondscientists’abilitytotackle

問題4選項

A.Thelackoftherainintheplanet.

B.Theincreasingofthepollutants.

C.Theformingoftheclouddroplets.

D.Thelessweightoftheclouddroplets.

問題5選項

A.Theinstrumentsusedinthestudyaretoosimpletofunctionwell.

B.Livingthingsintheearthwillbegreatlyinfluencedbysolardimming.

C.Thereisstillalongwaytogointhestudyofsolardimming.

D.Thefindingsthatthesolardimminghasinfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetaredoubtful.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.詞義題。由第二段“Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.發(fā)生了什么事?在這30年里，空氣污染的加劇——尤其是在亞洲——在云層增加的幫助下，可能對地球表面產(chǎn)生了降溫的影響，而二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體卻在促使大氣變暖。這種拉鋸戰(zhàn)對氣候系統(tǒng)的影響可能極其難以理清?！笨芍猼ug-of-war指全球變暖以及云層增加導致地面降溫，太陽變暗的相互作用。故D項正確。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。由第二段“Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck…與此同時，沒有比這更緊迫的任務了。因為如果全球污染助長了全球變暖的話……?！笨芍茖W家認為當前的氣候形勢是十分嚴峻的。故A項正確。

3.推理判斷題。通讀最后一段“Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.換句話說，太陽變暗仍然是一個仍在界定過程中的問題，隨著它的范圍變得更清楚，世界所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)也將更清楚。盡管科學家們已經(jīng)對全球變暖做了很多思考，但他們剛剛開始解決全球變暖和太陽變暗如何相互作用的問題?！笨芍栕儼颠@個問題，科學家們還才剛剛開始研究，還有很多東西需要了解。最后以Ramanthan的話結(jié)尾，那么結(jié)尾語應該與上文呼應，即太陽變暗這個問題，還才開始，比較難以處理。故B項正確。

4.推理判斷題。通讀第四段“Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.為什么?這些污染物以被稱為氣溶膠的微小空氣微粒的形式存在，它們充當云滴形成的核心。問題是，大氣中有太多的懸浮顆粒在爭奪水分子，所以形成的云滴太小，永遠不會重到足以落到地面。哥倫比亞大學拉蒙特-多爾蒂地球觀測站的大氣物理學家貝亞特?利佩特說，這樣一來，大氣層就會充滿水分，而地球表面卻渴望雨水?！笨芍狝項“地球缺少雨水”是結(jié)果，而非原因。B項“污染物的增加”，C項“云滴的形成”，D項“云滴的重量較輕”都是導致地球大氣層溫度低的原因。

5.推理判斷題。本文最后一段提到對于太陽變暗這個問題?？茖W家的研究還才剛開始，還有很多東西不了解，故C項“在太陽變暗這個問題的研究上還有很長的路要走”正確。

10.翻譯題

Ifwemeanbycapitalismamethodoforganizingtheeconomywhichrestsontheprofitmotiveandthefreeplayofmarketforces,thenwecanbequitesurethatitwillbearoundforthe21stcentury.Themotivationtocompete,toownandacquirewealthisafundamentalfactofhumanexistence,justliketheneedtoeatorsleep.It’snotgoingtobeeradicated.

Onceyouacceptthatcompetitionviamarketsandpricesisthemaindrivingforceofeconomiclife,thesecondlessonisthatwhilethisisnecessaryitisnotasufficientmechanismfororderingsociety.Purefreecapitalismhadabrief,ifpowerful,heydayfromthelate1970stotheearly1990s,butitisnowclearthatphaseisover.Ifthedenialofcapitalismhasutterlyfailed,sohasthebeliefthatmarketsalonearesufficientcontrol—thoughithasnotfailedquitesospectacularly.

Idon’texpecttoseeanothereconomiccrisisofthescaleofthatinthe1970sforatleastanotherfifteenyears.Whenitdoeseventuallycome,itwillprobablybefromsometotallyunexpecteddirection.Unemploymentwillcontinuetodecline,andwhenpeoplenolongerfearthelossoftheirjobs,soadegreeofcomplacencycreepsinandtheirvalueschange.

Itmaywellbeexactlythatprocesswhich,ironically,causesthenexteconomiccrisis—butit’salongwayyet.

【答案】如果我們說的資本主義制度是指一種依靠利潤動機和市場力量自由發(fā)揮的經(jīng)濟組織方法，那我們就可以確信它將在21世紀繼續(xù)存在。就像人類生存的基本事實是需要去競爭、擁有和獲取財富的動力一樣，它不會被消除。

一旦你接受市場和價格的競爭是經(jīng)濟生活的主要驅(qū)動力這一觀點，那么第二個經(jīng)驗教訓就是，盡管這種競爭是必須的，但這種機制還不足以幫助建立有序社會。從20世紀70年代末到90年代初，完全自由的資本主義有一個短暫、強大的鼎盛時期，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)很清楚，那個階段結(jié)束了。如果對資本主義制度的否定已經(jīng)完全失敗，那種市場足以自我調(diào)控的想法也已經(jīng)失敗——雖然它的失敗沒有那么引人注目。

至少在下一個15年，我不希望看到另一場像20世紀70年代那樣規(guī)模的經(jīng)濟危機。如果它最終真的來臨，很可能會來自某個完全意想不到的方向。失業(yè)率將繼續(xù)下降；而當人們不再擔心失去工作時，一定程度的自滿就會悄然而至，隨后他們的價值觀也會改變。

具有諷刺意味的是，很可能正是這一過程導致下一場經(jīng)濟危機——但這個過程還會持續(xù)很長時間。

11.單選題

Thetermindustrialdesignwas________in1919bytheAmericanindustrialdesignerJosephSinel.

問題1選項

A.originated

B.coined

C.inspired

D.inserted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.originated起源，發(fā)源B.coined創(chuàng)造，獨撰

C.inspired激勵，鼓舞D.inserted插入，嵌入

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處前面有be動詞was，和動詞的過去分詞形式共同構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，動作的執(zhí)行者是“美國工業(yè)設計師約瑟夫?西內(nèi)爾”，動作的承受者是“工業(yè)設計這個術(shù)語（term）”，由此可知，本句表達的是以前并沒有工業(yè)設計這個詞，是約瑟夫?西內(nèi)爾在1919年提出來的。coin指創(chuàng)造一個新的詞或短語，然后其他人開始使用，因此B選項coined“創(chuàng)造，獨撰”最符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項originated“起源，發(fā)源”指在某一特定的地方或情況中首次發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)，不能和“term（術(shù)語）”進行搭配；

C選項inspired“激勵，鼓舞”指給某人做某事的欲望、信心或熱情，不能和“term（術(shù)語）”進行搭配；

D選項inserted“插入，嵌入”指把某物放入另一物中或夾在兩物之間，不能和“term（術(shù)語）”進行搭配。

【句意】工業(yè)設計這個術(shù)語是由美國工業(yè)設計師約瑟夫?西內(nèi)爾在1919年創(chuàng)造的。

12.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youareexpectedtowriteacompositionentitled“HasTechnologyMadetheWorldaBetterPlacetoLive?“innolessthan300wordsPleasewriteyourcompositionreadableandneatlyontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】略

13.填空題

WhenIwasinprimaryschool,（1）teacherwasfemale(thisincluded

（2）theoneswhocoachedourfootball),butstartinginmyseventhyearofschoolIhadoccasional（3）instructorstoo.

【答案】1.every

2.even

3.male

【解析】1.語義題。Every每一個。

2.邏輯銜接。此句表示讓步,因此用even。

3.語義題。Male男性的。

14.單選題

IcelandliesfarnorthintheAtlantic,withitsnorthernmosttipactually

theArcticCircle.

問題1選項

A.touched

B.touching

C.beingtouched

D.touches

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)前半部分內(nèi)容可知句子已經(jīng)有謂語部分，因此空格處不可能再出現(xiàn)謂語形式，因此可知只能選擇非謂語動詞。再判斷出Iceland與ArcticCircle是主動關(guān)系，因此選項B符合題意。句意：冰島位于大西洋北部，最北端與北極圈相接。

15.單選題

IfHillaryClintonmadeherwidelyanticipatedbidforthepresidency,wouldheragebecomealegitimateissue?

SkepticshavealreadytakentotheInternettoraisetheirconcerns.IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980.Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,andhishealthprovedsofragilethathecontractedpneumonia(肺炎)oninaugurationdayin1841anddiedamonthlater.Infact,abouthalfofthe43menwhohaveheldthenation’stopofficewitheredanddiedwellbeforeevenreachingHillary's2016ElectionDayage.

Thelasthalf-centuryofpresidentialhistoryservedtoshieldtheAmericanpeoplefromsuchbrutaltruthsaboutpresidentialmortality.TheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedyin1963,adefiningeventsforClintonandherfellowBabyBoomers,markedthelasttimeachiefexecutivediedinoffice.ButbeforethatbloodydayinDallas,duringasadspanof122years,sittingpresidentsperishedwithrevoltingregularity.

Harrisondiedfourweeksintohistermin1841,andZacharyTaylorsuccumbedtomysteriousdigestiveailmentsnineyearslater.AssassinskilledAbrahamLincolnin1865,JamesGarfieldin1881andWilliamMcKinleyin1901.CirculatoryproblemsclaimedWarrenHardingin1923,andacerebralhemorrhage(腦出血)dispatchedFranklinRooseveltin1945.AllthesedisastersstruckpresidentsyoungerthanHillarywouldbeonherfirstdayinoffice.ButabalancedresponsetoconcernsoverClinton’sagerevealsrecent,relevantchangesinpresidentiallifespansthatshouldreassuretheformerfirstladyandhersupporters.

NopresidentsinceLyndonJohnsonhasdiedbeforeage81，andfourofthesixlongest-livedpresidents(GeraldFord,RonaldReagan,GeorgeH.W.BushandJimmyCarter)haveheldtheofficesince1974.Thisreflectstheincreaseinlifeexpectancyforallofus.In1963,lifeexpectancystoodat69years,butnowwecananticipatesurvivalto79—agiftof10extrayears.

AnotherfactorworkinginHillary’sfavor:Womenlivelongerthanmenbyfiveyears(sorry,Bill).Thismeansthatatypicalwomanbornin1947(aswasHillary)canexpecttoliveanaverageof20moreyearsaftertoday—enoughtocovernotonlythetwotermsaspresidentthatherfansdesire,butanadditionaltenyearsasU.N.secretary-general,chiefjusticeoftheSupremeCourtorpresidentofYale.

NoneofthismeansthatapersonofClinton’sagewon’tfacesignificanthealthrisksundertheunimaginablepressuresofpresidentialservice.Likeanyothercandidate,shemustreleaserecordsdetailingeveryaspectofherpersonalmedicalhistory.Whenherhusband,Bill,firstranforpresidentatage46,hecouldgetawaywithprovidingonlyselectiveaccesstohismedicalrecords.Hillary,atage69,shouldsetadifferentstandard.

6.InAmericanhistory,wereelectedaspresidentsafter65_____.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillaryClinton?

8.AllofthefollowingarefavorablefactorsforHillaryClinton,expect_____

9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

10.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項

A.HillaryClintonandBillClinton

B.WilliamHenryHarrisonandRonaldReagan

C.JohnF.KennedyandJamesGarfield

D.WarrenHardingandLyndonJohnson

問題2選項

A.HillaryClintonisjustmonthsyoungerthanRonaldReagan.

B.Asababyboomer,HillaryClintonwasbornin1947.

C.HillaryClintonwasscaredbytheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedy.

D.HillaryClintonfirstranforpresidentwhenshewas46yearsold.

問題3選項

A.ThefactthatJohnF.Kennedywasthelastpresidentdiedinoffice.

B.Theextendedlifeexpectancyforpeoplenowadays.

C.Thefactthatwomengenerallylivealongerlifethanmen.

D.WilliamHenryHarrison’sdeathduringhistimeinoffice.

問題4選項

A.HillaryClintonwillsufferfromsignificanthealthproblemunderthetremendousstress.

B.IfHillaryClintonwantstowinothercandidates,shemusthideherpersonalmedicalhistory.

C.NopresidentialcandidateinAmericanhistoryhadescapedfromprovidingdetailedmedicalrecords.

D.HillaryClinton’shusband,Bill,mayhadrunforpresidentmorethanonce.

問題5選項

A.CommentonwhetherHillaryClintonistoooldfor2016’spresidentialelection，

B.Thepresidentswhodiedfromtheseverepressuresofpresidentialservice.

C.AnewregulationonlegalageofthepresidentialelectioninAmerica.

D.AnintroductionofAmericanpresidentswhohaddonesomethinggreatintheirterm.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.推理判斷題，定位到第二段第二三四句話IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980.Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,“如果希拉里以69歲的高齡贏得2016年大選，她就只比我們最年長的總統(tǒng)小幾個月。羅納德?里根，他在1980年當選總統(tǒng)。225年來，只有一位候選人(威廉?亨利?哈里森)在65歲之后搬進了白宮”，從這里可知只有兩位總統(tǒng)就職美國總統(tǒng)時超過65歲——RonaldReagan和WilliamHenryHarrison，所以答案選B選項“威廉?亨利?哈里森和羅納德?里根”；

A選項“希拉里?克林頓和比爾?克林頓”，因為希拉里在作者寫文章的時候還沒當總統(tǒng)，作者只是作假設，所以A不選，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項“約翰?肯尼迪和詹姆斯?加菲爾德”，文章沒有提及這兩個人什么時候當?shù)目偨y(tǒng)，所以不選，這里屬于無中生有；

D選項“沃倫?哈丁和林登?約翰遜”文章沒有提及這兩個人什么時候當?shù)目偨y(tǒng)，所以不選，這里屬于無中生有。

7.推理判斷題，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句話TheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedyin1963,adefiningeventsforClintonandherfellowBabyBoomers,markedthelasttimeachiefexecutivediedinoffice，“1963年約翰?f?肯尼迪(JohnF.Kennedy)遇刺，是克林頓和她的“嬰兒潮一代”(BabyBoomers)同胞們的標志性事件，也是最后一位在任的首席執(zhí)行官去世”，從這里可知希拉里確實是嬰兒潮時期出生的，而且根據(jù)她2016年69歲來算她是1947年出生的也可以印證，所以答案選B選項“作為嬰兒潮一代，希拉里出生于1947年?！?，

A選項“希拉里?克林頓只比羅納德?里根小幾個月”，定位到第二段第二三句話IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980“如果希拉里以69歲的高齡贏得2016年大選，她就只比我們最年長的總統(tǒng)小幾個月。羅納德?里根，他在1980年當選總統(tǒng)”從這里可知不是希拉里比里根小幾個月而是如果希拉里上臺執(zhí)政的年齡只會比年紀最大的執(zhí)政總統(tǒng)——里根上臺時小幾個月，所以不選，這里屬于曲意理解；

C選項“希拉里?克林頓對約翰?f?肯尼迪遇刺感到害怕”，文章沒有提到希拉里被克林頓刺殺時被嚇到，屬于無中生有；

D選項“希拉里?克林頓第一次競選總統(tǒng)是在她46歲的時候”，定位到第七段倒數(shù)第二句話Whenherhusband,Bill,firstranforpresidentatage46,hecouldgetawaywithprovidingonlyselectiveaccesstohismedicalrecords.“當她的丈夫比爾(Bill)在46歲時首次競選總統(tǒng)時，他可以不受限制地提供自己的醫(yī)療記錄”，從這里可知，是她的丈夫在47歲的時候第一次競選總統(tǒng)而不是希拉里自己，D選項屬于張冠李戴。

8.事實細節(jié)題，定位到第二段第四句話Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,andhishealthprovedsofragilethathecontractedpneumoniaoninaugurationdayin1841anddiedamonthlater.“225年以來，只有一位65歲以上的候選人(威廉?亨利?哈里森)入主白宮。事實證明，他的健康狀況非常脆弱，在1841年的總統(tǒng)就職日染上肺炎，一個月后就去世了?！边@里只是描述了一個事實沒有說這是否對希拉里的選票有什么影響，這里屬于出處錯誤，所以答案選D選項“威廉?亨利?哈里森在任期間去世”；

A選項“約翰?f?肯尼迪是最后一位在任期內(nèi)去世的總統(tǒng)”，定位到第四段倒數(shù)第一二句話AllthesedisastersstruckpresidentsyoungerthanHillarywouldbeonherfirstdayinoffice.ButabalancedresponsetoconcernsoverClinton’sagerevealsrecent,relevantchangesinpresidentiallifespansthatshouldreassuretheformerfirstladyandhersupporters.“所有這些災難都發(fā)生在比希拉里上任第一天還年輕的總統(tǒng)身上。不過，針對對克林頓年齡的擔憂，人們做出了平衡的回應，反映出總統(tǒng)任期最近發(fā)生的相關(guān)變化，應該會讓這位前第一夫人和她的支持