閱讀理解說(shuō)明文-2025年高考英語(yǔ)大題突破訓(xùn)練（原卷版）

大題03閱讀理解說(shuō)明文

》明考情-笈方向后.

歷年考情

說(shuō)明文閱讀理解一般作為全國(guó)卷閱談理解中的CD篇，主要分為兩種類型：實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和介紹說(shuō)明型。說(shuō)

明文是對(duì)事物的形狀，性質(zhì)，特征，成果或公用等進(jìn)行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章，把我所說(shuō)明事物的特征

和本質(zhì)是理解說(shuō)明文的關(guān)鍵，說(shuō)明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定義法，解釋法，比較法，比喻法，數(shù)字

法，圖標(biāo)法，引用法和距離函等。說(shuō)明文的特點(diǎn)是客觀、簡(jiǎn)潔、準(zhǔn)確、清晰，文章很少表達(dá)作者的情感傾

向。閱讀說(shuō)明文的重點(diǎn)在于讀懂它說(shuō)明的事物或事理，了解事物的性質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)、形成原因、功能；了解事

物的意義和特征等。

命題規(guī)律

說(shuō)明文所選材料題材豐富多樣，涉及社會(huì)、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生態(tài)、安全等方面。在

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解中，說(shuō)明文所占比重尤為突出。它既要求考生能熟練運(yùn)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、理解文章語(yǔ)

句、把握語(yǔ)篇整體結(jié)構(gòu)，還要求學(xué)生有大量的閱讀積淀和知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備，熟悉不同的話題和不同的題目考查方

式。即便是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，大多數(shù)情況下考生也無(wú)法從文章中直接找到與選項(xiàng)表述完全一致的信息，而是需

要在理解文章細(xì)節(jié)信息后作出歸納和判斷。通常一套卷中主旨大意、詞義猜測(cè)、寫作意圖/觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類高難

度試題的考查數(shù)量為2道左右，說(shuō)明文考查此類題目的頻率較高，且命題點(diǎn)呈多樣化。

考向預(yù)測(cè)

預(yù)測(cè)2025年高考說(shuō)明文閱讀理解試題難度會(huì)保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，主要考查題型仍然為細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判

斷題為主，主旨大意題和詞義猜測(cè)題為輔。

短研大題-梃能力4

精底:船處螂罪懶、囑闞、蝸蛔儲(chǔ)懶懶I唬

Actor而igtoItetntwhatisthekeyfutaniL?

HondoestbeaulhordescribetheproctssoL.?

WhManbeinferredfromthetatabout.?

UlutistbtresiltoftheMperimtninKBMinParagraph3?

NMisthewtlikelyreasonfor..?

Wluchoftbtfolkmin;stitemtDtSBprobabl）mtbasedonthetal?

地睛:臉㈱胺訥容,贏住娜懶核慌崛目的.

主網(wǎng)陶嫻%?網(wǎng)梏警.八一

箱酷aa的螭觸檐的蒯雕部船義

—UlutistbenumpurposeofIheled?

觸購(gòu)：_MM（<<5ttSs%-io%）

UhtistbrtNtmainhiboat?

“MdotstheniKkrliiedwerdVreferIo?

MikhtidebestsannaruesIhepassive?

ThtphrikVinPingraph2iscl??tiimeioisgto___.

輛晾:嘛豁脆搬憫（嘲收覷）蝴嘛.

w：分赦?麗階加甜?雌硼撕”）瞬轆（蝴

mre：

取蝴.

^hlistbeantbor'sitt加dttowardsthephfoonKDondhcisstd?

Howislbetaiorjuiztd?

MHisthefactioiofP叫mph#

播典母I

【2024全國(guó)甲卷】Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshave

distinctvocals（聲音）thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.

Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversations

withhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattract

attentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoft

meows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.

Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassess

theirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplace

torelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.

Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.

That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon't

usuallylike.

Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfind

randomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat*sbeenpresentinallkindsof

predators（食肉動(dòng)物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejust

doingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!

4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats*meowingfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itsasurvivalskill.B.It'staughtbymothercats.

C.It'shardtointerpret.D.It*sgettinglouderwithage.

5.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?

A.Bylisteningforsounds.B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.

C.Bycheckingonsmells.D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.

6.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?

A.Performappropriately.B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely.D.Dobetter.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TipsonFindingaSmartCatB.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehavior

C.HaveFunwithYourCatD.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy

說(shuō)明文閱讀量大，生僻詞匯多，句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，這就需要考生有方法有技巧地去閱讀。一般我們采用i

的方法有三個(gè)：細(xì)讀、略讀和跳讀。

(1)細(xì)讀重點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)，就原文而言，就是文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容和態(tài)度；就答題而言，就

是問(wèn)題所對(duì)應(yīng)的題源句。以這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量，需要重點(diǎn)閱讀的原文詞句就不會(huì)很多。

宏觀方面：文章結(jié)構(gòu)；文章主題句；各段首末句；體現(xiàn)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句。

微觀方面：有轉(zhuǎn)折處；重要標(biāo)點(diǎn)；句子主干。

(2)有選擇地略讀或跳讀。在快速瀏覽了題干，初步把握了文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，可大膽進(jìn)行略讀：

或跳讀，這樣不但可以加快閱讀速度，還更容易總體把握全文。在閱讀中可略讀或跳讀的內(nèi)容包括：

①繁瑣的例證。為了說(shuō)明問(wèn)題，作者可能會(huì)借用形象的例子，有時(shí)候會(huì)比較繁瑣，雖能說(shuō)明問(wèn)題，但需1

要讀者花很多時(shí)間去閱讀。如果例子所說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題不明了，可通過(guò)略讀來(lái)理解；若例子所說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題比較；

明了，則例子部分可一帶而過(guò)。

②并列多項(xiàng)列舉。有時(shí)許多功能相同的項(xiàng)目并列列舉，那么只讀其中一兩項(xiàng)即可，無(wú)需；

全讀。

③無(wú)關(guān)大局的生僻詞匯。閱讀中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到一些生詞，如果這些生詞對(duì)理解全文沒(méi)有影響或影響不大就1

可略過(guò)。

?較長(zhǎng)的人名、地名。有許多較長(zhǎng)的表示人名、地名等的專有名詞，閱讀時(shí)可一掃而過(guò)或干脆用其首字：

母代替，不必試圖把整個(gè)專有名詞讀出來(lái)。

在略讀過(guò)程中，要特別注意對(duì)解題有重要意義的詞、句、段等，并將其儲(chǔ)存在大腦里，以免回頭再查1

看費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力。

肉眼醞a

[2025屆河北省石家莊市第一中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期一模】Envisionafuturisticrooftopgardensoastutethatit

iscapableofdiscerningtheoptimalmomentstohoardwaterinanticipationofaridconditions,andwhentoexpel

watertoavertinundation.Now,suchintelligentroofsaretransitioningfromtherealmoffantasytorealityinthe

Netherlands.

Withasubstantialportionofthenationsituatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshaslongbeenacquainted

withtheperilsofflooding.Theadventofclimatechangehasusheredinaneraofmoreextrememeteorological

phenomena,includingtorrentialdownpoursandperiodsofdrought,compellingthecityofAmsterdamto

contemplatenovelstrategiesforself-preservation,anditiswithinthiscontextthatResilioemergesasapivotal

player.

Aspertheassertionsontheirofficialwebsite,Resilioisengagedintheconstructionofblue-greenroofs

acrosstheexpanseofAmsterdam.Inconjunctionwiththelocalgovernmentalauthorities,fromtheyears2018

throughto2022,theyhaveinstalledspecializedroofingsystemsintheneighborhoodsofAmsterdamthataremost

vulnerabletotheravagesofflooddamage.

Theseroofsarecomposedofamultitudeofstrata.Paramountamongtheselayersisthewaterretentionlayer.

Duringepisodesofcopiousrainfall,thislayerservestoaccumulatetherainwaterthatwouldotherwiseinundatethe

streets,andintimesofdrought,itchannelsitsstoredwatertonourishthegardensituatedontheuppermostlayer.It

isthisparticularlayerthatdistinguishestheblue-greenroofsfromtheirconventionalgreencounterparts.Research

indicatesthatblue-greenroofspossessthecapacitytocaptureasmuchas97%ofextremerainfall,instarkcontrast

tothemere12%thatregulargreenroofscanretain.

However,whattrulysetsResilioroofsapartistheirsophisticatedsystems.Anarrayofblue-greenroofsare

interconnectedviaadigitalcommunicationnetwork,therebyenablingeachrooftobemanipulatedindependently,

respondingtothevolumeofwateramassedonthatspecificroofasthesituationdemands.Eachroofisalso

equippedwithavalvethatislinkedtoacomputerizedsystemknownastheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).The

DSSinterfaceswithlocalweatherprognosticationstodeterminewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldbe

opened,allowingwatertobedischargedinacontrolledandgradualmannerintotheseweragesystem,orwhetherit

shouldremainsealedtocollecttheimpendingrain.

TheseinnovationsarethehallmarksthatrenderResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Blue-greenroofsexemplifythat

theremediestothehazardsposedbyclimatechangenecessitateablendofcreativityandamultifacetedapproach,

operatingonvariouslevelstomitigatetheadverseeffectsofourchangingenvironment.

8.WhatmaydirectlyleadtothebuildingofResilioroofsinAmsterdam?

A.Theincreasingdisasters.B.Thecity'sfinancialsuffering.

C.Theever-risingsealevel.D.Thecity'sgeographicadvantage.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutthewaterretentionlayerofResilioroofs?

A.Theyareslowtodrought.B.Theyareabsolutelyperfect.

C.Theyserveadoublepurpose.D.Theycantrapsolarenergy.

10.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheDSSaccordingtothetext?

A.Tocollectweatherinformation.B.Tocontroltheuseofthevalve.

C.Tohelpthesewersystemwork.D.Toconnectthedigitalnetwork.

11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.SmartroofsystemsbecomingarealityinAuckland

B.Resilioblue-greenroofsystemspreventingdisasters

C.Theworkingprincipleoftheblue-greenroofsystems

D.ThedifferencesbetweenResilioroofsandregulargreenroofs

、刷大題-拿高分4?

Passage(1)

[2025屆河南省鄭州市中原區(qū)鄭州中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期12月模擬預(yù)測(cè)】Sadfishing,whichresearchers

definedintheJournalofAmericanCollegeHealthin2021,referstothetrendofexaggeratingpersonalstruggles

onlinetogeneratesympathy.Itcouldbeintheformofasadphoto,anominousquote,orapostwithafoggy

meaning.

Weallmaybeguiltyofpostingsomethingweakandemotionalonsocialmediafromtimetotime,which

isn'tabadthing.Butpostingrepeatedlycouldbeasignofalargermentalhealthissueinteensoracryforhelp.

JournalistRebeccaReidcoinedthetermin2019afteraquestionableInstagrampostbyKendallJenner.In

thepost,Jennerdescribeda“painfillstruggle^^withacneandreceivedalargeamountofsympatheticresponses

fromherfollowers.However,itwaslaterrevealedthatherpostwasjustacomplicatedmarketingplotforher

skincarepartnershipwithProactiv,andReidlabeledherbehaviorassadfishing.

Expertssaysadfishingislikelyduetothefactthatachildorteenisstrugglingwithsomethingandwantsto

letothersknow.Inthesecases,theyoftendon'tfeeltheyhaveapersontheyfeelcomfortablewithtosharetheir

struggleswithsotheyturntothesocialmediaworld.A2023studyfoundthatteenswhoparticipatedinsadfishing

exhibitedsignsofanxietyanddepression,whilelowsocialsupportwasalargecontributingfactor.Researchersalso

foundthatboysreported"highersadfishingtendencies^^thangirlsatage12,butthetrenddecreasedastheygot

older.Forgirls,thetrendincreasedwithage.

Researchersfoundthat,inmostcases,responsestosadfishingpostswerepositiveandhelpful.Butinsome

cases,therewerenegativeresponseswhichcouldleadtoincreasedstressoranxiety.4UWhenasocialmediapostis

unsuccessfulinseekingsympatheticresponses,itcanalsocausethepersonpostingittobemocked；'Dr.

Nissim-Matheiswarns."Especiallyifthepostisauthentic.^^Andwhileanyresponseissupportiveforachild/teen

whofeelsunseenandunheard,itmayopenthemuptoprivacyviolationsandviolentbehavior.

28.Whafstheintentionofasocialmediauser'ssadfishing?

A.Toshareanopinion.B.Todemonstrateonlineskills.

C.Tomakeacomplaint.D.Tosatisfyanemotionalneed.

29.WhatcanweinferaboutJenner'sInstagramfollowers?

A.Theyhadlittleknowledgeofacne.

B.TheyhadtrustinProactiveproducts.

C.TheywereprobablymisledbyJenner'sstory.

D.Theywereencouragedbyonlineinformation.

30.Whatdoweknowaboutteenagers5sadfishingtrends?

A.Theypeakatage12forboys.B.Theydeclineafterage12forgirls.

C.Theygenerallydecreaseasoneages.D.Theydisappearbeforeone'sadulthood.

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mocked“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Calledon.B.Laughedat.C.Promoted.D.Supported.

Passage(2)

[2025屆黑龍江省“六校聯(lián)盟”高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合適應(yīng)性考試】EngineersatPrincetonUniversityhave

measuredthecoolingbenefitsofasimplesolutionforbeatingurbanheat:reflectingsunlightbackfromwhereit

camebyequippingbuildingwallsandroadwaysinurbancenterswithretroreflective(反光的)materials.

“Withclimatechangeandtheincreasingfrequencyandpersistenceofextremeheatevents,morepeoplein

theU.S.diefromextremeheatthanfromanyotherweather-relateddisaster-heatkillsmorethantornadoes,

tsunamis,andhurricanescombined,saidElieBou-Zeid,professorofcivilandenvironmentalengineering.

Severaltechnologieshavebeenraisedtofightagainsttheissueofurbanoverheating,includingcool

pavementsandroofcoatings.However,whensunlighthitsthesecoolingtechnologies,itcanbekickedbackinany

numberofdirectionsinsteadofinonefocuseddirection,whichmeansthathighlyreflectivematerialscouldhavean

oppositeresultifappliedbecausesunlightcouldbereflectedontotheground,walls,andeventhepassers-by.

""Actually,retroreflectivematerialsarealreadyusedintransportation,wheretheyarecommonlyfoundin

roadsignsandpainttoimprovenighttimevisibility,butanimportantquestionishowefficientwecanmakethem

andwhetherwecanengineerthemtohavetheperformanceswewant,“saidJyotirmoyMandal,assistantprofessor

ofcivilandenvironmentalengineering.

Unlikecommonhighlyreflectivematerials,retroreflectorscanreflectincomingsunlightwithlimited

scattering（散射）.Consequently,mostsunlighthittingaretroreflectoronabuildingwallorcitystreetwouldbe

directedbackinthesamedirectionitcamefrom-andoutoftheurbancanyon.Inthisway,theretroreflectorscan

releasethesunlightthatwouldotherwisebestuckintheurbancanyonandexacerbatetheurbanoverheating

problem.

Ultimately,theywanttocreateasetofguidelinesforpolicymakers,planners,andmaterialsengineers.If

you'reanurbanplanner,forexample,andyouknowthelatitudeofyourcity,thewidth-heightratioandthe

directionofyourstreets,youcaneasilyusetheirresultstopickthesuitablesurfacesforapplyingthese

retroreflectivematerialsandestimatethecoolingbenefitsyoumightreceiveindoingso.

8.WhatmayElieBou-Zeidwarnpeopleofinparagraph2?

A.Thefrequencyofnaturaldisasters.B.Thieurgencyofkeepingpeoplecool.

C.Theunpredictabilityofclimatechange.D.Thenecessityoftemperaturemonitoring.

9.Whatisthelimitationofcurrentcoolingtechnologies?

A.Influenceuponthecity'sappearance.B.Disturbanceoftheviewofpasses-by.

C.Productionofsomethingpoisonoustohumans.D.Inabilitytocontrolthedirectionofreflectedlight.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbate“inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Relieve.B.Cause.C.Intensify.D.Address.

11.Whatisprobablythefinalgoaloftheengineers?

A.Toincreaseurbangreenspaces.B.Topersonalizereflectivematerials.

C.Tosimplifyexistingbuildingdesigns.D.Toreducecostsofconstructionmaterials.

Passage（3）

[2025屆山東省日照市高三下學(xué)期一?！縀verytimewemakeanewvideoorsendanemail,orposta

photoofourlatestmeal,it'sliketurningonasmalllightbulb（燈泡）thaf11neverbeturnedoff.Thispointstoan

uncomfortableandextremelymodemquestion:Tohelpsavetheplanet,shouldwebeusinglessdata?Givenhow

muchofmodernlifedependsondigitaldata,theanswercouldbeakeyaspecttolivingnoblyintheAIage.

Whydopostsproducecarbonatall?WhenyousendapostonMoments,itgoesalongachainof

energy-burningelectronics.YourWi-Firoutersendsthesignalalongwirestothelocalexchange-theboxonthe

streetcorner-andfromtheretoatelecomscompany,andfromtheretohugedatacentersoperatedbythetech

giants.Eachofthoserunsonelectricity,anditalladdsup.

Today,about400millionhomesworldwidehaveatleastone“smart“device-curtains,electriccookers,

refrigerators,andpads.By2028,thatfigureisexpectedtonearlydouble.Weare,inotherwords,beingtakenintoa

worldwhereifshardertodoanythingwithoutturningonadigitallightbulb.Thisputseco-consciousconsumersin

abind.Afterall,whowouldliketobesomeonethatcan'tgettheirinformationproperlybecausethey'retoobusy

keepingthecarbonfootprintoftheirsearchesdown?

Intheabsenceofsystemicchange,worryingoverourindividualdata-usagedecisionsis"liketryingtohold

backafloodwithabucketandspade（鐵鏟）Still,there5ssomethingwecando.Whenwefaceadigitaldecision,

thelessdata-thirstyoptionwilloftenbethesmarterone.Blockingthird-partytrackingwhenwe'reontheweb,for

example,notonlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofinternetbrowsing;it'salsogoodforyourprivacy.More

fundamentally,maybewedon'tneedtoturneverythingintodata.IfIputdownmyphonethenexttimeFmona

train,itwon'tsavetheplanet.ButI'llbelookingoutthewindowwithmyowneyes,creatingamemorythat

releasesnocarbonatall.

8.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdatausage?

A.Itisenergy-consuming.

B.Itiseasyandconvenient.

C.Itsnegativeeffectsareignored.

D.Itsbenefitsareunderestimated.

9.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?

A.Toentertain.B.Toinform.

C.Topersuade.D.Toinspire.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inabind^^meaninparagraph3?

A.Atrisk.B.Ataloss.

C.Atease.D.Atadisadvantage.

11.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningcarbonreductioninthelastparagraph?

A.Theremovalofdigitaldata.

B.Thepromotionofecotourism.

C.Thevalueofpersonalcontribution.

D.Thesignificanceofsystemicchange.

Passage（4）

[2025屆山東省日照市高三下學(xué)期一1模】Everytimewemakeanewvideoorsendanemail,orposta

photoofourlatestmeal,ifsliketurningonasmalllightbulb（燈泡）that511neverbeturnedoff.Thispointstoan

uncomfortableandextremelymodemquestion:Tohelpsavetheplanet,shouldwebeusinglessdata?Givenhow

muchofmodernlifedependsondigitaldata,theanswercouldbeakeyaspecttolivingnoblyintheAIage.

Whydopostsproducecarbonatall?WhenyousendapostonMoments,itgoesalongachainof

energy-burningelectronics.YourWi-Firoutersendsthesignalalongwirestothelocalexchange-theboxonthe

streetcomer-andfromtheretoatelecomscompany,andfromtheretohugedatacentersoperatedbythetech

giants.Eachofthoserunsonelectricity,anditalladdsup.

Today,about400millionhomesworldwidehaveatleastone"smart“device——curtains,electriccookers,

refrigerators,andpads.By2028,thatfigureisexpectedtonearlydouble.Weare,inotherwords,beingtakenintoa

worldwhereit'shardertodoanythingwithoutturningonadigitallightbulb.Thisputseco-consciousconsumersin

abind.Afterall,whowouldliketobesomeonethatcan'tgettheirinformationproperlybecausethey'retoobusy

keepingthecarbonfootprintoftheirsearchesdown?

Intheabsenceofsystemicchange,worryingoverourindividualdata-usagedecisionsis"liketryingtohold

backafloodwithabucketandspade（鐵鏟）Still,there9ssomethingwecando.Whenwefaceadigitaldecision,

thelessdata-thirstyoptionwilloftenbethesmarterone.Blockingthird-partytrackingwhenwe'reontheweb,for

example,notonlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofinternetbrowsing;it'salsogoodforyourprivacy.More

fundamentally,maybewedon'tneedtoturneverythingintodata.IfIputdownmyphonethenexttimeI'mona

train,itwon'tsavetheplanet.ButI'llbelookingoutthewindowwithmyowneyes,creatingamemorythat

releasesnocarbonatall.

8.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdatausage?

A.Itisenergy-consuming.

B.Itiseasyandconvenient.

C.Itsnegativeeffectsareignored.

D.Itsbenefitsareunderestimated.

9.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?

A.Toentertain.B.Toinform.

C.Topersuade.D.Toinspire.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inabind^^meaninparagraph3?

A.Atrisk.B.Ataloss.

C.Atease.D.Atadisadvantage.

11.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningcarbonreductioninthelastparagraph?

A.Theremovalofdigitaldata.

B.Thepromotionofecotourism.

C.Thevalueofpersonalcontribution.

D.Thesignificanceofsystemicchange.

Passage(5)

【湖北省武漢市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考JWhensciencefictionandthescienceof

timemeet,theyinviteusintoadeepexplorationofthenatureoftime.Despiteitspresenceeverywhereindailylife,

timeremainsamystery,withnodefinitivedefinition.Ourconceptoftimemaybeamentalshortcut,atoolforour

limitedbrainstocomprehendchange.

TheEnglishlanguagefrequentlyemploysthenoun"time,“yetwelackasatisfactoryexplanationforit.

Concerningtime,quantum(量子)mechanicsanddailyexperiencesoftencontradicteachother,suggestingtime's

complexityandambiguousnature.Ourmentalconceptionoftimemaynevercorrespondwithitsrealityinthe

universe,butthisshouldn'tstopusfromexploringit.

Manysciencefictionquotestouchontime.RayCummings?1919novel,TheGirlintheGoldenAtom,offers

amemorablequote:t4Timeiswhatkeepseverythingfromhappeningatonce,^^implyingtime'sstructuralroleinthe

universe.BlakeCrouch?sRecursionpresentsacontrastingview:"Timeisafalseimage,aconceptmadeoutof

humanmemory.

RobertCharlesWilson'sSpinexploresvariousformsoftime,frompersonalmeasurementtocosmicscales,

emphasizingourchallengingrelationshipwithit.S.D.Unwin'sOneSecondPerSecondsuggeststimeaschaos

withinacosmicplan,withpeopleandcivilizationsasitsplaythings.RobertVS.Redick'sVanishingPoint

describestimeasatrickduetoourcomprehensionoftime'sflow.

CaptainJean-LucPicardfromStarTreksays,“Timeisacompanionwhoremindsustocherishevery

moment,9,emphasizingitsvalue.DavidBrin'sBrightnessReefdescribestimeasacrueljudge,punishingeventhe

successfulandbrilliant.StephenBaxter'sTheTimeShipscatchestime'sfrighteningnature,darkeninghuman

achievementsinthevastnessoftime.

Timetravel,amajortopicofsciencefiction,isoftendiscussed.H.G.Wells91895novelTheTimeMachine

posestheenduringquestionofwhethermovingbackwardandforwardintimeispossible.Thesequotesfrom

sciencefictionhighlightourtroubledrelationshipwithtimeandencourageustothinkmoredeeplyaboutitsreality.

8.Whatistheoveralltoneofthetext?

A.Inquiring.B.Pessimistic.C.Persuasive.D.Definitive.

9.Whatcanbelearnedabouttimefromparagraph2?

A.Timeiseasytounderstandbuthasacomplexnatureinscience.

B.Timeisacommonconceptindailylifewellcorrespondingwithscientificreality.

C.Dailyexperiencesoftengoagainstscientificunderstandingsoftime.

D.Quantumphysicshasnoimpactonourunderstandingoftime.

10.WhatdoesStephenBaxter'sTheTimeShipsemphasize?

A.Timeasacompanionwhoremindsustocherisheverymoment.

B.Theinsignificanceofhumansuccessesinthelonghistoryoftime.

C.Thepossibilitytomovebackwardandforwardintimeatwill.

D.Afalsebeliefduetoourcomprehensionoftime'sflow.

11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Thehistoryoftimeandfamousquotesinsciencefiction.

B.Thedefinitionoftimeinscientifictermsandtimetravel.

C.Therelationshipbetweentimeanddailylife.

D.Thescienceoftimeanditsexplorationinsciencefiction.

Passage（6）

【華中師范大學(xué)第一附屬中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)】Awaveofstartupssayseaweedisa

solutiontoclimatechange-abletoabsorbatmosphericcarbon,providerawmaterialsforbiofuels,andfeedthe

world-nofertilizers（化月巴），freshwater,orevenlandrequired.RunningTide,aMaine-basedcompany,isworking

onasystemthatwilleventuallysinkthebuoys（浮標(biāo)），attachedwithlonglocksofseaweed,tothedeepoceanfloor,

wherethecarbontheycontainwillremainstoredfor800yearsormore.

RunningTidewasfoundedbyMartyOdlin,anengineerandfourth-generationcommercialfisherman.The

GulfofMaineiswarmingfasterthannearlyeveryotheroceanicregion,andOdlinhasseenthechangesfirsthand.

About15yearsago,OdlinheardatalkfromKlausLackner-thephysicistwhopopularisedtheideaofremoving

carbonfromtheatmosphere.Itclicked.caItwaslike,oh,thisisrightbecausethere?snowaywe'regoingtoget

offfossil(化石的)fuelsinthenext50years,“herecallsthinking."We'regoingtohavetopullitdown.^^

Usingseaweedtodrawdowncarbonwouldbeanelegantsolution-ifitworks.Seaweedforestscollectively

coveranestimatedtwomillionsquarekilometersandabsorbasmuchcarbonastheAmazonrainforest.Butmuch

ofthatstorageisshort-lived.Whentheseaweedisharvested,eatenbyanimals,orwashesashore,itsstoredcarbon

isreleasedbackintotheatmosphere.RunningTide'smodel,intheoryatleast,wouldtakethatstoredcarbonand

sinkittotheoceanfloorwhereitwouldremainforcenturies,breakingdownslowly.

Somescientistsarecarefulabou