語言學(xué)Unit3Conversion市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unit3Conversion

詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯ByPYSH11/35I.DefinitionAsoneofthecommonlyadoptedtranslationtechniques,conversionmeansthechangeofpartsofspeechintranslation.OwingtothedifferencesinbothsyntacticalstructuresandidiomaticexpressionsbetweenEnglishandChinese,itisusuallyimpossibleforatranslatortokeeptotheoriginalpartofspeechintheprocessoftranslation.Certainpartsofspeech,therefore,intheoriginaloftenhastobeconvertedintoothers.22/35II.ClassificationofconversionConversioncanbedividedinto5types:ConvertingintoVerbsConvertingintonounsConvertingintoadjectivesConvertingintoadverbsConvertingintosentenceelements

33/35ConvertingintoVerbs

英語和漢語比較起來，漢語中動(dòng)詞用得比較多。往往在英語句子中只用一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，而在漢語中卻能夠幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞性結(jié)構(gòu)連用。44/35Familiesupstairshavetocarrypailstothehydrantdownstairsforwater.

住在樓上人家得提著水桶去樓下水龍頭打水。Heisgoingtothemarketforanox,whichwouldhelphimwiththeworkinthefieldssothathecouldearnenoughmoneyforawife.他打算趕集買頭牛幫他種地掙夠錢娶媳婦。55/351.1Nounsintoverbs

①.Nounsderivedfromaverbapplication;solution;establishment②.Nounsimplyinganactionsight;thought;glance③.Nounswithasuffix-er(-or)swimmer;chain-smoker66/35ExamplesAglancethroughhisofficewindowoffersapanoramic[,p?n?’r?mik]全景viewoftheWashingtonMonumentandtheLincolnMemorial.從他辦公室窗口能夠一眼看到華盛頓紀(jì)念碑和林肯紀(jì)念館全景。IamafraidIcan'tteachyouswimming.IthinkmylittlebrotherisabetterteacherthanI.我恐怕不能教你游泳。我以為我弟弟比我教得好。77/35ForWesternersinChina,theestablishmentofaneffectiveteamofmanagersmeansattractingandretainingbothexpatriateandlocalmanagementtalent.對(duì)于在中國(guó)西方人來說，建立一支有效管理團(tuán)體意味著既要吸引又要留住來自海外管理人才和本土管理人才。建立人工林establishmentofplantations88/351.2Prepositionsintoverbs"Coming!"Awaysheskimmedoverthelawn,upthepath,upthesteps,acrosstheveranda,andintotheporch.“來啦！”她蹦著跳著地跑了，越過草地，跑上小徑，跨上臺(tái)階，穿過涼臺(tái)，進(jìn)了門廊。99/35ThecountryhasrefusedtoheedthelegitimateappealoftheUnitedNationsforco-operation.該國(guó)無視聯(lián)合國(guó)要求合作正當(dāng)呼吁。Ibarreledstraightahead,

across

theharborandout

over

thesea.我筆直向前高速飛行，越過港口，飛臨海面。1010/35Thestreetrunswestward,acrossagreatbridge,downahillandupagain,bylittleshopsandmeat-markets,pastsingle-storiedhomes,untilsuddenlyitstopsagainstawidegreenlawn.這條大街向西而去，跨過一座大橋，延伸下坡后又上坡，經(jīng)過了幾家店鋪和肉市，又越過了幾幢平房，最終在一片開闊綠草坪前突然到了盡頭。Trainingasasalespersonwouldguaranteehersomeemploymentonceherschoolingwasthrough.參加推銷員培訓(xùn)就會(huì)確保她在學(xué)業(yè)完成以后能找到工作做。1111/351.3Adjectivesintoverbs

英語中表示知覺、情感、欲望等心理狀態(tài)形容詞，在系動(dòng)詞后用作表語時(shí)，往往可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。如：confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,afraid,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,ashamed,thankful,anxious等。比如：Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.兩種物質(zhì)都溶于水。1212/351.4Adverbsintoverbs

--aspartofpredicate

Wisely,youmadenoattempttohavetheseproblemsdiscussedbytheGeneralAssembly,believingthattheyshouldbedealtwithelsewhere.你非常明智，沒有試圖讓大會(huì)討論這些問題，而認(rèn)為應(yīng)在其它場(chǎng)所處理。1313/35ConvertingintonounsVerbsconvertedintonounsAdjectivesintonounsAdverbsintonouns14廣東海洋大學(xué)翻譯網(wǎng)絡(luò)課件14/35Formalityhasalwayscharacterizedtheirrelationship.他們之間關(guān)系，有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，就是以禮相待。2.1Verbsintonouns

Verbsderivedfromanoun

1515/35Tothem,hepersonifiedtheabsolutepower.在他們看來，他就是絕對(duì)權(quán)威化身。

InGreekmythology,loveispersonifiedbythegoddessAphrodite.在希臘神話中，阿佛洛苔蒂女神是愛化身。1616/352.2Adjectivesintonouns

Adjectiveswithadefinitearticle

Adjectivesexpressingcharacteristics

RobinHoodandhismerrymenhatedtherich,lovedandprotectedthepoor.羅賓漢和他搭檔們痛恨闊人，熱愛并保護(hù)窮人。Lackoftrustisverydestructiveinarelationship.缺乏信任對(duì)人際關(guān)系危害很大。1717/352.3Adverbsintonouns

ItwasofficiallyannouncedthattheyagreedonareplytotheSovietUnion.官方宣告，他們就給蘇聯(lián)復(fù)信一事取得了一致意見。Heis

physically

weakbut

mentally

sound.他即使身體虛弱，不過心智健全。1818/35Theimagemustbedimensionallycorrect.圖形尺寸必須正確。ThepapersaideditoriallythatMcMillanhasstolenthewesternleadershipduringDulles’absence.這家報(bào)紙社論說，麥克米蘭企業(yè)在杜勒斯臥病期間竊走了西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)。1919/353.ConvertingintoadjectivesNounsconvertedintoadjectivesAdverbsintoadjectives20廣東海洋大學(xué)翻譯網(wǎng)絡(luò)課件20/353.1Nounsintoadjectives◆①Nounsderivedfromanadj.---likeliness;flexibility◆②Nounswithanindefinitearticleusedasapredicate---afailure;asuccess,etc.2121/35ExamplesThepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.她蒼白臉色顯然表明了她那時(shí)情緒。Diligenceandintelligenceareofconsiderableimportancetoyoursuccess.勤奮和才智對(duì)你取得成功是頗為主要。2222/35HeknowsMaryverywellbysightandhadlongfeltaninterestinherbecauseofherbeauty.他認(rèn)得瑪麗。因?yàn)楝旣愰L(zhǎng)得很漂亮，他早就對(duì)她一見鐘情了。Thesecurityandwarmthofthedestroyer’ssickbaywerewonderful.驅(qū)逐艦醫(yī)務(wù)室安全而溫暖，好極了。2323/353.2AdverbsintoadjectivesThecomputerischieflycharacterizedbyitsaccurateandquickcomputations.計(jì)算機(jī)主要特點(diǎn)是計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確而快速。Ithinkdifferently.我想法和你不一樣。2424/35Convertingintoadverbs

NounsintoadverbsAdjectivesintoadverbs

25廣東海洋大學(xué)翻譯網(wǎng)絡(luò)課件25/35Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.(he---BillClinton)只要一發(fā)覺有可能反對(duì)他人，他就本能地要用他魅力和風(fēng)度將這人爭(zhēng)取過來。4.1Nounsintoadverbs2626/354.2Adjectivesintoadverbs

Canyougiveanaccuratetranslationofthesentence?你能確切地把這句話譯出來嗎？Thisisasheerlie.這純屬謊言。2727/355.Conversioninto

sentenceelementsConversionofNounsConversionofAdjectivesConversionofAdverbs2828/35Furtherdelaywouldcauseusgreaterlosses.假如再耽擱，我們將會(huì)蒙受更大損失Amanoflesscouragewouldnotdaretoworkinsideenemyheadquarters.假如是一個(gè)勇氣不足人，也不敢在敵人心臟里工作。2929/35Itwasapleasantuneventfulride.這次騎馬旅行令人愉快，沒出意外。HebecameapoorthirdintheEnglish-speakingcontest.他在英語演講比賽中得了第三名，其成績(jī)比第二名差了許多。3030/35Shewasexpensivelyspoiledfromthemomentofbirth.她從出生就一直受到溺愛，是一位用金錢堆起來“千金”。Heisadmittedlyreliable.他十分可靠，這是大家公認(rèn)。3131/35III.Practice1.Thenextnewsbulletin,shorterthanusual,madenomentionofthedemonstration2.AviewofMt.Fuji(富士山)canbeobtainedfromhere.接下來新聞節(jié)目比日常短，沒有提到示威游行。