一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法和結(jié)構(gòu)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等?！九e例】Igotupat6:30yesterday.我昨天6:30起床。Myfatherwasverybusylastweek.我父親上周很忙。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)⑴肯定句“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他”或者“主語(yǔ)+was/were+其他”。【舉例】Iplayedtennislastweekend.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。Myschooltripwasgreat.我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。⑵否定句“主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他”或“主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+其他”?！九e例】Thegirldidn’tplaycomputergamesyesterdayafternoon.這個(gè)女孩昨天下午沒(méi)玩電子游戲。OldHenrywasn’thappylastFriday.上星期五老亨利不高興。⑶一般疑問(wèn)句“Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes,主語(yǔ)+did”，否定回答為“No,主語(yǔ)+didn’t”或者"Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were”，否定回答為“No,主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t”?！九e例】一Didyougotothebeach?你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔俊猋es,wedid./No,wedidn’t,是的，我們?nèi)チ恕?不，我們沒(méi)有。—WasyourweekendOK?你的周末過(guò)得還行吧？—Yes,itwas./No,itwasn’t,是的，還行。/不，不行。⑷特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句（順序）？【舉例】一WhatdidLiLeidolastweekend?李雷上周末干什么了？—Hevisitedhisgrandparents.他去看了他的祖父母?！猈herewereyouyesterday?你昨天在哪兒？—Iwasathome.我在家里。為了便于記憶行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）的一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可用以下歌訣來(lái)幫助記憶：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志。否定形式很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要還原。疑問(wèn)構(gòu)成有規(guī)則，主語(yǔ)前面加did。過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：⑴系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式有兩種形式：was和were。其中was是am和is的過(guò)去式，were是are的過(guò)去式。⑵規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加一ed。【舉例】walk^walkedplaysplayed以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞末尾只加一d。【舉例】lovefloveddecide^decided結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞。先將y變?yōu)閕，再加一ed?！九e例】study^studiedcarryfcarried④末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加一ed?！九e例】stop-stoppedplan-planned規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來(lái)記憶：過(guò)去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加一ed如果詞尾有個(gè)e(不發(fā)音的)，只需直接加上一d?！拜o音字母+y”在詞尾，變y為i加一ed?！耙惠o重閉”作尾巴，雙寫(xiě)之后加一ed。隨堂練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。am/is2.do3.go4.have5.isn，t6.aren，t7.spend8.cook9.read10.clean11.live12.study用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列對(duì)話?！狧owwasyourweekend?—Itgreat.—Whatyoulastweekend?—Isomehomework.—Whatshelastweekend?—Shetothebeach.—Whattheydolastweekend?—Theytothemovies.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。We(enjoy)ourselvesatthepartylastnight.Jack(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.you(go)totheGreatWalllastyear?Whatday(be)ityesterday?Theoldman(be)illandwenttoseeadoctor.We(have)apartylastnight.We(visit)themuseumandwenthome.—How(be)thestudents?—Theywereveryfriendly.Heoften(have)supperathome.Todayhe(have)supperatschool.Wehadgreatfun(play)inthewater.Thatmademe(feel)veryhappy.—he(have)lunchatnine?—No,hedidn，t.They(buy)aguitaryesterday.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。Hecameherelastmonth.(改為否定句)Heherelastmonth.2..Theyplayedfootballthismorning.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作簡(jiǎn)略回答)一theyfootballthismorning?——Yes,they./No,they.TheywenttoBeijinglastyear.僦劃線部分提問(wèn))theylastyear.TomwatchedTVlastnight.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)TomTVlastnight?Marydoeshomeworkeveryday.(用lastnight改寫(xiě)句子)Mary.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。⑴be（am,is,ar動(dòng)!詞：（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)）肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）+其它。如：①I(mǎi)amastudent,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+名詞）Theyarehungry,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+形容詞）Heisout,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+副詞）Thatpenismine,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+代詞）Iamfifteen,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+數(shù)詞）Thebikeisunderthetree,（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ)）運(yùn)用am,is,are寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（am,is,are）+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。運(yùn)用am,is,are寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子一般疑問(wèn)句：Be（am,is,are）+主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.運(yùn)用am,is,are寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?運(yùn)用am,is,are寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞（what,where,who,when,which,whose,how,howmany,howmuch,whatshape,whatcolour,），找句子中有沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞（is,am或者are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞（is,am或者are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞+其他?）（2）行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+（其它）。（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)）1）主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它否定式為：主語(yǔ)+don't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它疑問(wèn)句為：Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？e.g.①WespeakChinese.DoyouspeakChinese?---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Theydon'tspeakChinese,寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子2）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)：（he,she,it,A/An,單獨(dú)的人或事物:Lily/book）肯定句為:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（詞尾加s或es）+其它。否定式為：主語(yǔ)+doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.疑問(wèn)句式：Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？HespeaksEnglish.Hedoesn'tspeaksEnglish.-Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.寫(xiě)三個(gè)句子特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?3）動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks（2）以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，口-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes（3）以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies（3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)）（can,could,beableto,may,might,must,haveto,need,shall,should,will,would）時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形一般疑問(wèn)句;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Eg:①HecanspeakEnglish.②CanIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)聯(lián)用：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month"),onceaweek,onSundays例句：HeusuallyplaysfootballonSundays.一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemaketake__loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthepark.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：Thereisaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：Anndoesherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：IreadanEnglishbook.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定/否定回答：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：Mybrotherisintheparkjustnow.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)Igotoschoolbefore7:00inthemorning.(he)IalwaysgoshoppingwithmymumonSunday.(she)3.IsometimesplaycomputergamesafterschoolonSunday.(he)IalwaystakeexerciseafterclassonMonday.(mymother)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過(guò)去時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。｝不含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；｝含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did｝不含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)｝含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)疑問(wèn)句也不難，要把was，were放在主語(yǔ)前。二、be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌握動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)。be的過(guò)去時(shí)有四巧：一是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)巧，表示過(guò)去的短語(yǔ)要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was，復(fù)數(shù)were；三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，not緊跟was/were；四是疑問(wèn)句式巧，was/were向前跑(提前)?！疽磺伞繒r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(即標(biāo)志詞)巧。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過(guò)去的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等；由“l(fā)ast+一時(shí)間名詞"構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；由“時(shí)間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；其它：justnow等由某些表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等。【二巧】形式巧。它與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was；主語(yǔ)是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。例如：Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning.昨天早上我在教室里。HewasatschoollastTuesday.上周二他在學(xué)校。Theywereoverthereamomentago.剛才他們?cè)谀沁?。【三巧】否定句結(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，它在動(dòng)詞后面加not即可變成否定句，并且was,were與not可以縮寫(xiě)成wasn't,weren'to即：主語(yǔ)+wasn't/weren't+表語(yǔ)+其他。例如：Iwasnot(=wasn't)hereyesterday.昨天我不在這兒。Myparentswerenot(=weren't)athomelastSunday.上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞恳蓡?wèn)句式巧。把was,were提到句首，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句。即：Was(Were)+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)+其他？這恰巧與動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句式相似。例如：Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday?前天你在家嗎？Wasshelatethismorning?今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were.”；否定回答用“No,主語(yǔ)+wasn't/weren't.”。例如：一WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow?剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒?jiǎn)?？—Yes,theywere.(No,theyweren't.)是的，她們?cè)凇?不，她們不在。)一、單項(xiàng)選擇：從下列各題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。(10)()1.Myfatherillyesterday.A.isn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't()2.yourparentsathomelastweek?A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were()3.Thetwins_inDalianlastyear.Theyherenow.A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was()4.yourfatheratworkthedayyesterday(前天)A.Was;beforeB.Is;beforeC.Was;afterD.Is;after()5.—WhowasondutylastFriday?A.IamB.IwasC.Yes,IwasD.No,Iwasn't()6.Icleanedmyclassroom.AwiththreehoursBthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icamemyhousetwodaysago.AbackonBbacktoCtobackDback()8.?Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday()9.Whatdidyoudo?Iwenttothemovies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday()10.Thekoalasleeps，butgetsup.Aduringtheday;attheeveningBatdayduringnightCinthedayduringtheeveningDduringtheday;atnight二、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。(10)I(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.she(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she.WhatTom(do)onSaturdayevening?He(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.Whenyou(write)thissong?I(write)itlastyear.Myfriend,Carol,（study）forthemathtestand（practice）Englishlastnight.Mr.Li（do）theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.How（be）Jim'sweekend?It（benot）bad.（be）yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she.三、翻譯下列句子（20）我過(guò)了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。Iexcitingweekend.Jenny喜歡看書(shū)。昨晚她看了一本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。Jennylikes.SheanEnglishbooklastnight.Emma每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤](méi)有看。EmmaTVeveryday.Butheyesterday.上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購(gòu)物了。WhattheySaturday?Theyhomeworkand.今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。ThismorningFangfangbecausehisfatheryesterday.你還有什么要說(shuō)的？Whatwouldyoulike?放學(xué)別忘了向老師說(shuō)聲再見(jiàn)。Don’tforgettheteacher.為什么你昨晚沒(méi)有看電視？WhyyouTVlastnight?他在打掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。Whenhetheclassroom,heawatchontheground.他什么時(shí)候出生的？1980年。--Whenhe?---1980.四、改寫(xiě)句子：（20）Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucyherhomeworkathome.Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問(wèn)句）hemeatinthefridge?Therewassomeorangeinthecup.（變一般疑問(wèn)句）thereorangeinthecup?Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.（一般疑問(wèn)句）Frankaninterestingbookabouthistory?Whynotgooutforawalk?（同義句）outforawalk?ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.（否定句）ThomasRMB10onthisbook.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.（劃線提問(wèn)）familylastweek?IthinksheisLily’ssister.（否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.（否定句）Sallyoftensomereadinginthemorning.Heisatall,thinboy.（劃線提問(wèn)）he?

五、改錯(cuò)題(20)HowisJaneyesterday?Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.Didyousawhimjustnow.Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.Ididn，tmyhomeworkyesterday.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.Whofinditjustnow?Whatmakehimcry(哭)justnow?六、完形填空(10)Tomdidnotlikedoinghishomework,becausehelikedtodosome1thingsafterschool.Andhisteacheralways2alotofmistakesinhishomework．shomeworkandsawthathegotallhis(驚奇).Thenextmorningbeforeclass,“Yougotallyourhomeworkrightthissfatherhelpedhimwithhishomework,athome.SoTomanswered,“NO,Thenoneday,hismathsteacher3atTom，answersright.Hewasvery4andsurprisedhecalledTom5hisdeskand6tohimtime.Didyourfatherhelpyou?”SometimesTom'7thistimehedidn，thelpTombecausehe8Sir.HeWasbusylastnight,soI9todoit10()1.A.othersB.anotherC.theotherD.other()2.A.madeB.foundC.lookedatD.looked()3．A．laughedB．knockedC．lookedD．saw()4．A．ple