新教材2024版高中英語(yǔ)Unit7CareersPartCLesson2CareerSkills學(xué)生用書(shū)北師大版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

PartCLesson2CareerSkills【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】課時(shí)詞匯常用短語(yǔ)典型句式trend,guarantee,motivated,financial,comprehension,require,apply,alternativekeepupwith,ratherthan,berelatedto,havedifficulty(in)doingsth.,comeupwith,beintouchwith,sumup,adapttosth.Therebe＋主語(yǔ)＋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Ⅰ.核心單詞練習(xí)：請(qǐng)依據(jù)所給英語(yǔ)單詞和詞性寫(xiě)出漢意或依據(jù)漢意和詞性寫(xiě)出正確單詞1．trendn.________________2．a(chǎn)lternativeadj.________________n.________________3．guaranteev.________________n.________________4．________________adj.財(cái)政的，金融的；財(cái)務(wù)的5．________________adj.合乎邏輯的，合情合理的6．________________n.理解(力)；閱讀理解測(cè)試7．________________adj.主動(dòng)的，主動(dòng)的Ⅱ.依據(jù)下面所給單詞，寫(xiě)出對(duì)應(yīng)的派生詞1．financen．金融→____________adj.財(cái)政的，金融的，財(cái)務(wù)的2．logicn．邏輯→____________adj.合乎邏輯的，合情合理的3．comprehendv．理解；領(lǐng)悟→____________n．理解(力)；閱讀理解測(cè)試→____________adj.理解的，有理解力的4．technologyn．技術(shù)→____________n．生物技術(shù)→____________adj.技術(shù)的；科技的5．motivatev．激發(fā)，激勵(lì)，使有動(dòng)機(jī)→____________adj.主動(dòng)的，主動(dòng)的→____________n．驅(qū)動(dòng)力；主動(dòng)性?第一版塊：核心單詞1．trendn．趨勢(shì)，趨向，傾向(教材P105)．..wecan'tpredictexactlywhatthejobtrendsofthefuturewillbe.……我們無(wú)法精確預(yù)料將來(lái)的工作趨勢(shì)。changethetrendofsb./sth.變更某人的傾向/某事的趨勢(shì)observethetrendofsth.視察某事的趨勢(shì)followthetrend趕時(shí)髦/時(shí)尚setatrend引領(lǐng)潮流?Fashiondesignersalwayssetthetrendofthestylesofclothingwewear.時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師總是引領(lǐng)我們所穿服裝款式的潮流。?Noonecanchangethegeneraltrendofworldhistory.誰(shuí)也變更不了世界歷史的總趨勢(shì)。[詞匯拓展]currenttrend目前趨勢(shì) latesttrend最新趨勢(shì)economictrend經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢(shì) downwardtrend向下的趨勢(shì)upwardtrend向上的趨勢(shì) oppositetrend相反的趨勢(shì)[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]trend的同義詞還有tendency，current等。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Nowadays,thereisagrowingtrend________moreandmorepeoplechoosetoenjoytheirfamilyreuniondinneroutside.②Whattechnologiesdoyouseedrivingthese________(trend)?完成句子③Thefashionabledressesdesignedbythisyoungdesigner________________(引領(lǐng)潮流).2.financialadj.財(cái)政的，金融的；財(cái)務(wù)的financen．金融；財(cái)政；財(cái)務(wù)(教材P12)financialskills財(cái)務(wù)技能financialservices金融服務(wù)afinancialcentre金融中心financialaffairs財(cái)務(wù)givefinancialadvice供應(yīng)財(cái)務(wù)詢(xún)問(wèn)afinancialadvisor財(cái)務(wù)顧問(wèn)financialdifficulties/problems/crisis財(cái)務(wù)困難/問(wèn)題/危機(jī)[詞匯積累]arrangefinance 支配資金get/obtainfinance 得到/獲得資金raisefinance 籌集資金globalfinance 全球金融internationalfinance 國(guó)際金融companyfinance 公司財(cái)政corporatefinance 企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)financecommittee 財(cái)政委員會(huì)financedepartment 財(cái)政部(門(mén))[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Governmentscouldrelievetheir________(finance)pressure.完成句子②然而，由于財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題，這些支配被放棄了。However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseof________________．3prehensionn．理解(力)；閱讀理解測(cè)試comprehendv．理解；領(lǐng)悟comprehensiveadj.有理解力的，綜合的，廣泛的(教材P12)comprehensionskills理解實(shí)力beyond/above/past(one's)comprehension超出(某人的)理解實(shí)力alistening/readingcomprehension聽(tīng)力/閱讀理解練習(xí)develop/trainone'scomprehension培育某人的理解實(shí)力passsb.'scomprehension令某人不能理解setsb.acomprehensiontest對(duì)某人進(jìn)行理解力測(cè)試havenocomprehensionofsth.不明白/不理解/不懂……[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]comprehend＋n./pron.理解……Ididnotcomprehendhismeaning．我不理解他的意思。(＝Ihadnocomprehensionofhismeaning.)Itisdifficulttocomprehendtheseriousnessofhiscrime.很難理解他所犯罪行的嚴(yán)峻性。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shehadnocomprehension________whatwasinvolved.完成句子②這個(gè)年輕人所作的擔(dān)保特別令人費(fèi)解。Theguaranteegivenbytheyoungmanwascompletely________________．③Howhemanageditis______________________(超出我的理解實(shí)力).④Theteachersettheclass________________________________(一次理解力測(cè)驗(yàn)).4.requirev．要求；須要requirementn．要求；必要條件(教材P105)Peoplewillberequiredtodomorecreativework,comingupwithnewideasandthinkingabouthowtoimproveexistingprocessesandactivities.人們將被要求做更多的創(chuàng)建性工作，提出新的想法，思索如何改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有的流程和活動(dòng)。sth.requiresdoing＝sth.requirestobedone某事須要被做requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事requirethat...要求……(賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略)requirealotofcareandattention須要悉心照看requireurgenttreatment須要緊急處理meet/satisfyrequirementsfor滿(mǎn)意……的要求?Successrequireshardwork.勝利須要努力工作。?Thecarrequireswashing.(＝Thecarrequirestobewashed.)這輛汽車(chē)須要清洗。?Theschoolrequiresstudentstowearschooluniforms.學(xué)校要求學(xué)生穿校服。?ThecollegerequiresthatallthestudentsshouldpasstheEnglishtest.這所高校要求全部學(xué)生都要通過(guò)這個(gè)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試。?Thenewcomputerswillmeet/satisfyourrequirements.這些新電腦將滿(mǎn)意我們的需求。[老師提示]require作“須要”解時(shí)，有sth.requiresdoing之用法，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)something與doing之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)中具有這種用法的動(dòng)詞還有need,want(須要)。如：Theroomwants/needs/requirescleaning/tobecleaned.這房間須要清理了。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theteacherrequiredthatthereadingcomprehension________(finish)beforeschoolwasover.②Themachinedoesnotworkwell.Itrequires________________(repair).③Theschoolrequiresstudents________(arrive)atschoolat6：00AM.④Thebookstoresatisfies/meetsthestudents'requirements________books.5.applyv．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用appliedadj.應(yīng)用的applicantn．申請(qǐng)者applicationn．應(yīng)用；用途；申請(qǐng)(教材P105)Arethereanyotherskillswewillneedthatcanbeappliedtodifferentjobs？有我們須要的能夠應(yīng)用于不同工作的什么其他技能嗎？applyfor申請(qǐng)applytosb.forsth.向某人申請(qǐng)某物apply...to...把……應(yīng)用到……applytheorytopractice把理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中applyoneselfto致力于(to是介詞)applytosth.對(duì)……適用，對(duì)……有效applytodo...申請(qǐng)做某事?Onehundredpeopleappliedforthejob.有100人申請(qǐng)那份工作。?SheappliedtoAppleandtheyofferedherajob.＝ShemadeanapplicationtoAppleandtheyofferedherajob.她向蘋(píng)果公司提出了申請(qǐng)，他們給她供應(yīng)了一份工作。?Thefactoryappliedanewtechnologytoimproveproductquality.工廠運(yùn)用了一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)來(lái)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。?Theruleappliestoallstudents.這規(guī)則對(duì)全部學(xué)生都適用。?HeappliedhimselftolearningEnglish.他致力于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Fulldetailswillbesenttoyouonceyour________(apply)hasbeenaccepted.②Thephysicianhasbeenapplyinghimselfto________(save)morepatients.③Sheappliedthecream(乳霜)________herface.④Heappliedpressure________thewound________(stop)thebleeding.完成句子⑤我已經(jīng)確定申請(qǐng)這份新工作。Ihavedecidedto________________________thisnewjob.⑥年輕的建筑師已經(jīng)花了相當(dāng)多的精力致力于這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Theyoungarchitect__________________________thistaskwithconsiderableenergy.6.alternativeadj.(僅用于名詞前)可替代的，供選擇的n．可供選擇的事物(教材P106)Unlessyouhavesomethingspecificyouwanttostudy,therearealternativestogoingtouniversity.除非你有什么特別想學(xué)的東西，否則除了上高校還有其他選擇。alternativeenergy替代能源alternativeways/methods可供選擇的方法analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth.除了做某事之外別無(wú)選擇?Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternativeexplanationsarehardtofind.恐龍的滅亡不愿定是因?yàn)樘祗w的碰撞，但也難以找到其他的說(shuō)明。(“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式”句式，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義)?Theonlyalternativetobeingtakenprisonerwastodiefighting.除了當(dāng)俘虜之外，唯一的選擇就是奮戰(zhàn)至死了。[歸納拓展]facewithtwoalternatives面臨兩種選擇findanalternative找到可供選擇的方法proposeanalternative提出一種可供選擇的方法analternativeofgoingbytrain選擇坐火車(chē)analternativetosb.'splan可以代替某人支配的方案[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereareseveral________(alternative)________yourplan.②I'mafraidIhavenoalternative________toreportyoutothepolice.③Wereturned________thealternativeroad.④Ihadnoalternativebut________(persuade)themantogiveup.7．guaranteevt.保證，擔(dān)保；n.保修單(教材P106)Goingtouniversitydoesnotguaranteeajob.上高校并不能保證找到工作。guaranteesth.保證、確保某事guarantee＋that從句保證……guaranteetodosth.保證去做某事guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb.向某人保證某事guarantee...against/from...保證……不……guaranteesth.forsometime對(duì)某物保修一段時(shí)間?Ican'tguaranteethestabilityofmyincome.我不能保證我的收入的穩(wěn)定。?Theboyguaranteedtobehavewellatthereception.這個(gè)男孩保證在款待會(huì)上好好表現(xiàn)。?Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatgraduatingfromafamousuniversitydoesn'tguaranteeyouagoodjobifyoulackconfidence.人們普遍認(rèn)為，假如你缺乏自信，從名牌高校畢業(yè)并不能保證你能得到一份好工作。?Icanguaranteethatheiswillingtoparticipateinthisactivity.我能保證他情愿參加這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。[歸納拓展]n.保證，擔(dān)保；擔(dān)保物；保修單underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人保證……offera30-daymoney-backguarantee供應(yīng)30天內(nèi)退款保證offeraone-yearguaranteeonsth.對(duì)……供應(yīng)一年質(zhì)保期[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Yourwatchwillberepairedfreeifitisstill________guarantee.②Ourgoods________(guarantee),andyoumayreturnanybadones.③Canyouguarantee________(work)formorethanayear?完成句子④Histurningupwill____________________________(保證勝利)ofthemeeting.8.motivatedadj.主動(dòng)的，主動(dòng)的motivatevt.成為……的動(dòng)機(jī)；激發(fā)motivationn．動(dòng)力，誘因(教材P106)Tosumitup,Isupposeyoucouldsayweneedtohavegoodcomputerskills,bemotivated,creative,hard-working,readytolearnandbeabletocommunicatewell！總而言之，我想你可以說(shuō)我們須要良好的計(jì)算機(jī)技能，有上進(jìn)心，有創(chuàng)建力，努力工作，隨時(shí)打算學(xué)習(xí)，并且能很好地溝通！bemotivatedby...受……激勵(lì)/激發(fā)；出于……的動(dòng)機(jī)motivatesb.todosth.激勵(lì)某人做某事one'smotivationfor(doing)sth.某人做某事的動(dòng)機(jī)ahighlevelofmotivation高度主動(dòng)性motivationbehind...……的背后動(dòng)機(jī)?Theyaremotivatedbyaneedtoachieve.對(duì)勝利的渴望激勵(lì)著他們。?Herdreammotivatedhertoworkhard.她的幻想激勵(lì)著她努力工作。?Heisahighlymotivatedstudent.他是一位特別主動(dòng)的學(xué)生。?Motivationisthekeytosuccess.自我驅(qū)動(dòng)是勝利的關(guān)鍵。[搭配拓展](1)keepsb.motivated 保持某人的主動(dòng)性getsb.motivated 使某人有主動(dòng)性becomemotivated 變得主動(dòng)(2)havehighmotivation 有很高的主動(dòng)性havepoormotivation 有很低的主動(dòng)性lackmotivation 缺乏主動(dòng)性losemotivation 失去動(dòng)機(jī)generatemotivation 激發(fā)主動(dòng)性providemotivation 供應(yīng)動(dòng)力reducemotivation 減弱主動(dòng)性maintainmotivation 保持主動(dòng)性[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)nmyopinion,Joeisa________(motivate)andambitiousyoungmanwithcleargoals.②Itisbelievedthatstudents'inner________(motivate)isessentialtotheirdevelopments.③Hermotivation________writingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttoreceivehighereducation.④Hisparentsmotivatehim________(study)furthertogethismaster'sdegree.完成句子⑤Peoplecan__________________________(被……激勵(lì))manythingswhentheysetgoals.⑥Thechildren____________________________(被激勵(lì)獨(dú)立)inthekindergarten.⑦Hehasaspecialabilityto__________________________(激勵(lì)他的學(xué)生更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)).?其次版塊：重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．leadto(教材P105)．..Iamhavingdifficultychoosingauniversitycoursethatwillleadtoagoodjobinthefuture.……我很難選擇一門(mén)將來(lái)能找到好工作的高校課程。(1)導(dǎo)致，造成(后果)?Ingivenconditions,abadthingcanleadtoagoodresult.在確定條件下，一件壞事可以導(dǎo)致好的結(jié)果。(2)通向，通往?AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。leadsb.todosth.使得某人做某事leadsb.tosomeplace領(lǐng)某人到某地leada．..life過(guò)著……的生活?Theastonishedlookonhisfaceledmetobelievethatheknewnothingabouttheresult.他臉上驚異的表情使我信任他對(duì)結(jié)果一竅不通。?Afterabriefintroduction,theassistantledmetotheofficeofthepresident.簡(jiǎn)潔的介紹之后，助理領(lǐng)我去了董事長(zhǎng)辦公室。?Actuallythesponsorledaverymiserablelife.事實(shí)上，贊助人過(guò)著特別凄慘的生活。[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]leadto中to為介詞，后接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)naddition,anxietyandworrycanlead________sickness.②Whenseeingmytrouble,thelibrarianledme________thebookIwaslookingfor.③Thefailureofhiscareerledhim________(be)inlowspirits.④Afterthat,theprinceandthegirlled________happylife.完成句子⑤Warneversettlesanything.Itonly________________(導(dǎo)致暴力).⑥Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroads______________________(通向公園).⑦WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,thesalesmenandsaleswomen__________________(過(guò)著勞碌的生活).2.keepupwith趕得上，跟得上(教材P105)Well,usingtheInternet,learningnewITskillsandkeepingupwithtechnologydevelopmentswillbeveryimportant.嗯，運(yùn)用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、學(xué)習(xí)新的IT技能和跟上技術(shù)發(fā)展將會(huì)特別重要。?Evenwell-establishedcorporationscanrarelykeepupwithdemand.即使知名企業(yè)也很少能跟上需求。?ItseemsthatIamoutofdateandcan'tkeepupwiththetimes,letalonesetthetrend.看來(lái)我已經(jīng)落伍了，跟不上時(shí)代，更別說(shuō)引領(lǐng)潮流了。keep(...)from 阻擋(某人)做某事，阻擋(某事)發(fā)生keepawayfrom 避開(kāi)接近；遠(yuǎn)離keepon 接著，不停地(做某事)keepback 忍住，抑制住；隱瞞keepto 遵守/信守(諾言)keepoff (使)遠(yuǎn)離keepup 堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)keepitup 保持優(yōu)秀成果；接著做下去?Asfarasthecriticcansee,thereisonlyonewaytokeepawayfromthistendency.在評(píng)論家看來(lái)，只有一種方法可以避開(kāi)這種傾向。[名師點(diǎn)津]catchupwith和keepupwith的區(qū)分這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都可表示“趕上”，其區(qū)分是：catchupwith是表示從落后的狀態(tài)迎頭趕上；keepupwith表示跟上某人以至于不落后。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Nothingwillkeepme________pursuingmydream.②Asaseniorthreestudent,whatyoushoulddoistokeep________agoodstateofmindandadjustyourselftothepaceoftheseniorthreelife.③Youmustkeep________therestrictionsevenifyouthinkthey'reunfair.④Keep________yourtearsandremainoptimistic.I'msureyou'llsucceedfinally.⑤Keepaway________theconstructionsite.Itisverydangerous.⑥Hekept________workingoutdoorsuntilmidnighteventhoughhewastired.完成句子⑦Sheisalwaysbuyingnewclothesto______________________________(跟上潮流).⑧Ifyou'reeatingahealthydiet,________________________(堅(jiān)持下去).3eupwith想出；提出；趕上(教材P105)．..peoplewillberequiredtodomorecreativework,comingupwithnewideas...……人們將被要求做更多的創(chuàng)建性工作，提出新的想法……?Allyouhadtodowascomeupwithagoodwaytoexplaintheabstractconcepttohim.全部你要做的就是想出一個(gè)好方法來(lái)向他說(shuō)明這個(gè)抽象的概念。?Ihadtoruntocomeupwithhim.我得跑才能趕上他。comeacross (偶然)遇見(jiàn)；被理解comeabout 發(fā)生(常與how連用)comeon 快點(diǎn)兒；加油；得了吧comeup 上升；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生comeout 出來(lái)；出版；為人所知cometo 共計(jì)；達(dá)到；醒悟?Icameacrossthehumorousproducerinthestreetyesterday.我昨天在街上偶然遇到那位幽默的制片人。?Howdiditcomeaboutthathetreatedthepersonwithdisabilityinthatway?他怎么那樣對(duì)待那個(gè)殘疾人呢？?Diverseversionsofthedevicewillcomeoutsoon.該設(shè)備的不同版本將很快推出。?Aftermanytalkstheycametoacommercialagreement.經(jīng)過(guò)多次會(huì)談，他們達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)商業(yè)協(xié)議。[易混辨析]comeup被提出comeupwith...提出如：①Theofficercameupwithanewideaatthemeeting.在會(huì)上，那位警官提出一個(gè)新的想法。②Anewideacameuptomymindatthemeeting.在會(huì)上，我想到一個(gè)新方法。[即學(xué)即練]用v.＋up＋with短語(yǔ)填空①M(fèi)anypeople,especiallytheelderly,cannot________________thedevelopmentoftechnology.②Althoughagainstmyopinion,theoldprofessordidn't________________hisown.③Ican________________thehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean.④Thankstohishelp,thelaststudentfinally________________hisclassmates.⑤Ifyouworkincampsandhelporganisesportsactivities,youcould________________aqualification(資格)asaninstructor.4.adapttosth.適應(yīng)某事(教材P106)Weallneedtokeepdevelopingandadaptingtoachangingworld,don'twe?我們都須要不斷發(fā)展，適應(yīng)不斷變更的世界，不是嗎？?Adolescentstendtoadapttothestudyatmosphereandcircumstancequickly.青少年往往能快速適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)氛圍和環(huán)境。?Someanimalshavearemarkableabilitytoadapttochangingenvironments.有些動(dòng)物適應(yīng)環(huán)境的實(shí)力很強(qiáng)。adapt...for...把……改編成……beadaptedfrom改編自……?Heismotivatedbyhisteachertoadaptanovelforamovie.老師激勵(lì)他把小說(shuō)改編成電影。?ThistextisadaptedfromastoryinChineseLiterature.這篇文本是依據(jù)《中國(guó)文學(xué)》上的一篇故事改編的。[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]apt適當(dāng)?shù)摹鷄dapt[根義](使)適合[多義]eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①（使）適應(yīng),②改編，改寫(xiě)))opt選擇→adopt[根義]選取→[多義]eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①實(shí)行，接受,②收養(yǎng)；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)))Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths,theorphancametoadapttohisnewlife.那對(duì)年輕夫婦沒(méi)有自己的孩子，收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)孤兒。幾個(gè)月后，這個(gè)孤兒漸漸適應(yīng)了他的新生活。[詞語(yǔ)積累]adaptationn．適應(yīng)；改編；改寫(xiě)本adaptableadj.可適應(yīng)的；可改編的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theculturemadeithardforhimtoadapt________thenewenvironmentabroad.②Thisfilmisadapted________MoYan'snovel,RedSorghum.③Hisnovelhasbeenadapted________TVseries.④Whatthelibrarianrecommendedhimtoreadwasan________(adapt)ofASurroundedCity.辨析填空：adapt,adopt⑤Theyhavenochildrenoftheirown,sothey'rehopingto________．⑥Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey________veryeasilytonewenvironments.⑦Thecompanydeterminedto________morenovelmethodstomotivatemoreyoungpeopletoworkforthem.⑧Theradioplaywas________fromanovel,whichattractedgreatattention.完成句子⑨Thismachinehas____________________(被改裝為)usingunderwater.⑩I'mnotquitemyselfnow.Inotherwords,I________________________(還沒(méi)適應(yīng))theclimatehere.5.ratherthan而不是(有時(shí)相當(dāng)于介詞)(教材P12)Weneedtheabilitytoconsiderandevaluateinformationratherthanjustlearnandrememberit.我們須要思索和評(píng)價(jià)信息的實(shí)力，而不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的信息。ratherthan用于連接兩個(gè)并列成分。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞、分句、不定式、動(dòng)詞等。(1)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一樣。Thefatherratherthanthechildrenisresponsible.應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)的是父親而不是孩子們。(2)ratherthan后接不定式時(shí)，不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to。但ratherthan位于句首時(shí)，則只能接不帶to的不定式。Ratherthangotherebyair,I'dtaketheslowesttrain.我寧可乘最慢的火車(chē)也不愿坐飛機(jī)去那里。?Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.顧客認(rèn)為一個(gè)深色的蛋糕在黑色的盤(pán)子上，比在白色的盤(pán)子上端上來(lái)時(shí)更甜、更可口。(連接兩個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ))?Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.當(dāng)古典音樂(lè)而不是流行音樂(lè)在播放時(shí)，就餐者消費(fèi)的更多。(連接兩個(gè)形容詞)?WepersuadedAnnetogobytrainratherthanbyplane.我們勸服了安妮放棄乘飛機(jī)而是坐火車(chē)去。(連接兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ))[學(xué)問(wèn)鏈接]“寧愿做……而不愿做……”多種表達(dá)prefertodo...ratherthando...woulddo...ratherthando...wouldratherdo...thando...這個(gè)男孩寧愿把玩具拆開(kāi)也不愿扔掉。Theboypreferstotakethetoyapartratherthanthrowitaway.＝Theboywouldtakethetoyapartratherthanthrowitaway.＝Theboywouldrathertakethetoyapartthanthrowitaway.[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)ywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthan________(provide)amobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.②Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthan________(run)awayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.③Iratherthanyou________(be)toblameforthemistake.6.berelatedto與……有關(guān)系/有關(guān)聯(lián)(教材P13)MrMcDougallsaysthere'llbenewjobsrelatedtoinformationtechnology,bio-technologyandgreentechnology.麥克杜格爾先生說(shuō)，將會(huì)有與信息技術(shù)、生物技術(shù)和綠色技術(shù)相關(guān)的工作。beclosely/stronglyrelatedto與……有親密關(guān)系bedirectlyrelatedto與……有干脆關(guān)系?Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.這一點(diǎn)特別重要，因?yàn)樗c你的投入干脆相關(guān)。?Thisproblemiscloselyrelatedtothatone.這個(gè)問(wèn)題與那個(gè)問(wèn)題親密相關(guān)。[易錯(cuò)警示]relatedto...常在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于which/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。如：Thereisaquestioncloselyrelatedtothisoneforustoanswer.＝Thereisaquestionwhich/thatiscloselyrelatedtothisoneforustoanswer.有一個(gè)與這個(gè)問(wèn)題緊密相關(guān)的問(wèn)題須要我們來(lái)回答。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]relateto涉及；與……相關(guān)relateAtoB把A與B聯(lián)系起來(lái)inrelationto關(guān)于；與……相比Thisreporttriestorelatementalhealthtophysicalhealth.這份報(bào)告試圖把心理健康和身體健康聯(lián)系起來(lái)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Fortherisk-seekers，apartofthebrain________(relate)topleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrain________(relate)tofearbecomesactive.完成句子②______________________(和……相比)Beijing,ShanghaiismorelikeHongKong.③I'dliketopointoutsomeproblems________________________(關(guān)于)yoursuggestion.7.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難(教材P105)．..andIamhavingdifficultychoosingauniversitycoursethatwillleadtoagoodjobinthefuture.……并且我在選擇將來(lái)能使我得到一份好工作的高校課程上遇到了困難。(1)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難，in可以省略，difficulty是不行數(shù)名詞，該短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于havedifficultywithsth.。(2)havetroubleeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(（in）doingsth.,withsth.))(3)haveproblemseq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(indoingsth.,withsth.))Heishavingtrouble(in)gettinghismessageacrosstothevoters.他難以向選民傳達(dá)自己的意思。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Doyouhaveanydifficulty________yourEnglish?②Ihavenoproblems________mymathematics.③Ihavesometrouble________learningphysics.④Suchapersonhasgreatdifficultyin________(wake)upinthemornings.⑤Homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficulty________(find)ajobbecausetheyhavenohomeaddresses.8.beintouch(with)(與……)保持聯(lián)系(教材P106)．..theycanworkfromanywhereandbeintouchwithpeopleallovertheworld.他們可以在任何地方工作并且與世界各地的人們保持聯(lián)系。keepintouchwith 與……保持聯(lián)系stayintouch(with) (與……)保持聯(lián)系beoutoftouch(with) (與……)失去聯(lián)系getintouch(with) (與……)取得聯(lián)系losetouch(with) (與……)失去聯(lián)系?Keepintouchwithfriends.與摯友們保持聯(lián)系。?IregretdeeplythatIhavelosttouchwiththoseclients.我特別懊悔和那些客戶(hù)失去了聯(lián)系。[易錯(cuò)警示]stay/keep/beintouch(with),beoutoftouch(with)表示狀態(tài)，可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用；而getintouch(with),losetouch(with)表示動(dòng)作，不行與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①兩周前，我的兒子本(和我)取得了聯(lián)系。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,had________________________．②我們大約有兩年沒(méi)有和他們聯(lián)系了。We____________________________themforabouttwoyears.③—Whendidyou________________________(與……取得聯(lián)系)her?—I________________________(與……聯(lián)系)her5years________，andwe________________________witheachotherfor5years.9.sumup概括；合計(jì)(教材P106)Tosumitup,Isupposeyoucouldsay...總而言之，我想你可以說(shuō)……。(1)合計(jì)，總計(jì)?Yourmarkssumupto87.你的分?jǐn)?shù)總計(jì)為87分。(2)總結(jié)；概括?Attheendofthemeeting,thechairmansummeduptheopinionsofthemembers.會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)，主席總結(jié)了會(huì)員們的看法。(3)推斷；估量?Adifficultfellowtosumup—Youneverknowwhathe'sthinking.一個(gè)難以捉摸的人——誰(shuí)也搞不清他在想什么。tosumup總之a(chǎn)sumof很多，大量eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(largesumsofmoney,alargesumofmoney))一大筆錢(qián)thesumof...……的數(shù)目；……的總和insum(＝inshort,inbrief,inaword)總之?Tosumup,therearethreemainwaysoftacklingtheproblem.概括起來(lái)說(shuō)，這一問(wèn)題主要有三種解決方法。?HewillopenthedebateandIwillsumup.他將第一個(gè)起先辯論，而我將總結(jié)。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Attheendoftheclass,theteacher______________________(總結(jié)/概括)themainpoints.②______________________(總之),wemustproducethebestproductsforcustomers.③他因?yàn)檫`反交通規(guī)則被交管部門(mén)罰了一筆錢(qián)，這筆錢(qián)的數(shù)目達(dá)到了1000美元。Hehasbeenfined________________moneybytrafficadministrationforbreakingthetrafficrulesand____________________itcomesto$1，000.④________________(總和)offiveandthreeiseight.?第三版塊：典型句式Therebe＋主語(yǔ)＋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(教材P106)Thereisagreatchangegoingonintheworld.世界正在發(fā)生巨大的變更。[句式分析]本句是簡(jiǎn)潔句，goingonintheworld是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾change。其中，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的主語(yǔ)。詳細(xì)形式：(1)Therebe＋主語(yǔ)＋doing...表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行?Therearestillsomepeoplesufferingfromdisabilityandtheyneedourhelp.還有一些人患有殘疾，他們須要我們的幫助。(2)Therebe＋主語(yǔ)＋done...表示被動(dòng)或完成?Therewerethreestudents,includingme,motivatedbyourprofessortoparticipateintheproject.包括我在內(nèi)的三名學(xué)生在我們教授的激勵(lì)下參加了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。(3)Therebe＋主語(yǔ)＋todo...表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生?Therewillbesomeproblemstodiscussattheconference.會(huì)議上將有一些問(wèn)題要探討。[誤區(qū)警示]當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與其后的不定式是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)式和被動(dòng)式均可，有些沒(méi)有意義上的區(qū)分，有些則有區(qū)分。Thereisnotimetolose/tobelost．時(shí)間不容耽擱。Thereisnothingtosee．沒(méi)有什么東西值得看。Thereisnothingtobeseen．看不見(jiàn)什么東西。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)n1812,therewere66novels________(publish)inBritain.②Yetthereisevidence________(suggest)thatthetrendisgrowing.③Thebossannouncesthattherearestillsomeemployees________(deserve)theprize.④Therearestillmanyproblems________(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.完成句子⑤Therearesomecitizens__________________________(站在畫(huà)廊前).⑥Thereisaredcar________________________(停在房子外面).⑦_(dá)___________________________(無(wú)事可做)andhejustsitsthereabsent-minded.Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Wehadtoofferourhouseasa________(擔(dān)保)whengettingthecredit.2．Areliableemployeeneedsgoodcommunicationskills,highly________(主動(dòng)的)andindividualworkability.3．Thereportsuggestedthatthesame________(趨勢(shì))wasatworkineconomy.4．Theeconomicquestionisnotentirelyseparablefromthe________(財(cái)政的)one.5．Alargevocabularyandanintelligentmindwillhelpmuchwhenyoudothereading________(理解).Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空l(shuí)eadto,beappliedto,comeupwith,getintouchwith,sumup1．Toourjoy,theyoungengineer______________abrilliantdesign.2．Marketing________________everythingthesedays,andmanagementisnoexception.3．Hepromisedto________________usassoonashefoundareliablepartner.4．Logically,theywantto________________theirpastexperiencebeforegoingon.5．Itisbelievedthatpartnershipswithcreativepeoplecould________________financialgains.Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveled________theevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem.2．Iprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepup________himfortherestofmyhighschoolcareer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.3．Theyhaveverydifferent________(motivation)forcreatingthework.4．PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedto________(live)athighaltitudes.5．And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld'sforemostAIresearchers,Ibelievethereisgoodreason________(doubt)thatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever.6．Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanlead________bigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.7．Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajor________(trend)atthattime.8．ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeup________alow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.9．Creativityisthemostimportantqualitytokeepstudentsinterestedand________(motivate).10．OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindof________(adapt)—nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Ⅳ.漢譯英(用括號(hào)內(nèi)的短語(yǔ))1．早晨朗讀英文會(huì)給你帶來(lái)很多好處，值得推廣。(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ))________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．發(fā)送消息后，我們必需確保消息最終被傳遞給內(nèi)部應(yīng)用程序。(guaranteethat)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．剛上中學(xué)時(shí)，我英語(yǔ)學(xué)得很吃力，尤其是閱讀理解。(havedifficultyindoing...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．聰慧人具有豐富的學(xué)問(wèn)和運(yùn)用好這些學(xué)問(wèn)的實(shí)力。(不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．我們的財(cái)政收入是五年前的兩倍。(賓語(yǔ)從句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartCLesson2CareerSkills雙基夯實(shí)·課前排查Ⅰ.1．趨勢(shì)，趨向，傾向2.可替代的，供選擇的可供選擇的事物3.擔(dān)保，保證保修單4.financial5.logical6．compre