考研考博-英語-山東政法學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東政法學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

問題1選項

A.spacious

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項spacious“寬敞的；無邊無際的”；B選項sufficient“足夠的；充分的”；C選項wide“廣泛的；寬的”；D選項wretched“可憐的；卑鄙的；令人苦惱的”。句意：布朗一家住在郊區(qū)一幢……又整潔舒適的房子里。被修飾詞是“房子”，用“寬敞的”最合適。A選項正確的。

2.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問題1選項

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。本句主語為Thislaw，賓語為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語動詞引導(dǎo)的定語修飾先行詞accidents，定語中包含了一個when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，句意：這項法律___兒童下車時跑過馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語，法律不會主動做某事，可至空格需要填入被動語態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

InPlato’sRepublicwefindadiscussionaboutmoralityandselfishness.Plato’sbrotherGlauconistryingtomakeSocratesgivesomegoodreasonsforwhyitisbettertobejustthantobeunjust.Glauconinsiststhatallpeoplebynaturelookafterthemselves,andwheneverwecangetawaywithsomething,wewilldoit,regardlessofhowunjustitmaybetoothers.Unfortunately,wemayreceivethesametreatmentfromothers,whichishighlyunpleasant,soforthesakeofpeaceandsecurityweagreetotreateachotherdecently—notbecausewewantto,butbecauseweareplayingitsafe.Moralityisjustaresultofourlookingoutforourselves.Ifwecangetawaywithsomething,itisournaturetomakethemostofit.

WhatGlauconissuggestinghereabouttheoriginofsocietyisafirstinWesternthought.Histheoryisanexampleofwhathasbecomeknownassocialcontracttheory,andthistypeoftheorybecameparticularlyinfluentialmuchlater,intheeighteenthcentury.Asocialcontracttheoryassumesthathumansusedtoliveinapre-socialsetting(withoutrules,regulations,orcooperation)andthen,forvariousreasons,gottogetherandagreedonsettingupasociety.Generally,socialcontracttheoriesassumethathumansdecidetobuildasocietywithrulesforthesakeofthecommongoodorforthesakeofself-protection.Thetheoryistodayknownaspsychologicalegoism.

ToGlaucon,decentpersonswilldo“unjust”thingsjustasquicklyasscoundrelsiftheyknowtheycangetawaywithitsincetheirhumannaturesareidentical.HereGlauconisactingasthedevil’sadvocateinordertomakeSocratesdefendjusticeassomethingthatisgoodinitself.Surelyweallcanremembereventsinourlivesthatshowthatwedon’talwaysactoutofself-interest.WemayrememberthatMotherTeresaandotherunselfishsoulshavespenttheirliveshelpingothers.Thepsychologicalegoistwouldcontendthattheymaynothavebeenawareoftheirtruemotives,butselfishitwas,somehow.Thesepeople,probably,wantedtogettoHeaven,toatoneforpastwrongdoing,ormaybetheyjustwantedtofeelwarminside.

Thistheory,cynicalasitmaysound,hasestablisheditselffirmlyinthemindsofmanymodernpeople.Somehow,thistheoryremovesthehalofromabovetheheadofeveryheroandeveryunselfishpersoninthehistoryofhumankind.Onereason,then,forthistheory’spopularityisitspresumedhonesty.Closelyrelatedtothenotionofhonestyisourmodernfascinationwithcynicism.Oftentimes,peoplearetrulyselfishanddevious,andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.However,thereisadifferencebetweenthiskindofprudentskepticismandauniversalcynicismthatbordersonparanoia.Suchradicalcynicismdoesn’tallowforthepossibilityoftheexistenceofgoodnessandkindness,andthisisoneoftheerrorspsychologicalegoistsareproneto.Psychologicalegoistsneversaythatwecan’thelpbeingselfishtothebone—theyjustsaythatthereissomehiddenselfishmotiveforwhateverwedothatwemaynotbeevenawareof.

1.WhatisthemainreasonformentreatingeachotherdecentlyaccordingtoGlaucon?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesocialcontracttheory?

3.HowwouldpsychologicalegoistsinterprettheexampleofMotherTeresa?

4.Whaterrorsarepsychologicalegoistslikelytomake?

問題1選項

A.Itisnotrightforonetobeunjusttootherpeople.

B.Itisbeneficialforpeopletoretainpeaceandsecurity.

C.Moralityandselflessnessarewhatweshouldpursue.

D.Wearepronetomakethemostofsomething.

問題2選項

A.Itiscontrarytopsychologicalegoists’beliefs.

B.Itrecordshumanlifeinaworldwithoutoperationandrules.

C.Itpresumesthatasocietywithrulesistoguaranteethebenefitsofall.

D.Itassumesthatpeoplearebynatureunselfish.

問題3選項

A.Shehelpsothersforthesakeofherself

B.Justiceisgoodinitselftothedevil’sadvocate.

C.Descentpersonswilldounjustthingsaswell.

D.Sheisatypicalpersonwithfeelingsofparanoia.

問題4選項

A.Theydonotjustifytheirtheoryfully.

B.Theyhavechangedpeople’sview.

C.Theyneverwarnpeopleoftheirunawareselfishness.

D.Theygototheextremeofdisbelievingpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“forthesakeofpeaceandsecurity...weareplayingitsafe.”為了和平與安全,我們同意善待彼此——不是因為我們想這樣做,而是因為我們謹慎行事。也就是說人與人之間保持和平與安全是有益的。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“socialcontracttheory”定位到原文第二段,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“Generally,socialcontracttheories...forthesakeofself-protection.”一般來說,社會契約理論認為,人類決定建立一個有規(guī)則的社會是為了公共利益或自我保護。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MotherTeresa”定位到第三段最后三句,心理利己主義者認為他們可能沒有意識到自己的真實動機,但從某種程度上來說,他們是自私的。這些人可能是想上天堂,為過去的錯誤行為贖罪,或者他們只是想感受內(nèi)心的溫暖。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Suchradicalcynicism...psychologicalegoistsareproneto.”這種極端的犬儒主義不允許善良和善良存在的可能性,這是心理利己主義者容易犯的錯誤之一。也就是說他們很極端,容易懷疑他人,所以選項D正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

4.單選題

Theprotestswerepartoftheir（）againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopmentinthearea.

問題1選項

A.commission

B.commitment

C.convention

D.campaign

【答案】D

【解析】語義題。commission授權(quán)，委托；commitment承諾，許諾，保證；convention習(xí)俗，慣例。campaign運動,戰(zhàn)役。根據(jù)句中protests，partof推測,D項campaign符合句意。

5.單選題

Willyoulook______thiswordintheInternet?

問題1選項

A.on

B.into

C.up

D.forwardto

【答案】C

【解析】；窺視；瀏覽；看”；C選項lookup“仰望；查閱；尊敬；拜訪；改善”；D選項lookforwardto“盼望；期待；期盼；預(yù)期”。句意：你會在網(wǎng)上查閱這個單詞嗎？因此C選項正確。

6.單選題

Ashewasathoroughlyprofessionaljournalist,healreadyknewthemedia____.

問題1選項

A.toandfrom

B.upsideanddown

C.insideandout

D.nowandthen

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.toandfrom去和回B.upsideanddown上和下

C.insideandout從里到外；徹底地D.nowandthen有時

【考查點】語義銜接和固定搭配

【解題思路】空格的內(nèi)容在主句中做狀語，主句的句意為“他對媒體____熟悉”，根據(jù)從句的句意“因為他是一位非常專業(yè)的（thoroughlyprofessional）記者”可知，“他”應(yīng)該對媒體非常熟悉，C選項insideandout為固定搭配，意為“從里到外；徹底地”符合原句語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】因為他是一位非常專業(yè)的記者，所以他對媒體相當熟悉。

7.單選題

ThepanelofdistinguishedscientistsgatheredinCambridgetodiscusstheevidencesinsupportofDr.Thistlethwaite’srevolutionaryhypothesis.

問題1選項

A.Thepanelofdistinguishedscientists

B.inCambridge

C.discusstheevidencesin

D.supportof

E.沒有問題

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。evidences改為evidence。evidence:表示證據(jù)，只能用單數(shù)。

8.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

問題2選項

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

問題3選項

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

問題4選項

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問的是錄音中給出的關(guān)于過度合作的信息。錄音開頭提到過于強調(diào)成為一個好的團隊成員會對職業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生負面影響，這里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即問題中所說的beingovercollaborative,因此C選項“可能阻礙個人職業(yè)發(fā)展”符合原文。A選項“它可能給團隊成員帶來太大壓力”；B選項“它可能會損害當今的職場文化”和D選項“它可能會導(dǎo)致人們不愿意冒險”在錄音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于參與合作項目的人，說話者說了什么？錄音提到，合作會使個人能力和個人貢獻更難被外人發(fā)現(xiàn)（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D選項“他們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的貢獻很難被識別出來”與之表述相符，因此正確。A選項“他們幾乎不能表達他們原來的觀點”，錄音說的是“他們太過隱藏自己的觀點”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A選項不正確；錄音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并沒有提到“合作”對創(chuàng)造力和動力的影響，因此B選項“他們最終可能會失去信心和創(chuàng)造力”和C選項“他們會變得更沒有動力去做自己的項目”均不正確。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問人們從團隊合作中得到什么益處？錄音提到，在團隊中工作有很大的好處——團隊也許會多次獲得成功，并經(jīng)常獲得認可，團隊成員便有更多的機會來擴大其職業(yè)關(guān)系網(wǎng)（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B選項“他們可以擴大自己的職業(yè)圈子”與之表述相符。A選項“他們可能有機會從事研究工作”這一信息在錄音中并未提及；C選項“他們可以更容易地完成項目”，錄音中沒有對比個人項目和團隊項目哪個更容易完成，因此可排除；D選項“他們可以充分利用自己的專業(yè)知識”，利用錄音中的expertise設(shè)置干擾，錄音中指的是與專業(yè)知識互補的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的專業(yè)知識，因此D選項也不正確。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問為什么花太多時間以求達成共識會令人討厭？錄音最后提到，當我們過度合作時，會希望每個人都同意某個決定，而這會造成不必要的延誤（createunnecessarydelays），也就是說“可能會妨礙我們及時做出決定”，因此A選項正確。B選項“可能會在團隊中引起很多爭論”在錄音中未提及；C選項“可能剝奪團隊的商業(yè)機會”，主要是利用錄音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晉升機會）和groupprojectopportunity（團隊項目機會）設(shè)干擾，但這些不等同于C選項中的businessopportunities（商業(yè)機會），因此C選項不能選；D選項“可能會產(chǎn)生很多不必要的費用”在錄音中也沒有信息提及。

9.寫作題

Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPICWhatmarksthematurity(成熟)ofaperson?Givereasonsoruseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.

【答案】【參考范文】

Whenweareyoung,wehavequiteaselfishattitudetowardslife.Ourpriorityistoseekpersonalhappiness.Weprefertoavoidactivitieswedonotenjoy.Asaresult,ourelderssuchasparentsorteachersfrequentlyresorttorewardsorpunitivemeasurestoforceustoassumeresponsibilitieswewouldratheravoid.

However,aswegrowold,welearnthatlifeisalotmorethanpursuingpersonalhappinessonly.Werealizethatwehaveresponsibilitiesnotonlytowardsourselvesbutalsotowardsotherpeopleaswellasthegreatersociety.Thismomentofrealizationiswhatmarksthematurityofaperson.Weembracethefactthatwehavedifferentrolestoplayandeachrolemaycomewithdifferentsetsofresponsibilities.Asanemployee,weareresponsiblenotonlyforourselvesbutalsohaveobligationstowardsfellowemployees,thecompany,andexternalstakeholderssuchasthecustomers.Asaparent,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsourchildren.Andassomeoneinanintimaterelationship,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsoursignificanthalf.Similarly,asacitizen,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsfellowcitizensaswellasourcountry.

Aresponsibleandmaturepersonisoftenlessselfishandmoreconsideratetowardsotherpeoplethanhisorheryoungerselves.Thematurityisthenaturaloutcomeofyearsoflifeexperiencesthatturnusintowiserbeings.Whilematurityhelpsusmakebetterqualitydecisions,italsocomplicatesthedecision-makingprocess.Asyoungindividuals,ourdecision-makingprocessisoftenimpulsiveandintuitive.However,asmatureindividuals,thedecision-makingprocessbecomesdeliberativebecauseweconsidertheimpactofourdecisionsonnotonlyourselvesbutalsootherpeoplewhomaybeaffectedbyit.

Inconclusion,havingasenseofresponsibilitymarksthematurityofaperson.Withresponsibility,amaturepersonislessselfish,wiser,andmoreconsideratethanhisorheryoungerself.Heorshemaymakethedecisionsslowerasamaturepersonthanasayoungpersonbutthedecisionsmadeasamaturepersonalsotendtobeofhigherqualitythanthosemadeasayoungperson.

10.單選題

Tomakeiteasiertoreturnanypurchases,savetheoriginalpackaging,especiallyforelectronicandhousehold（）.

問題1選項

A.instruments

B.facilities

C.appliances

D.equipment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。instrument“工具，樂器”；facility“設(shè)施，設(shè)備”；appliance“器具，裝置”；equipment“設(shè)備，裝備”。句意：為了退貨方便，需要保留原來的包裝，尤其是電子產(chǎn)品和家用電器。選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Givingagiftcanconveyawealthofmeaningaboutyourappreciationoftheir（

）andtheimportanceyouplaceupontherelationship.

問題1選項

A.solidarity

B.priority

C.superiority

D.hospitality

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項solidarity“團結(jié)”；B選項priority“優(yōu)先”；C選項superiority“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)越性”；D選項hospitality“熱情”，句子的主語是“givingagift贈送禮物”，about介詞，意思是“關(guān)于”，根據(jù)空格前后是一個of短語的所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，這里判斷空格部分單詞意思為“熱情，好客”，句意為：贈送禮物能表達你對別人盛情款待的感激之情和你對別人的重視。和選項D意思接近。

12.單選題

Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.Therefore,itisimportanttorememberthatyourobjectiveduringtheinterviewmaydifferfromtheobjectiveofthepotentialemployer.Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou,buttohiretherightpersonforthejob.

Remember,jobhuntingisverycompetitive.Anythingyoucandotoenhanceyourinterviewtechniqueswillbetoyouradvantage.Thefollowingsuggestionsmayhelpyoulandthemostimportantjob.

Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.

Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.

Showtheinterviewerthatyouareinterestedinthecompanybyaskingrelevantquestions.Askaboutresponsibilities,workingconditions,promotionopportunitiesandfringebenefits（附加福利）ofthejobyouareinterviewingfor.

Ifathomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.

Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary.Thispolitelypassesthequestionbacktotheinterviewer.Iftheinterviewercontinuestopress,givehimarangeorsuggestthegoingrateforaparticularjob.Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.

1.Togetthejobyouwant,duringtheinterviewyoushould（）.

2.Ifyoudidnotgetalongwithyourformeremployer,you（）.

3.Whenyoufindtheinterviewisnotgoingwellyoushould（）.

4.Thebesttimetodiscussyoursalaryis（）.

5.Themostimportantthingtododuringaninterviewis（）.

問題1選項

A.avoidtheinterviewer’squestionsthataredesignedtotripyou

B.rememberthatyouarethebestqualifiedcandidate

C.makeyourselfstandoutastherightpersonforthejob

D.keepinmindthatitdetermineswhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant

問題2選項

A.shouldtelltheinterviewerfrankly

B.shouldnotspeakillofhim

C.shouldrefertohiminafactualmanner

D.shouldnevermentionit

問題3選項

A.keepupyourconfidence

B.bringittoanendassoonaspossible

C.tellyourinterviewerhowyoureacttoadversecondition

D.tellyourselfyouhavemuchtogainandnothingtolose

問題4選項

A.whenyouhavebeenofferedthejob

B.attheendoftheinterview

C.afteryouhavecompletedthepaperwork

D.whentheinterviewerbringsthismatterup

問題5選項

A.tomakeyourstrengthsunderstood

B.toshowyourintenseinterestinthejobyouareapplyingfor

C.tobefrankandsincere

D.tobenaturalandconfident

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想讓自己作為一個完整的人脫穎而出，這個人有自己的優(yōu)點，很有資格，應(yīng)該被認為是這份工作的合適人選）?？芍诿嬖囍?，如果你想得到想要的工作，應(yīng)該讓自己作為工作的合適人員凸顯出來。因此C選項“讓你自己脫穎而出，成為這份工作的合適人選”正確。A選項在第一段Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou（面試者的任務(wù)不是讓你尷尬或絆倒你），因此可以得知面試者并不會給你使絆子，A選項錯誤；B選項不正確，原文并沒有說過這個，只是說要保持自信；D選項在第一段的第一句話有提到Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.（面試在找工作過程中是很重要的一件事，因為你與面試官待上的二三十分鐘可能會決定你是否能得到你想要的工作。）但是這并不是作者認為被面試者應(yīng)該銘記的事，因此D不正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.（不要說前老板的壞話。）可以得知如果和前老板相處的不好，也不要說他的壞話，因此B選項“不應(yīng)該說他的壞話”正確。A選項是在第四段Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.（如果你被解雇了，面試官問起這個問題，你要坦率地回答。）說的是如果被解雇了，則要坦率回答，和題干不符合，因此排除；C、D都并未提及，排除。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第六段Ifatsomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.（如果在某個時刻你覺得面試不順利，不要表現(xiàn)出你的沮喪。繼續(xù)表現(xiàn)出自信，你不會有什么損失，你可能會有很多收獲。）因此A選項“保持你的信心”正確。B、D雖然原文都有提及，但不是本題的信息點，因此排除；C選項在第六段Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.（它可能是好的，也可能是測試你對不利條件的反應(yīng)。）這只是一個推測，并且與如何在表現(xiàn)不好時做出回應(yīng)不相關(guān)，排除。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（如果可能的話，你應(yīng)該在得到一份工作之后，在你準備好去完成相關(guān)文件之后，再去談工資問題。）可以看出，作者認為最好的談薪水的時間應(yīng)該是在你已經(jīng)收到了工作邀請之后，因此A選項“當你得到這份工作的時候”正確。B選項未提及，無關(guān)項排除；C選項在最后一段youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（你應(yīng)該在得到一份工作之后，在你準備好去完成相關(guān)文件之后，再去談工資問題。）原文是說“準備好去完成相關(guān)文件”，而不是完成了文件，因此C選項錯誤，排除；D選項在最后一段Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary（有些面試官可能會在面試一開始就提出薪水問題。此時，你可以暗示與具體的薪水相比你更感興趣的是一份可以證明你自己的工作），從這里得知作者并不支持一開始就直接談薪水，因此D錯誤，排除。

5.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想讓自己作為一個完整的人脫穎而出，這個人有自己的優(yōu)點，很有資格，應(yīng)該被認為是這份工作的合適人選。）以及第三段Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.（在這次面試中，你的目標是確保別人能理解你的優(yōu)點。除非你指出來，否則面試官是不會知道的，所以你要盡量以事實和真誠的方式來表達。）通過這兩處可以看出，最重要的就是要讓自己的能力被理解、被面試官接收到，因此A選項“讓別人了解你的長處”正確。其余的B、C、D都是無關(guān)項，不符合題意。

13.單選題

Asisknowntoall,（）commoditieswilldefinitelydoharmtoourlifesoonerorlater.

問題1選項

A.counterfeit

B.fake

C.imitative

D.fraudulent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。counterfeit“假冒的，偽造的”，強調(diào)“出于非法意圖而假冒偽造”；fake“假的”，目的不一定是為了騙人，比如冒牌或代用品；imitative“模仿的”；fraudulent“欺騙性的”。句意：眾所周知，假冒商品遲早會傷害我們的生命。選項A符合題意。

14.單選題

Heraisedhiseyebrowsandstuckhisheadforwardand（）itinasinglenod,agestureboysusedthenforOK.whentheywerepleased.

問題1選項

A.shrugged

B.tugged

C.jerked

D.twisted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。shrugged“聳肩”；tugged“用力拉，迅速地穿衣服”；jerked“猛拉”；twisted“扭動”。句意：他揚起眉毛，把頭向前探了一探，猛地點頭，這是男孩子們開心時表示“好”的動作。C項符合題意。

15.單選題

Hardworkcan（）yoursuccessinlearningaforeignlanguage.

問題1選項

A.assure

B.guarantee

C.warrant

D.promise

【答案】B

【解析】句意:努力工作能保證你在學(xué)習(xí)一門外語上取得成功。

考查動詞辨析。Assure使確信,向…保證,弄清,查明;guarantee保證,擔(dān)保,保障;warrant使有必要,使正當;promise許諾,承諾,答應(yīng)。因此B符合句意。

16.單選題

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsscientistscontinuetoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisarmedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes—forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

46.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

47.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,______.

48.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach______.

49.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

50.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.

問題1選項

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

問題2選項

A.mayleadtoantiscientific,impureresults

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

問題3選項

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturalscience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

問題4選項

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

問題5選項

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“要定義科學(xué)，我們可以簡單地把科學(xué)稱之為……”。第一段最后一句提到Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).（為了使解釋盡可能簡單，假設(shè)科學(xué)被定義為分類的知識），由此可知D項“分類的知識”正確。A項“對不相關(guān)學(xué)科的研究”，原文未提及，A項不選。B項“解釋自然現(xiàn)象的一種嘗試”，第二段第四句提到Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.（例如，假設(shè)和理論是試圖解釋自然現(xiàn)象），因此B項錯誤。C項“對不相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究”，原文也未提及，C項錯誤。因此該題選D。

47.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“導(dǎo)致了顯微鏡問世的純科學(xué)是……”。文章中最后一段最后兩句指出oneshouldrememberthatthecons