Unit1單詞講解課件人教版英語八年級上冊

WordsandExpressionsUnit111.

anyonepron.復(fù)合不定代詞=anybody①常用于疑問句和否定句中，意為“某人”，代替someone/somebodye.g.Ididn'tseeanyoneinthetheater.Doesanyoneliveonthisisland?Hetoldhernottotellanyone.②用于肯定句中，意為“任何人；無論誰，隨便哪個人”e.g.Anyone

withfevermustbe

completely

separatedfromothersassoonaspossible.※辨析anyone與anyoneanyone僅指人；其后不能接表示范圍的of短語e.g.Doesanyonewantadrink?

anyone既可指人，也可指物；其后可接表示范圍的of短語。e.g.-Whichpenwouldyoulike?-Anyonewilldo.2anyonee.g.Itmayhappentoanyone.anyonee.g.Idon'tknowanyoneofthem/theteachers.*本單元另外三個表示人的復(fù)合不定代詞：

everyone=everybody

意為“每人；人人；所有人”e.g.Everyoneshouldwashhisorherhandeveryday.someone=somebody

意為“某人”，通常用于肯定句中。e.g.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.MaybeitisBill.noone=nobody

意為“沒有人”=not...anyone/anybodye.g.Nooneknowswhatwillhappennext.3※復(fù)合不定代詞someone/somebody,

anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody和noone/nobody作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；被形容詞等定語修飾時，定語要后置。e.g.Therewasn'tanyone

elseonthislonelyisland.荒涼的

-Isthereanyone

elseintheclassroom?-It'sempty.Everyone

is

listeningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.

Everyone

hastherighttoliveinhisownway.每個人都有權(quán)按自己的方式生活。

42.

anywhere

①adv.復(fù)合不定副詞

A.常用于疑問句和否定句中，意為“在某處，到某處”，代替somewhere。e.g.Didyougoanywhere

interestingduringyoursummervacation?

Icannotfindmypenanywhere.=Icanfindmypennowhere.B.用于肯定句中，意為“在任何地方；無論何處；隨便那個地方”e.g.Peoplecansendtheelectronicredpacket

anywhere

atanytime.②pron.

任何地方復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；被形容詞等定語修飾時，定語要后置。e.g.Anywhere

isOK.＊含-where的其他復(fù)合不定副詞

somewhere在某處常用于肯定句5everywhere到處；各個地方相當(dāng)于hereandthere,可用于各種句式中。nowhere無處；哪里都不相當(dāng)于not...anywheree.g.Theoldmanwantstomovesomewhere

quiet.It'sluckywebookedaroom;otherwisewewillhavenowheretostaynow/willnothaveanywheretostay.3.

wonderful

adj.

精彩的；絕妙的wonder

(n.

驚嘆；驚奇)+

-ful

(形容詞后綴)e.g.Whatawonderful4-Dfilmitis!haveawonderful/good/greattime(in)doingsth.

做某事愉快/開心*-ful用于構(gòu)成形容詞，一般加在名詞之后。care

(n.

小心)+-ful

=careful(adj.

小心的；仔細(xì)的)help

(n.

幫助)+-ful

=helpful(adj.

有幫助的)6*wonder①n.

奇跡；奇觀

[C]e.g.Doyouknowaboutthesevenwondersoftheworld?②n.驚訝；驚嘆

[U]e.g.Thechildrenwerefilledwith

wonder

atthesight.孩子們對此情景驚嘆不已。③v.

想知道；琢磨e.g.Iwonderwhoheis.4.

quiteafew

相當(dāng)多；不少=

many

修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)e.g.Quiteafewstudentstookpartinthesportsmeeting(whichis)heldinourschool.*quitealittle

相當(dāng)多；不少=

much修飾不可數(shù)名詞e.g.Wehadquitealittlebreadforbreakfast.75.

most①pron.

大多數(shù)指代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，常與of連用。若mostof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若接單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g.Mostofmyfriends/them

likepopmusic.大部分的我的朋友

Mostofthebuilding/water

isyellow/clean.這座樓/水的大部分②adj.(數(shù)量上)最多，最大many和much的最高級，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。e.g.Whodoyouthinkwillgetthemostvotes?

插入語

Linglinggetsthemostmoneyofthethree.③adj.

大多數(shù)，大部分后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞e.g.MostChinesethinkthecolorredisthesymbolofgoodluck.

8④adv.最修飾動詞或用于構(gòu)成多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞的最高級e.g.JiaoziiswhatImissmostwhenIamabroad.Moneyisthemostimportantthinginlife.Fishingisoneofthemostpopularactivitiesamongthemiddle-agedpeople.⑤adv.最多e.g.ThefoodIeatmostispasta.6.

something

pron.

某事；某物復(fù)合不定代詞常用于肯定句中作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g.Linda,Iwanttotellyousomethingabouttheschooltrip.

Something

iswrongwithmynewcomputer.Ihavesomethingmoretotellyouabouttheplanfortomorrow.9*含-thing的其他復(fù)合不定代詞：anything意為“某事；某物”，常用于否定句或疑問句中。e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?意為“任何事；任何物”，用于肯定句中。e.g.Youcandoanythingyoulike.nothing意為“沒有什么；沒有一件東西”。=not...anythinge.g.Thereisnothinginthefridge.everything意為“所有事物；一切”。e.g.Everyhtinggoeswell.10e.g.Thereissomethingunderthetable.Idon'tknowanyhtingaboutit.=Iknownothingaboutit.Didshetellyouanyhting

interesting?Idecidedtotellhereverything.※當(dāng)something，anyhting，everything和nothing作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式；被形容詞等定語修飾時，定語后置。e.g.Thereis

something

newonthefirstpage.Don'tworryaboutme.Everythinghereisfine.Let'sdosomething

excitingafterfinishingthisterm.HowaboutgoingtoShanghaiDisneyland?※在表示請求、建議或期望得到肯定回答的疑問句中，常用something,

而不用anything。e.g.-Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?-Yes,somebread.

117.

Ofcourse!當(dāng)然！=

Sure!/Certainly!常用作肯定答語e.g.-Canyouhelpmetorepairmycomputer?-Ofcourse!-Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus?-Ofcourse!*Ofcoursenot!

當(dāng)然不!；不介意，不反對e.g.-It'scoldoutside.Do/Wouldyoumindclosingthewindow?

-Ofcoursenot!Iwilldoit

atonce.

-Wouldyoumindhandingmeapairofservingchopsticks?

-Ofcoursenot!Hereyouare.128.

myself

pron.

我自己；我本人反身代詞my+self[self意為“自己”，加在人稱代詞賓格后(第三人稱)或形容詞性物主代詞后(第一/二人稱)構(gòu)成反身代詞。表示復(fù)數(shù)用selves。]e.g.Icanlookafter

myself.

BecauseoftheoutbreakoftheCOVID-19,IhavetoteachmyselfEnglish

online.*反身代詞：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves13①反身代詞多用于動詞或介詞后作賓語，表示“某人自己”。(all)byoneself

某人獨自，單獨foroneself

親自teachoneself

(sth./todosth.)

=

learn(sth./todosth.)byoneself

自學(xué)saytooneself

自言自語dressoneself

自己穿衣服helponeself(tosth.)

自助(取食物等)hurtoneself

受傷e.g.Helearnedtorideabicycle

byhimself.

Itaughtmyselftoswim.②反身代詞應(yīng)與它所指代的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。e.g.Petershouldbeashamedof

himself.為感到羞恥149.seem(tobe)+n./adj.

似乎;好像用于說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)，seem是連系動詞，意為“好像，似乎，看來”。e.g.Tomseems(tobe)acleverboy/veryhappy.

Computersandrocketsalsoseemed

impossible100yearsago.①seemlike+n.似乎;好像e.g.Itseemslikeagoodidea.②seemtodosth.

似乎做某事；好像做某事e.g.Theyoungmandoesn'tseemtocatchthebus.③Itseems/seemed+that從句看起來好像/似乎=

seemtodosth.e.g.Itseemsthatnooneknowsthenews.=Noone

seemsto

knowthenews.

1510.bored

adj.

厭倦的；煩悶的be/feel/getbored感到厭煩

be/feel/getboredwith.../todosth.

對(做)感到厭煩=

betiredof...e.g.SomeyoungChineseare/feel/getboredwithsomeshortvideos.Shefeelsboredtodotheboringwork.※辨析bored和boringbored厭倦的；煩悶的常作表語，用來描述人的感受。boring沒趣的；令人厭倦(或厭煩)的可作表語或定語，常用來描述事物。e.g.Doingtheboringhouseworkmakesmebored.Inthefuture,robotswilldoboringjobsinplaceofpeopleinordernottogetusbored.代替16*在英語中，以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞通常用來描述人，以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞通常用來描述事物。beinterestedin...

(人)對感興趣interesting

adj.

(人/物)有趣的berelaxedabout...

(人)對...感到放松relaxing

adj.

(物)令人放松的beexcitedabout...

(人)對感到激動/興奮exciting

adj.

(物)令人激動/興奮的

beworriedabout...

(人)對感到擔(dān)憂/焦慮worrying

adj.

(物)令人擔(dān)憂的besurprisedat...

(人)對感到驚訝/驚奇surpring

adj.

(物)令人好奇/驚奇/驚訝的11.

diary

n.

日記；記事簿keepadiary

記日記

1712.enjoyable

adj.

有樂趣的；令人愉快的enjoy(v.

享受)+-able(形容詞后綴)e.g.Skippingisanenjoyableexerciseform.跳繩是一種有趣的鍛煉方式。

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.n.

預(yù)備；準(zhǔn)備

同位語*enjoy

v.

享受；喜愛enjoysth./doingsth.

喜歡某物；喜歡做某事enjoyoneself玩得高興；過得愉快e.g.Lucyenjoysdancingtomusic.WeenjoyedourselvesattheEnglishpartylastweekend.*enjoyment

n.

樂趣；樂事

enjoyably

adv.

令人愉快地

1813.decide

v.

決定；選定decide(not)todosth.

決定(不)去做某事decide+“特殊疑問詞+不定式”decide+賓語從句e.g.BecauseoftheCOVID-19,theteachersdecidedtoteachEnglishonlineonweekdays.Mr.Chouisgoodatcooking,andhedecidestoopen

hisownrestaurant.Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.Ican'tdecidewhereIshouldgo.

*decision

n.

決定；抉擇makeadecision(todosth./onsth.)=decidetodosth./onsth.做決定e.g.Imadeadecision/decidedtoreadEnglisheveryday.

1914.try①vt.

嘗試；設(shè)法；努力trytodosth.

盡力做某事指努力去做trydoingsth.嘗試做某事含有看看某種方法是否能成功的意思，不一定付出努力tryone'sbesttodosth.

竭盡全力做某事=takeeveryefforttodosth.trysth.on

試穿e.g.Hetriedhisfortuneinanothercity.Thefoodisverydeliciousinthatrestaurant.Wecouldgoandtryit.Theyaretryingtosolvethisproblem.Tomistryingworkingoutthismathprobleminthisway.Youshouldtryyourbesttomakeprogress.

Trythisdresson,itwillfityouwell.

20②n.

嘗試

[C]haveatry

試一試e.g.Shedidn'tmanageto

breaktherecord,butitwasagoodtry.That'snotdifficult.Youcanhaveatry.15.paragliding

n.

滑翔傘運動e.g.Adventuroustravellerscangoheli-skiing,paraglidingandbungeejumping.喜歡冒險的旅行者可以去直升機滑雪、傘翼滑翔和蹦極。*以-ing結(jié)尾的文體運動類名詞：singingdancingdrawingswimmingskating

滑冰skiing

滑雪highjumping

跳高bungeejumping

蹦極rockclimbing攀巖mountaincliming

登山skateboarding

滑板運動

2116.feellike

①給的感覺；感受到feellikesth./doingsth.

感覺像(在做)

feellikethat+賓語從句感覺像

e.g.Ifeellikeafish(swimming)

inthesea.The3-Dfilmcanmakeyoufeellikebeing

intherealsituation.

處于一種真實的環(huán)境中Hefeltlikethathelostthewholeworld.②想要feellikesth./doingsth.=

wouldlikesth./todosth.=wantsth./todosth.想要某物/做某事e.g.Doyoufeellikeanotherdrink?It'srainingoutside.Idon'tfeellikegoingout.

2217.wonder

①v.

想知道

=wanttoknowwonder+賓語從句想知道

賓語從句要用陳述語序e.g.Roseiswonderingwhodidthewashing.Hewonderedif/whethertheirfriendshipwouldcontinue.②n.[C]奇跡；奇觀e.g.TheGreatWallisoneofthesevenwondersaroundtheworld.③n.[U]驚訝；驚奇e.g.Iwaslisteningtohisstorywithwonder.吃驚地*wonderful

adj.

精彩的；絕妙的

2318.

difference

n.

差別；差異[C]/[U]makeadifference(to...)(對)有影響；有作用e.g.Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwobooks.Thetwosweaterslookthesamebutthereisabigdifferenceinprice.Mrs.ThompsonmademefeelimportantandshowedmethatIcouldmakeadifference.有所作為Pleaselookatthesetwodifferentpictures,class,andcirclethedifferencesbetweenthem.*different

adj.

不同的；有差異的[OPP]sameadj.相同的bedifferentfrom...

與不同[OPP]

bethesameas...

與相同

differently

adv.

不同地

2419.

top

①n.

頂部[OPP]

bottom

n.

底部on/atthetop/bottomof...

在頂/底部fromthetoptothebottom

從上到下e.g.Thereisabirdonthetopofthehouse.Pleasewriteyournameatthetopofthepage.②n.

表面e.g.Canyoupolish

thetopofthetable?擦亮③adj.

(位置、級別或程度)最高的e.g.PekingUniversityisoneofthetopuniversitiesinChina.

2520.waitv.等待；等候waitforsb./sth.

等待某人/某物wait(forsb./sth.)todosth.等著(某人/某物)做某事】can'twaittodosth.

迫不及待地想做某事waitaminute/moment/second

稍等一下e.g.Wearewaitingformyfathertohavedinner.However,heiswaitingforabus.Ican'twaittoeat.Butmymomsays,“Waitaminute.”21.becauseof

因為

because連詞，后只能接句子，表明直接、明確的原因。becauseof短語介詞，后可接n./pron./名詞性成分26e.g.Theboyisunhappybecausehehasnofriends.Iliketheboybecauseofhiskindnature.品性

Hedidn'tcometoschooltodaybecausehewasill.=Hedidn'tcometoschooltodaybecauseofhisillness.※because和so不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中。22.below①adv.

在下面；到下面e.g.Pleasereadtherulesbelow.②prep.A.(空間或方位)在下面

[OPP]aboveprep.

在上面e.g.Therestandsachairbelowthewindow.B.(數(shù)量、程度、地位等)在以下，低于

27e.g.Thetemperatureinourhomtownusuallydropsbelowzeroinwinter.※辨析below與undere.g.Hedivedbelow

thesurfaceofthewater.他潛入了水中。Hestoodunderatree.

Flyinginthesky,wecanseethefascinating(迷人的)citybelow.

現(xiàn)在分詞伴隨狀語

below表示在某物的下方，但不一定是在正下方（即可以是在正下方或非正下方)

[OPP]

aboveunder表示在某物的正下方

[OPP]

over2823.

enough①adj.

足夠的；充足的；充分的修飾名詞，放在名詞前e.g.Therewillbeenoughtimetorelaxwhenyoufinishyourwork.②adv.

足夠地；充足地；充分地用在形容詞、副詞和動詞之后e.g.Ididn'trunfastenoughtocatchthebus.DoctorsandnursesarebraveenoughtoprotectusfromCOVID-19.