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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津城市建設(shè)管理職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa()climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.chilly

B.temperate

C.modest

D.compromising

【答案】B

【解析】句意:太平洋潮濕的空氣給美國西海岸帶來了溫和的氣候。氣候溫和用temperateclimate,所以選項B正確。

2.單選題

SomeofmyclassmatesinthesamedormestablishedachattinggroupontheNetwhenbroadbandwasavailableoncampus.Theneveryonefacedtheirownlaptopsandtalkedtoeachotherbysendingmessagesinthechattinggroupinthesameroom.Theirdormwassilentthewholenight.Theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard.Beforetheywenttobedthatnight,allofthemsighedandsaid,“that’sridiculous.”

InformationTechnologybringsaboutrevolutionarychangestohumancommunication.TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.However,doestheconvenienceincommunicationmeanthatweareactuallygettingcloser?Idon’tthinkso.Astheanecdoteaboveshows,accesstobroadbandmademyfellowclassmatesfallinsilence.TheCambridgeInternationalDictionarydefines“communication”as“variousmethodsofsendinginformationbetweenpeopleandplaces.”whileitdefines“communicate”as“tobeabletounderstandeachotherandhaveasatisfactoryrelationship.”Therefore.TheboomingofITinmodernsocietyisonlytheboomingofcommunication.Exchangingideasandmutualunderstandingbetweenpeopledonotbaseonsuchbooming.Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.

Mutualunderstandingisbasedonexpression.However,expressiondoesn’tnecessarilyleadtosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding.Whenwewafflewithamereacquaintance,wenormallyconcealourtruefeelings.Thus,wedon’testablishcommunicationwithhim,becausewedonotneedhimtounderstandus.Theeraofcyberspacefurtherdemonstratessuchseparationofformandcontent.

TheInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtospeakandexpressourselves.Withtheprosperityofblog,thereare,accordingtorecentstatistics,about400,000bloggersinChinatoday.BloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill,whileothersreadtheirblogandgivecommentsonceforawhile.Itseemsthatblogcanmakeustouchuponthebloggers’insideworld,andmakeusknowthembetter.However,thingsarenotalwaysthatperfect.

Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.OnceyouopentheExplorerandbrowseawebsite,trashinformationaboutsexandviolencehitsoureyes.PeoplescoldandflirtinthechatroomandBulletinBoardSystem(BBS).Whenblogcomesintobeing,netizenseventransfersuchvulgarityintotheirpersonalspaces,andshowittothepublic.

IntheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboom,thefarthestdistanceonearthisnolongerthepolardistance.Thenegativeimpactsbroughtaboutbycyberspacehaveimposedanunfilledgulfbetweensouls.Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.

1.Themostridiculouspartoftheanecdoteisthat().

2.Accordingtotheauthor,InformationTechnology().

3.TheauthorbelievesthattheboomingofITinmodernsociety().

4.Theprosperityofblogdoesnothelpustotoucheachotherbecause().

5.TheauthorbelievesthatintheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboomthedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearthbecause().

問題1選項

A.therewasadeadsilenceinthedormroomthewholenight

B.theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard

C.thoselivinginthesameroomcommunicatedbysendingmessagesviatheNet

D.theyallfacedtheirownlaptops

問題2選項

A.bringspeopleclosertoeachother

B.resultsinsilenceamongherfellowclassmates

C.enablesustoreachanyoneswiftly

D.helpstomaketheworldaglobalvillage

問題3選項

A.encouragestheexchangeofideasandthemutualunderstandingbetweenpeople

B.leadstosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding

C.helpstoestablishasatisfactoryrelationship

D.resultsinfurtherseparationbetweenpeople

問題4選項

A.manypeopleabusetheirrightoffreeexpressionontheNet

B.vulgarityhasbeentransferredintobloggers’personalspaces

C.bloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill

D.anyoneisabletoreadblogandgivecomments

問題5選項

A.thereisalwaysasilence

B.peoplearenotabletocommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore

C.theInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtoexpressourselves

D.peoplecanscoldandflirtinthechatroomatwill

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,這個軼事最荒謬的是:大家待在同一個宿舍里,卻通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)送信息進行交流。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第二句“TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.”互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使世界成為地球村;也就是說,我們可以很快地聯(lián)系到對方,不管對方在哪里。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.”信息技術(shù)使我們彼此在某種程度上越來越疏遠。選項D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.”許多網(wǎng)民濫用他們的言語自由權(quán)。選項A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.”由于我們不能像以前那樣互相交流,人與人之間的心的距離已經(jīng)成為地球上最遠的距離。選項B符合原文。

3.填空題

Everytimeapersoneatssomethinghemakesanutritionaldecision.Heacceptsorrejectsthefoodavailabletohimathomeformealsorsnacks.Orheselectsfoodforhimselfatmanyplacesinthecommunity,(1)supermarkets,drive-ins,restaurants,andfoodcountersindrugstores.Theseselectionsmakea(2)inhowanindividuallooks,howhefeels,andhowwellhecanworkandplay.

Whenagoodassortmentoffoodin(3)amountsisselectedandeaten,theconsequencesaremorelikelytobeadesirablelevelofhealthandenoughenergyto(4)onetobeasactiveasheneedsandwantstobe.Whenchoicesarelessthandesirable,the(5)arelikelytobepoorhealthorlimitedenergyorboth.

StudiesofdietsofindividualsintheUnitedStates(6)thatfoodselectionisahighlyindividualmatter,evenamongyoungchildren.Furthermore,fartoomanyindividualsofallagesaremakingpoorchoicesdayafterdayandareeithernow(7)withtheconsequencesorwillbe(8)thefuture.

Nutritionistsand(9)inalliedprofessionshavebeen(10)abouthelpingpeoplelearntoselectandenjoyawidevarietyoffoodcombinationsthatcan(11)toagooddiet.

Mostpeoplebelievethattheyare(12)—thatthechoicestheymakearegoodones.Afterall,theyarenotreallysick,neitheraretheyhungry.However,theirnutritionisreallypoorinonerespector(13).Milkandmilkproducts,suchascheese,ice-cream,(14),andyogurt,areoftenneglected.Thenpeoplemayleaveoutintheirdietsmanyfruitsandvegetables,(15)thosethataregoodsourcesofvitaminsAandC.Theseincludedarkgreenleafyvegetables;deepyellowvegetables;andcitrusfruitsandvegetables,suchascabbages,tomatoes,andgreenpeppers.

【答案】1.suchas

2.difference

3.appropriate

4.allow

5.consequences

6.show

7.living

8.in

9.workers

10.concerned

11.addup

12.well-fed

13.another

14.buttermilk

15.particularly

【解析】1.前文提到“atmanyplacesinthecommunity在社區(qū)的很多地方”,下文出現(xiàn)各種地方如supermarkets,drive-ins“超市、免下車餐廳”等為上文的舉例,故選suchas“例如”。

2.前文提到“人們對食物的各種選擇”,下文提到“howanindividuallooks…workandplay一個人的外表……工作和娛樂”等推斷此處應(yīng)選擇difference,“makeadifference有影響、起作用”整句話的含義為:這些選擇對一個人的外表、感覺以及他工作和娛樂的能力產(chǎn)生了影響。

3.由下文關(guān)鍵詞“amounts數(shù)量”及句子“theconsequencesaremorelikelytobeadesirablelevelofhealth...結(jié)果是更有可能獲得理想的健康水平”可推斷此處應(yīng)選擇“適量的食物”,故選appropriate“合適的;恰當?shù)摹薄?/p>

4.前文提到“適量且好的食物選擇更可能讓人健康和有充足的能量”可推斷此處應(yīng)選“允許”,表示“允許人們像他需要和想要的那樣活躍”,故選allow“容許;允許”。

5.前文提到“Whenchoicesarelessthandesirable但食物選擇較不理想時”,下文“…arelikelytobepoorhealthorlimitedenergyorboth可能不健康或者精力有限,或者兩者皆有”,根據(jù)句意知前后為因果關(guān)系,故此處選consequences“結(jié)果,后果”。

6.由前文關(guān)鍵詞“studies調(diào)查,研究”及下文“that”后的調(diào)查結(jié)果“食物選擇是一個高度個性化的問題,即使在幼兒中也是如此”可推斷此處選擇show“顯示”符合題意。

7.上文提到“fartoomanyindividualsofallagesaremakingpoorchoicesdayafterday很多各個年齡階層的個人每天的食物選擇都很糟糕”及下文關(guān)鍵詞“withtheconsequences帶著這些后果”可推斷此處選“l(fā)iving生活”最符合題意。

8.inthefuture為固定短語“在將來”,故選“in”。整句話含義為“此外,很多各個年齡階層的個人每天的食物選擇都很糟糕,他們要么已經(jīng)生活在這些糟糕選擇所帶來的后果中,要么將在未來遭遇這些?!?/p>

9.由空格前表并列關(guān)系的連接詞and“和;與”可知此處應(yīng)選擇與“Nutritionists營養(yǎng)學(xué)家”同類詞,選項中workers“工人;勞動者”最符合題意,故選“workers”。

10.“beconcernedabout關(guān)心”為固定短語,故選concerned“關(guān)心的”。

11.上文提到“awidevarietyoffoodcombinations各種各樣的食物組合”可推斷此處指“合計或總計”的意思,故選addup“合計;總計”符合題意。整句話的含義為:營養(yǎng)學(xué)家和相關(guān)專業(yè)的工作人員一直在關(guān)注幫助人們學(xué)會選擇和享受各種各樣的食物組合,這些食物組合可以構(gòu)成好的飲食。

12.下文提到“thatthechoicestheymakearegoodones.認為自己的食物選擇是很好的”及“However,theirnutritionisreallypoor...然而,他們的營養(yǎng)實際上很不好……”可推斷此處含義為“很多人認為他們營養(yǎng)充足”,故選well-fed“營養(yǎng)充足的”。

13.inonerespect“表示在一個方面”,or“或者;或”表示并列關(guān)系,由此可推斷another“另外的”符合題意。整句話的含義為:然而,他們的營養(yǎng)在某方面實際上很不好。

14.此處為對“Milkandmilkproducts牛奶及牛奶制品”舉例,選項中只有buttermilk“脫脂牛奶”符合題意,故選“buttermilk”。

15.前文提到“Thenpeoplemayleaveoutintheirdietsmanyfruitsandvegetables然后是人們可能在自己的食物中漏掉很多水果和蔬菜”,下文中"thosethataregoodsourcesofvitaminsAandC,那些富含維他命A與C的水果和蔬菜”可推斷此處表示“特別是那些常含維他命A與C的水果和蔬菜”,選項中particularly“特別地”符合題意。

4.單選題

Theyareworking(

)timetofulfillthetaskaccordingtotheschedule.

問題1選項

A.against

B.over

C.aheadof

D.before

【答案】A

【解析】workagainsttime為固定搭配,指搶時間完成工作,以全速工作。句意:他們正在爭分奪秒地工作,以便按時完成任務(wù)。選項A符合句意。

5.單選題

Peoplewillbelookingintoseehowgoodwearenowandwhetheroursuccesshasjustbeena()inthepan.

問題1選項

A.flare

B.glitter

C.spark

D.flash

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項flare“閃耀”;B選項glitter“燦爛”;C選項spark“火花”;D選項flash“閃光”。句意:人們會來看看我們現(xiàn)在有多好,我們的成功是否只是曇花一現(xiàn)。flashinthepan,固定搭配,“曇花一現(xiàn)”。因此D選項正確。

6.單選題

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

問題1選項

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.present禮物;禮品B.token象征;標志

C.mark污點;污漬D.sign跡象;征兆

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings(新郎和新娘交換了戒指)可推知,交換戒指是愛情的象征,故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】在婚禮上,新郎和新娘交換了戒指作為他們愛情的象征。

7.單選題

Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.

問題1選項

A.untouchable

B.unconscious

C.imponderable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞intangible意為“無形的,觸摸不到的;難以理解的”;A選項“untouchable”意為“達不到的;不可批評的;不可捉摸的”;B選項“unconscious”意為“無意識的;失去知覺的;不省人事的;未發(fā)覺的”;C選項“imponderable”意為“無重量的;無法計算的”;D選項“unjustifiable”意為“不合道理的;不能分辯的;辯護不了的”。句意:我們一走進房子,就感到一種難以言喻的陰郁和絕望。由題干可知,senseofgloomandhopelessness(憂郁和絕望的感覺)是無法觸摸的,所以可以推測出intangible在此處最可能是“觸摸不到的”的意思,四個選項中untouchable具有“不可捉摸的”的意思,與此相近。因此A選項符合題意。

8.單選題

BigBenisoneofLondon’sbest-knownlandmark,andlooksmostspectacularatnightwhentheclockfacesarelighted.Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.

Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.Minutelyregulated(校準)withastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.

ThenameBigBenactuallyrefersnottotheclock-toweritself,buttothethirteen-tonbellhungwithin.Thebellwasnamedafterthefirstcommissionerofworks,SirBenjaminHall.ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimes(報時)onthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.

DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours,itsuniquesoundwasbroadcasttothenationandaroundtheworld,awelcomereassuranceofhopetoallwhoheardit.

Thetowerisnotopentothegeneralpublic,butthosewitha“specialinterest”mayarrangeavisittothetopoftheClockTowerthroughtheirlocal(UK)MP.

1.Whenparliamenthasmeeting().

2.Whichoffollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Thebellwasonceownedby().

4.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesontheeveof().

5.Theword“intact”inLine2,Para.4probablymeans().

問題1選項

A.alightisonabovetheface

B.theclockfacesarelighted

C.BigBenstrikesthetime

D.BigBenlightstheparliament

問題2選項

A.BigBenhasonlyonehand.

B.BigBenhasneverstopped.

C.BigBenhasahugependulummadeofcoins.

D.CoinsareusedtomakeBigBenworkmoreprecisely.

問題3選項

A.theBBC

B.theDeanofSt.Paul

C.SirBenjaminHall

D.theoldPalaceofWestminster

問題4選項

A.1858

B.1923

C.1924

D.1941

問題5選項

A.uncut

B.unharmed

C.uninjured

D.undamaged

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段第二句Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.(你甚至知道議會什么時候開會,因為一盞燈在鐘面上方閃爍。)由此得知A選項“鐘面上有一盞燈”正確。B選項“鐘面是亮的”并不準確;C選項“大本鐘在報時”沒有提及;D選項“大本鐘照亮了議會”不對。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段第二句話Minutelyregulatedwithastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.(大本鐘的鐘擺上放置了一堆硬幣,精確地調(diào)節(jié)著時間,它是一個出色的計時器,很少停下來。)因此D選項“硬幣被用來使大本鐘工作得更精確”正確。A選項“大本鐘只有一個指針”在第二段的第一句話Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.(這個鐘的四個轉(zhuǎn)盤是23平方英尺,分針是14英尺長,數(shù)字是2英尺高。)這里可以看出大本鐘是否有多于一個指針原文并沒有提及;B選項“大本鐘從不停止轉(zhuǎn)動”,原文說大本鐘很少停下,說明它還是會停止,只是很罕見;C選項“大本鐘有一個由硬幣組成的巨大鐘擺”,硬幣只是讓大本鐘變得更準確,但并不是它的鐘擺組成。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文定位到第三段的第三句話ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.(這只鐘最初來自威斯敏斯特宮,是威廉三世送給圣保羅教長的。)因此B選項“它是屬于圣保羅的教長的”正確。A、C、D均不符合原文。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段的倒數(shù)第一句話TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesonthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.(英國廣播公司于1923年12月31日首次播放了大本鐘,它的信息塔上有一個麥克風(fēng)連接到廣播大樓。)而原文問的是在哪一年的前夜,因此C選項正確。A選項在倒數(shù)第三段BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.(在回到威斯敏斯特懸掛在現(xiàn)在的家中之前,它在1858年被重新設(shè)計在白色教堂。)與事件不符合;B選項與題干不符合;D選項在倒數(shù)第二段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament(1941年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,一枚炸彈摧毀了下議院的議會)與事件不符。

5.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours(1941年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,一枚炸彈摧毀了下議院的議會,但鐘樓仍完好無損,大本鐘繼續(xù)計時,不停地敲響鐘聲)根據(jù)原文含義可知intact意為“完整的,原封不動的”。A選項“未切的,毛邊的,未雕琢的,未割的”;B選項“無恙的;沒有受傷的(用于人)”;C選項“未受傷害的;未蒙損失的(多用于人或器官)”;D選項“未毀壞的,未損壞的(多用于物品)”,因此D選項正確。

9.單選題

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

問題2選項

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

問題3選項

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

問題4選項

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

問題5選項

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多,儲存隨著增多,與B選項表達表述相反;C、D選項在第一段中雖有提及,但都只是一筆帶過,因此A選項“石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.(然而,即使石油沖擊是真正的危險,建造核反應(yīng)堆并不是避免它的好方法)可知選C。

第3題:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知與A選項相符(雖然不是一種好的方法,但也屬于一種方法);第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B選項相符;第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower與D選項相符。通過排除法,選C,只有C選項沒有在文章中提及。

第4題:詞義題。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults(在大氣中放太多的碳,你可能最終會……可能會造成災(zāi)難性的后果)的句意,可知A選項“地球變得越來越暖,好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料點燃”最為恰當。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講了石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用;第二段主要講了石油的重要性及影響,提出了建造核反應(yīng)堆應(yīng)對石油危機的想法,因此排除A;第三段主要講了減少擁堵和污染的方法,以及更便宜的核能替代品;最后一段主要講了應(yīng)對氣候變化最好的方式是向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)變,因此B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

ItisaquestionthathasvexedphilosopherssincetheGreeks.Butitseemswemaynowhavetheanswertothebeguilinglysimplequestion:“Whichcamefirst?”It’stheegg.

Thisreassuringconclusionwastheworkofanexpertpanel(1)aphilosopher,geneticistandchickenfarmer.

“Whetherchickeneggs(2)chickenshingesonthenatureofchickeneggs,”saidpanelmemberandphilosopherofscienceDavidPapineauatKing’sCollegeLondon.

“Iwould(3)it’sachickeneggifithasachickeninit.Ifakangaroolaidanegg(4)whichanostrichhatched,thatwouldsurelybeanostrichegg,notakangarooegg.Bythisreasoning,thefirstchickendidindeedcomefromachickenegg,(5)thateggdidn’tcomefromchickens.”

Theoldestrecorded(6)tothechildishconundrumgoes(7)toacollectionofessaysanddiscussionsbytheGreekhistorianMestriusPlutarchus,bornin46AD.Inasection(8)“WhethertheHenortheEggCameFirst”,hesuggestedthatthequestionwasalreadywell(9):“Theproblemabouttheeggandthehen,whichofthemcamefirst,wasdraggedintoourtalk,adifficultproblemwhichgivesinvestigatorsmuchtrouble.”

Plutarchusalso(10)atthepuzzle’sgreatersignificance:“Sullamycomradesaidthatwithasmallproblem,aswithatool,wewererockinglooseagreatandheavyone,thatofthe(11)oftheworld.”

Whetherthepanel(12)thatdebateisnotclear,buttheywere(13)onthecorrectchicken/eggpeckingorder.JohnBrookfield,anevolutionarygeneticistattheUniversityofNottinghamsaidthe(14)involvespiecingtogetherthespeciationeventinwhichchickensfirst(15).

Heimaginestwonon-chickenparentsgettingtogetherandgiving(16)tothefirstindividualofanew(17)becauseofageneticmutation.“Thefirstchickenmusthavedifferedfromits(18)bysomegeneticchange,perhapsavery(19)one,butonewhichcausedthisbirdtobethefirsteverto(20)ourcriteriafortrulybeingachicken,”saidProfessorBrookfield.

“ThusthelivingorganisminsidetheeggshellwouldhavehadthesameDNAasthechickenthatitwoulddevelopinto,andthuswoulditselfbeamemberofthespeciesofchicken,”headded.

問題1選項

A.including

B.depicting

C.debriefing

D.inspiring

問題2選項

A.proceeded

B.preceded

C.preferred

D.procured

問題3選項

A.explain

B.protest

C.argue

D.suspect

問題4選項

A.at

B.over

C.to

D.from

問題5選項

A.exceptthat

B.incase

C.sothat

D.eventhough

問題6選項

A.conference

B.deference

C.reference

D.inference

問題7選項

A.away

B.back

C.forth

D.astray

問題8選項

A.entitled

B.knighted

C.documented

D.granted

問題9選項

A.established

B.questioned

C.forced

D.grounded

問題10選項

A.cued

B.hinted

C.pronounced

D.pointed

問題11選項

A.invention

B.innovation

C.creation

D.revolution

問題12選項

A.obscured

B.arranged

C.resettled

D.solved

問題13選項

A.disunited

B.unsteady

C.disagreeable

D.unanimous

問題14選項

A.salutation

B.resolution

C.solution

D.renovation

問題15選項

A.drifted

B.evolved

C.perched

D.dwelled

問題16選項

A.rise

B.clue

C.permission

D.way

問題17選項

A.species

B.flock

C.population

D.statistics

問題18選項

A.eggs

B.parents

C.individuals

D.groups

問題19選項

A.arbitrary

B.radical

C.subtle

D.negligible

問題20選項

A.produce

B.furnish

C.change

D.fulfill

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:A

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:(1)根據(jù)下文可推測,填空處前后為包含關(guān)系,所以選項A正確。

(2)根據(jù)句意:雞蛋是否在雞之前存在取決于雞蛋的本質(zhì)。在...之前用precede,所以選項B正確。proceed開始,繼續(xù)行進;prefer更喜歡;procure獲得。

(3)根據(jù)句意可知,填空處后面為某人的觀點,而且與上一段的觀點不一致,所以選項C符合語境。

(4)根據(jù)句意:如果袋鼠下的蛋孵化出鴕鳥,那肯定是鴕鳥蛋,而不是袋鼠蛋。from在這里表示鴕鳥由袋鼠下的蛋孵化而來。所以選項D正確。

(5)句意:根據(jù)這個推理,第一只小雞的確來自雞蛋,盡管這個蛋不是由雞下的。eventhough表轉(zhuǎn)折,符合原文語境。選項D正確。

(6)referenceto表示關(guān)于,提及,涉及。這里指:關(guān)于這個幼稚的難題。

(7)gobackto為固定搭配,意為“追溯到”。選項B正確。

(8)句意:在一個標題為《是先有母雞還是先有雞蛋》的章節(jié)中。entitle標題為……,稱做...;knighted授予爵位;documented用文件證明;granted保證,擔(dān)保。選項A符合句意。

(9)句意:他暗示這個問題已經(jīng)很好地確立了。選項A符合原文語境。

(10)cued暗示,給出線索;hinted暗示,示意,后面一般接that從句;pronounced宣告;pointed指出,一般與out搭配。句意:Plutarchus也暗示了這個難解之謎更大的意義。選項A正確。

(11)根據(jù)上一句提到的利用工具可推測,這里指創(chuàng)造和改變世界。選項C符合原文語境。

(12)根據(jù)句意:專家組是否解決了這一爭議尚不清楚。選項中只有D選項符合句意。

(13)根據(jù)but可知前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折,上一句提到爭議是否解決尚不清楚,但是他們在雞和蛋的正確順序上達成了一致。選項D與其他選項意義相反,符合原文句意,所以正確。

(14)句意:諾丁漢大學(xué)的進化遺傳學(xué)家JohnBrookfield說,解決辦法是...。選項中只有選項C與原文相關(guān),符合原文語境。

(15)根據(jù)上文可知,JohnBrookfield是一名進化遺傳學(xué)教授,由此可以推測,這里指evolved。選項B正確。

(16)giveriseto為固定搭配,意為“使發(fā)生,引起”。

(17)根據(jù)下文“geneticmutation”基因突變可推測,產(chǎn)生的是一個新的物種。所以選項A符合原文語境。

(18)句意:第一只雞肯定和它的父母相比有一些基因變化。選項B符合原文句意。

(19)arbitrary任意的,武斷的;radical根本的,徹底的;subtle微妙的;negligible微不足道的。根據(jù)原文語境可知,這里指微妙的變化。

(20)fulfillcriteria指滿足條件,符合標準。句意:但正是這種變化使這只雞成為有史以來第一只符合我們標準的真正的雞。選項D符合原文句意。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

第6題:

第7題:

第8題:

第9題:

第10題:

第11題:

第12題:

第13題:

第14題:

第15題:

第16題:

第17題:

第18題:

第19題:

第20題:

11.單選題

Itisridiculousthatwe().

問題1選項

A.areshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

B.beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

C.mightbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

D.couldbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

【答案】B

【解析】考査虛擬語氣。Itis/was+adj/n+that+主語+虛擬語氣。that后面的從句用should+原形,

其中should可省略,

選項B就是省略了should的虛擬語氣,

所以選B。

12.單選題

Manyofusbelievedthatperson’smindbecomeslessactiveashegrowsolder.Butthisisnottrue,accordingtoDr.LissyF.JfessorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngles,andaboardmemberoftheNewCenterforAgingattheVeteransHospital.Shehasstudiedthementalfunctioningofagingpersonsforseveralyears.Forexample,oneofherstudiesconcerns136pairsofidenticaltwins,whowerefirstexaminedwhentheywerealready60yearsold.AsDrJarvikcontinuedthestudyofthetwinsintotheir70sand80s,theirmindsdidnotgenerallydeclineaswasexpected.

However,therewassomedeclineintheirpsycho-motorspeed.Thismeansthatittookthemlongertoaccomplishmentaltaskthanitusedto.Butwhenspeedwasnotafactor,theylostverylittleintellectualabilityovertheyears.Ingeneral,Dr.Jarvik’sstudieshaveshownthatthereisnodeclineinknowledgeorreasoningability.Thisistruenotonlyintothe30sand40s,butintothe60sand70saswell.

Asforlearningnewthings,andabilitytoremember,studiesbyDr.Jarvikandothersshowthattheoldareequaltotheyoung.Itistruethatolderpeoplethemselvesoftencomplainthatthememoryisnotasgoodasitoncewas.However,muchofwhatwecall“l(fā)ossofmemory”isnotthatatall.Thereusuallywasincompletelearninginthefirstplace.Forexample,theolderpersonperhapshadtroublehearing,orpoorvision,orinattention,orwastryingtolearnthenewthingattoofastapace.

Inthecaseswheretheolderperson’smindreallyseemstodecay,itisnotnecessarilyasignofadecayduetooldageor“senility”.Oftenitissimplyasignofadepressedemotionalstate.Thisdepressionusuallycanbecounteractedbycounselingtherapywithapsychologist,ormedicationswhichfightdepression.

InAmericansociety,whenanolderpersonlosessomething,wetendtocallhimorher“senile”.Butnoticethatwhenayoungerpersonlosessomething,hedoesnotblameitonsenilityorlo

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