考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)-香港浸會(huì)大學(xué)聯(lián)合國際學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)-香港浸會(huì)大學(xué)聯(lián)合國際學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

（）mywife’sconsistentencouragementIwouldn’thaveaccomplishedmygraduatestudy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Butfor

B.Butwith

C.Exceptfor

D.Exceptthat

【答案】A

【解析】連詞詞義辨析。Butfor“要不是”；exceptfor“除了，排除在外”，后接名詞，動(dòng)名詞。Exceptthat“排除在外”，后接句子。沒有butwith的結(jié)構(gòu)，可排除。句意：要不是我妻子的一直以來的鼓勵(lì)，我肯定不會(huì)完成研究生學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Ms.Breenhasbeenlivingintownforonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstobe___witheveryonewhocomestothestore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accepted

B.admitted

C.admired

D.acquainted

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)accepted“公認(rèn)的；被認(rèn)可的，被接受的（被大多數(shù)人接受的觀點(diǎn)是正確的或合理的）”；B選項(xiàng)admitted“公認(rèn)的；被承認(rèn)了的（承認(rèn)自己曾經(jīng)做過的事情）”；C選項(xiàng)admired“被贊美的；被欽佩的”；D選項(xiàng)acquainted“熟識(shí)的；知曉的；有知識(shí)的”。句意：布林女士只在城里住了一年，但似乎每個(gè)來店里的人都很___她。本句表達(dá)“雖然布林女士在城里居住時(shí)間不長，但似乎每個(gè)來店里的人都很贊美她”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Threehundredyearsagonewstravelledbywordofmouthorletter,andcirculatedintavernsandcoffeehousesintheformofpamphletsandnewsletters.“Thecoffeehousesparticularlyareveryroomyforafreeconversation,andforreadingataneasierrateallmannerofprintednews,”notedoneobserver.Everythingchangedin1833whenthefirstmass-audiencenewspaper,TheNewYorkSun,pioneeredtheuseofadvertisingtoreducethecostofnews,thusgivingadvertisersaccesstoawideraudience.Thepennypress,followedbyradioandtelevision,turnednewsfromatwo-wayconversationintoaone-waybroadcast,witharelativelysmallnumberoffirmscontrollingthemedia.

Now,thenewsindustryisreturningtosomethingclosertothecoffeehouse.Theinternetismakingnewsmoreparticipatory,socialanddiverse,revivingthediscursiveethosoftheerabeforethemassmedia.Thatwillhaveprofoundeffectsonsocietyandpolitics.Inmuchoftheworld,themassmediaareflourishing.Newspapercirculationrosegloballyby6%between2005and2009.Butthoseglobalfiguresmaskasharpdeclineinreadershipinrichcountries.

Overthepastdecade,throughouttheWesternworld,peoplehavebeengivingupnewspapersandTVnewsandkeepingupwitheventsinprofoundlydifferentways.Moststrikingly,ordinarypeopleareincreasinglyinvolvedincompiling,sharing,filtering,discussinganddistributingnews.Twitterletspeopleanywherereportwhattheyareseeing.Classifieddocumentsarepublishedtheirthousandsonline,MobilephonefootageofArabuprisingsandAmericantornadoesispostedonsocial-networkingsitesandshownontelevisionnewscasts.Social-networkingsiteshelppeoplefind,discussandsharenewswiththeirfriends.

Anditisnotjustreaderswhoarechallengingthemediaelite.TechnologyfirmsincludingGoogle,FacebookandTwitterhavebecomeimportantmeansofnews.Celebritiesandworldleaderspublishupdatesdirectlyviasocialnetworks;manycountriesnowmakerawdataavailablethrough“opengovernment”initiatives.Theinternetletspeoplereadnewspapersorwatchtelevisionchannelsfromaroundtheworld.Thewebhasallowednewprovidersofnews,fromindividualbloggerstosites,torisetoprominenceinaveryshortspaceoftime.Andithasmadepossibleentirelynewapproachestojournalism,suchasthatpracticedbyWikileaks,whichprovidesananonymouswayforwhistleblowerstopublishdocuments.Thenewsagendaisnolongercontrolledbyafewpressbaronsandstateoutlets.

Inprinciple,everyliberalshouldcelebratethis.Amoreparticipatoryandsocialnewsenvironment,witharemarkablediversityandrangeofnewssources,isagoodthing.Thetransformationofthenewsbusinessisunstoppable,andattemptstoreverseitaredoomedtofailure.Asproducersofnewjournalism,individualscanbescrupulouswithfactsandtransparentwiththeirsources.Asconsumers,theycanbegeneralintheirtastesanddemandingintheirstandards.Andalthoughthistransformationdoesraiseconcerns,thereismuchtocelebrateinthenoisy,diverse,vociferous,argumentativeandstridentlyaliveenvironmentofthenewsbusinessintheagesoftheinternet.Thecoffeehouseisback.Enjoyit.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatinitiatedthetransformationofcoffee-housenewstomass-medianews?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsupports“Now,thenewindustryisreturningtosomethingclosertothecoffeehouse”?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTaroleplayedbyinformationtechnology?

4.Theauthor’stoneinthelastparagraphtowardsnewjournalismis?______.

5.In“Thecoffeehouseisback”,coffeehousebestsymbolize?______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theemergenceofbigmassmediafirms.

B.Thepopularityofradioandtelevision.

C.Theappearanceofadvertisinginnewspapers.

D.Theincreasingnumberofnewspaperreaders.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Newspapercirculationrosegloballyby6%between2005and2009.

B.PeopleintheWesternworldaregivingupnewspapersandTVnews.

C.Classifieddocumentsarepublishedintheirthousandsonline.

D.Morepeopleareinvolvedinfinding,discussinganddistributingnews.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Challengingthetraditionalmedia.

B.Planningthereturntocoffee-housenews.

C.Providingpeoplewithaccesstoclassifiedfiles.

D.Givingordinarypeoplethechancetoprovidenews.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.optimisticandcautious

B.supportiveandskeptical

C.doubtfulandreserved

D.ambiguousandcautious

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thechangingcharacteristicsofnewsaudience

B.themorediversifiedmeansofnewsdistribution

C.theparticipatorynatureofnews

D.themorevariedsourcesofnews

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段第三句Everythingchangedin1833whenthefirstmass-audiencenewspaper.（1833年，第一份大眾報(bào)紙問世，一切都改變了。）C選項(xiàng)“廣告在報(bào)紙上的出現(xiàn)”，符合文章內(nèi)容，報(bào)紙的出現(xiàn)引發(fā)了咖啡館新聞向大眾媒體新聞的轉(zhuǎn)變，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“大型大眾傳媒公司的出現(xiàn)”，文章第一段提到，首先是報(bào)紙，其次才是媒體，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“收音機(jī)和電視的普及”，文章媒體是繼報(bào)紙之后出現(xiàn)的，B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“越來越多的報(bào)紙讀者”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，因此可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二句Moststrikingly,ordinarypeopleareincreasinglyinvolvedincompiling,sharing,filtering,discussinganddistributingnews.（最引人注目的是，越來越多的普通人參與到編輯、分享、過濾、討論和發(fā)布新聞中來）。D選項(xiàng)“更多的人參與尋找、討論和傳播新聞”，D選項(xiàng)最能夠支撐此觀點(diǎn)，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“從2005年到2009年，全球報(bào)紙發(fā)行量增長了6%”，這只是陳述一件事實(shí)，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“西方世界的人們正在放棄報(bào)紙和電視新聞”，他們轉(zhuǎn)而以完全不同的方式來跟蹤事件。C選項(xiàng)“成千上萬的機(jī)密文件被公布在網(wǎng)上”，也不能最支撐這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，因此C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)劃回歸咖啡屋新聞”，新聞行業(yè)正在回歸到更接近咖啡屋的狀態(tài)，但這不是信息技術(shù)的功勞，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)媒體”，信息新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，確實(shí)在一定程度上挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)媒體，人們?cè)谝欢ǔ潭壬戏艞壛藞?bào)紙和電視新聞，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“讓人們接觸機(jī)密文件”，信息新技術(shù)使人們接觸到了機(jī)密文件，因?yàn)槌汕先f的機(jī)密文件被公布在網(wǎng)上。因此C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“給普通人提供新聞的機(jī)會(huì)”，文章所說“普通人參與到編輯、分享、過濾、討論和發(fā)布新聞中來”，因此D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Inprinciple,everyliberalshouldcelebratethis.（原則上，每一個(gè)自由主義者都應(yīng)該為此慶祝）以及第七句Asproducersofnewjournalism,individualscanbescrupulouswithfactsandtransparentwiththeirsources.（作為新興的新聞的生產(chǎn)者，個(gè)人可以對(duì)事實(shí)審慎，對(duì)消息來源透明），從中可以看出，作者的態(tài)度是積極的并且謹(jǐn)慎的，A選項(xiàng)“樂觀且謹(jǐn)慎”正確。因此A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第二句Amoreparticipatoryandsocialnewsenvironment,witharemarkablediversityandrangeofnewssources.（一個(gè)更具參與性和社會(huì)性的新聞環(huán)境，具有顯著的多樣性和新聞來源的范圍），可推測“咖啡屋的最佳象征”新聞的參與性。C選項(xiàng)“新聞的參與性”，概述了最開始是咖啡館是新聞的各種傳播方式，而所有的方式共同具有的特點(diǎn)就是通過人們的參與進(jìn)行相互傳播和擴(kuò)散，后文點(diǎn)明的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在讓新聞回歸到前咖啡館時(shí)的發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)，使其變得更加具有參與性，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“新聞受眾特征的變化”，文章沒有提到是新聞的受眾特征發(fā)生變化，可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“新聞傳播方式更加多樣化”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“新聞來源越豐富”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.單選題

Thatisindeedaharshstandard,andnottheoneIwanttogovernmylifeorthoseofotherpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefit

B.affect

C.damage

D.direct

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。govern在句中是“管理，統(tǒng)治”，A選項(xiàng)benefit“有利于”；B選項(xiàng)affect“影響”；C選項(xiàng)damage“毀滅，損害”；D選項(xiàng)direct“指導(dǎo)，管理”。句意：那的確是一個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而不是我想要的可以用來指導(dǎo)我的生活或其他的人的生活的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)句意D項(xiàng)正確。

5.寫作題

Asthesocietydevelops,interpersonalrelationshipsaregettingmoreandmoreindifferent.Pleasemakecommentonthephenomena.

【答案】Itseemsveryridiculousthatpeoplelivingsoneardon’tknoweachotherforsuchalongtime.However,theconditionisperformedeverywhere.Itistheexactreflectionofinterpersonalrelationshipsinthemodemworldwheremostpeopleliveinapartments.Theyclosetheirdoorsandnevergooutassoonastheygethomefromwork.Iftheylivealone,theywillkilltheirtimebywatchingTVorreadingmagazines.Theydon’thaveanyconnectionsevenwiththeirclosestneighbors，whoseemnodifferentfrompeopletheymeeteverydayinthestreet.

Thisphenomenonisneithergoodtous,nortooursociety.Peoplewillfeellonelyandbecomemoreandmoreindifferentsothatinterpersonalrelationshipsarenotharmonious.Interpersonalcommunicationisveryimportanttous.Firstly,itisessentialforourphysicalwell-being.Lackofcommunicationshowsawiderangeofmedicalhazards.Sociallyisolatedpeoplearefoundtobetwoorthreetimesmorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealththanthosewithstrongsocialties.Steadyinterpersonalcommunicationcontributestothelongevityofourlives.Secondly,interpersonalcommunicationenablesustohaveasenseofouridentity.Deprivedofcommunicationwithothers,wecanhardlyhaveaclearideaofidentity.Oursenseofidentitycomesfromthewayweinteractwithotherpeople.Wedecidewhatwearelikebasedonhowothersreacttous.Inourlifeweneedtofeelasenseofbelongingtosomepersonalrelationship.Weneedtoinfluenceothersandfeelsomesenseofpoweroverourworld,andtocareforothersandknowthattheycareforus,thustohaveasenseofaffectionandfriendship.Lastly,interpersonalcommunicationisthemeansofimportantinformationineveryrespect,whichmakesuswellinformedandhelpsustogrow.

Tosumup,interpersonalcommunicationisjustasnecessaryaswaterandairtousinourworkandlife.Weshouldpaygreatattentiontotheamountofinterpersonalcommunicationaswellastothewaysofdoingit.Properandskillfulinterpersonalcommunicationwillsatisfyourphysicalneeds,psychologicalneeds,socialneedsandpracticalneeds.

6.單選題

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills.Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Humanresourcemanagement(HRM)isnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehiredorrentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamuchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofcorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm'shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan'teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestotheHRMofAmericancompanies?

2.What'sthepositionoftheexecutiveofHRMinanAmericanfirm?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputinworkforcetrainingmainlygoeson（

）.

4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhirepeoplewiththeleastpossiblemoneyregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseeskillsgainastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

C.Theyprefertohireself-trainedworkers.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenemploymentcompetition.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm.

B.Hispositionislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologieshavebeenintroduced.

C.Hehasnosayinginmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff.

B.workerswhowillrunnewequipment.

C.workerswholackbasicbackgroundskills.

D.topexecutives.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Americanfirm'sHRMstrategiesaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.HRMisakeyfactorinafirm’ssurvival.

C.ThecostofworkingtraininginAmericaishigherthanthatinJapanandGermany.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinHRM.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘下面哪個(gè)適用于美國公司中人力資源的管理？’根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.技能的獲得被認(rèn)為是個(gè)人的責(zé)任。”確定B選項(xiàng)“公司認(rèn)為雇員掌握技術(shù)問題是他們自己的事”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘在美國公司中人力資源部門的主管的地位怎樣？’根據(jù)文章第二段中第三句“Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofcorporatehierarchy.人力資源管理主管這一職位通常是一項(xiàng)專門的工作，位于公司等級(jí)制度的邊緣?！焙偷谒木洹癟heexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).持有該職位的行政人員從未就重大戰(zhàn)略決策征求過意見，也沒有機(jī)會(huì)晉升為首席執(zhí)行官?！笨梢源_定美國公司里的人力資源部門的主管在管理層中是非常沒有地位的，在重大決策中是沒有發(fā)言權(quán)的，所以C選項(xiàng)“他在公司里做重要決定時(shí)沒有發(fā)言權(quán)”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘大多數(shù)美國公司投入勞動(dòng)力培訓(xùn)的資金主要用于什么？根據(jù)文章第三段第二句‘Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.’可知，他們?cè)谂嘤?xùn)方面的投資也主要用在了技術(shù)和管理人員的身上。所以A選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)和管理人員”正確。

4.主旨大意題。題目提問‘這篇文章主題是什么？’文章主要談?wù)撊绻偁幍膬?yōu)勢取決于工人的技術(shù)，那么美國的公司就遇到麻煩了。美國公司不正確的人才管理戰(zhàn)略，使它們的競爭能力受到了挑戰(zhàn)。所以A選項(xiàng)“美國公司的人力資源管理策略影響了它的競爭力”正確。

7.單選題

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處應(yīng)該是做修飾的成分。A項(xiàng)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語，表示“按照……”，B項(xiàng)本身不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)不應(yīng)再出現(xiàn)謂語動(dòng)詞was；D項(xiàng)that在引導(dǎo)一個(gè)缺成分的從句，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：托馬斯?潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不諱地說出他所理解的真相。故正確答案為A。

8.單選題

Onemoretry,（

）youwillsucceed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.or

B.but

C.so

D.and

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯連詞。or表示選擇關(guān)系，but表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，so常用來連接表示因果關(guān)系的句子，and表示并列關(guān)系。此句中前后句為并列順延的關(guān)系。句意：再試一次，你就會(huì)成功。故D項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Theyboughtthelandwitha______tobuildanewofficeblock.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.purpose

B.view

C.goal

D.reason

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)purpose“目的（經(jīng)過考慮而要做某事的意圖）”；B選項(xiàng)view“風(fēng)景；視野”；C選項(xiàng)goal“目標(biāo)（想要通過一段時(shí)間的努力而在未來實(shí)現(xiàn)某事的意圖）”；D選項(xiàng)reason“理由，原因”。句意：他們買那塊地的______是要建一座新的辦公大樓。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是現(xiàn)在買地，買地是為了以后建辦公大樓，A選項(xiàng)purpose符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Sometimesitcanbeshownthatthetissuenotonlylookshomogeneous,butactuallyisso,because,ifthetissueiscutinhalf,eachhalfwillregulatetogiverisetothesamepatternaswouldotherwisehavebeenproducedbythewhole.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.create

B.occur

C.emerge

D.deteriorate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；造成”；B選項(xiàng)occur“發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在”；C選項(xiàng)emerge“浮現(xiàn)；擺脫；暴露”；D選項(xiàng)deteriorate“惡化，變壞”。句意：可以證明，組織不僅看起來是均勻的，而且實(shí)際上是均勻的，因?yàn)槿绻M織被切成兩半，每一半將調(diào)節(jié)以產(chǎn)生與整體相同的圖案。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞giveriseto“造成；引起；導(dǎo)致”，得知A為正確答案。

11.單選題

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe（）brilliantcareer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.porch

B.threshold

C.edge

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:porch“陽臺(tái)”；B:threshold“開端；門檻”；C:edge“邊緣”；D:course“課程；航線”。句意：作為學(xué)院最年輕的教授之一，布朗先生必然是正處于輝煌事業(yè)的起點(diǎn)。結(jié)合語境，故B為正確答案。

12.單選題

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.

MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisersshowusthelatestfashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkweareoddordull.

Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.Takehats,forexample.Incoldclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeopleworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:moreAmericanmenfollowedhisexample.

Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarII,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshorteruntiltheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.

Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.

Thepopularityofjeansandthe“untidy”lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionsofthetopfashionhouses.

Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingjeansandasweater;anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon’tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpeopleare（）.

2.FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementseemtolinkfashionto（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,causesoffashionsare（）.

4.Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes（）.

5.Thelastparagraphmostprobablydenotesthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.satisfiedwiththeirappearancet

B.concernedaboutappearanceinoldaget

C.farfromneglectingwhatisinfashiont

D.reluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashiont

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confidenceinlifet

B.personaldresst

C.individualhairstylet

D.personalfuturet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.uniformt

B.variedt

C.unknownt

D.inexplicablet

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.uniformityt

B.formalityt

C.informalityt

D.diversityt

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.careaboutappearanceinformalsituationst

B.fashioninformalandinformalsituationst

C.ignoringappearanceininformalsituationst

D.ignoringappearanceinallsituations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“在第一段中，作者認(rèn)為人是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段，F(xiàn)ewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare（我們中很少有人能滿足于接受自己本來的樣子）可知A項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己的外表感到滿意”錯(cuò)誤；Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.（在我們十幾歲或二十出頭的時(shí)候，我們比生命中的任何時(shí)候都更擔(dān)心我們的外表以及我們?cè)趧e人眼中的形象）可知，人們?cè)谀贻p的時(shí)候最關(guān)注外表，故B項(xiàng)“老年時(shí)關(guān)心外表”表述不準(zhǔn)確；fewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion（也很少有人有足夠的勇氣忽視流行趨勢）可知，C項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有忽視什么是時(shí)尚”正確，而D項(xiàng)“不愿跟隨時(shí)尚潮流”正好與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“時(shí)尚雜志和電視廣告似乎把時(shí)尚和……聯(lián)系了起來”。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.（他們告訴我們，如果我們這樣做，我們就能自信地認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友，從容自信地應(yīng)對(duì)各種情況）可知，時(shí)尚雜志和電視廣告把時(shí)尚和自信聯(lián)系在了一起，故A項(xiàng)“生活中的自信”正確。B項(xiàng)“個(gè)人服裝”和C項(xiàng)“個(gè)人發(fā)型”是屬于時(shí)尚的具體方面，不符合題意；D項(xiàng)“個(gè)人的未來”屬于無中生有。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，時(shí)尚的原因是……”。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.（是什么導(dǎo)致了時(shí)尚的變化？有時(shí)，便利、實(shí)際需要或僅僅是一個(gè)有影響力的人的幻想就可以建立一種時(shí)尚），由此可知導(dǎo)致時(shí)尚的原因有很多種，所以B項(xiàng)“多種多樣”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)一”、C項(xiàng)“未知”和D項(xiàng)“令人費(fèi)解”均不符合。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“當(dāng)今社會(huì)更加自由和容易，因?yàn)樗鼜?qiáng)調(diào)……”。根據(jù)第五段第二句Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.（在合理的范圍內(nèi)，你可以穿你喜歡的衣服或做你喜歡的發(fā)型，而不是你應(yīng)該的方式，因?yàn)檫@是時(shí)尚）可知，時(shí)尚就是自己可以穿自己喜歡的服裝和發(fā)型，按照自己喜歡的方式來，由此可推斷當(dāng)今社會(huì)更加自由和容易是因?yàn)樗鼜?qiáng)調(diào)非拘謹(jǐn)性，故C項(xiàng)“不拘禮節(jié)”正確。B項(xiàng)“拘謹(jǐn)性”與原文相反；A項(xiàng)“均勻性”未提及；D項(xiàng)“多樣性”，這是導(dǎo)致時(shí)尚的原因。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“最后一段很可能表示……”。最后一段第一句提到Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.（同時(shí)，外表在某些情況下仍然很重要，然后我們必須仔細(xì)選擇我們的衣服），接著舉了兩個(gè)例子加以說明在一些正式的場合中應(yīng)該選擇合適的衣服，所以A項(xiàng)“在正式場合要注重儀表”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“正式和非正式場合的時(shí)尚”，最后一段沒有做出正式和非正式場合的對(duì)比；C項(xiàng)“在非正式場合忽視外表”，這是斷章取義；D項(xiàng)“在任何情況下都忽視外表”與原文不符。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Huntingisthoughttobe（）fortheextinctionofsomewildlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsible

B.blamed

C.charged

D.denounced

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”，詞組beresponsiblefor“承擔(dān)……責(zé)任”，tobeblamefor“應(yīng)受責(zé)備”，bechargedwith“”被控告”，denounce“公然抨擊”，句意：野生動(dòng)物滅絕的原因應(yīng)該歸咎于狩獵。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.翻譯題

Economicsisnodifferent.Supply,demand,elasticity,comparativeadvantage,consumersurplus,deadweightloss—thesetermsarepartoftheeconomist'slanguage.Inthecomingchapters,youwillencountermanynewtermsandsomefamiliarwordsthateconomistsuseinspecializedways.（1）Atfirst,thisnewlanguagemayseemneedlesslyarcane.But,asyouwillsee,itsvalueliesinitsabilitytoprovideyouanewandusefulwayofthinkingabouttheworldinwhichyoulive.

Economiststrytoaddresstheirsubjectwithascientist'sobjectivity.Theyapproachthestudyoftheeconomyinmuchthesamewayasaphysicistapproachesthestudyofmatterandabiologistapproachesthestudyoflife:（2）Theydevisetheories,collectdata,andthenanalyzethesedatainanattempttoverifyorrefutetheirtheories.

Tobeginners,itcanseemoddtoclaimthateconomicsisascience.Afterall,economistsdonotworkwithtesttubesortelescopes.（3）Theessenceofscience,however,isthescientificmethods—thedispassionatedevelopmentandtestingoftheoriesabouthowtheworldworks.

Thismethodofinquiryisasapplicabletostudyinganation'seconomyasitistostudyingtheearth'sgravityoraspecies,evolution.

（4）AsAlbertEinsteinonceputit,“Thewholeofscienceisnothingmorethantherefinementofeverydaythinking.”(225words).

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.

【答案】1.一開始，這種新的語言似乎毫無必要地晦澀難懂。但是，正如你會(huì)看到的一樣，它的價(jià)值在于它能夠?yàn)槟闾峁┮环N全新的、有用的方式來思考你所生活的世界。

2.他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)理論，收集數(shù)據(jù)，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，試圖驗(yàn)證或反駁他們的理論。

3.然而，科學(xué)的本質(zhì)是科學(xué)的方法，即冷靜客觀地創(chuàng)立并檢測關(guān)于世界如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的科學(xué)理論。

4.正如愛因斯坦曾經(jīng)提出的：“整個(gè)科學(xué)只不過是對(duì)日常思維的提煉?！?/p>

15.單選題

Acobwebglisteningwithdewseemsas（

）asitislovely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragile

B.frigid

C.strident

D.tedious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fragile“易碎的，脆弱的”；B選項(xiàng)frigid“嚴(yán)寒的，寒冷的，冷淡的”；C選項(xiàng)strident“刺耳的”；D選項(xiàng)tedious“冗長的，啰唆的，單調(diào)乏味的”。由“有露珠閃爍的蜘蛛網(wǎng)看上去又______，又可愛”可知空格處的詞語要與cobweb（蜘蛛網(wǎng)）在邏輯上搭配，且與lovely的感情色彩一致，因此選A。句意：有露珠閃爍的蜘蛛網(wǎng)看上去又脆弱又可愛。

16.單選題

Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybegameofsomekindfootball,hockey,golf,ortennis.Itmaybemountaineering.

Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandha