廣東省汕頭市潮陽(yáng)區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣東省汕頭市潮陽(yáng)區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。A篇TheAnimalEmergencyService(AES)—Jindaleewasestablishedtoensureveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)attentionisavailabletopetswhengeneralpracticesarenotopen.Thismeansweareopenallweekend,publicholidaysandovernightduringtheweek,andclosedeachweekdaymorningat8am.whenveterinarycareismorewidelyavailable.WhileyourpetisinhospitalattheAES,youcanbeassuredthatyourpetisconstantlytakencareofbyexperiencedvetsandnurses.Thereare3alternativesthatmaybeappropriate—yourvetwilladviseyouwhichoftheseismostsuitableforyourpet:1.Returninghome:Ifyourpet’sillnessorinjuryhasgottenbetter,orcanbetreatedathome,youwillberequiredtocollectyourpetbefore8am.2.Transfer(轉(zhuǎn)移)toyourregularveterinarian:Ifyourpetisstable,butstillrequiresveterinaryattention,youwillneedtotransferyourpettoyourregulargeneralpracticeveterinarian.Asmostpracticesinthisareaopenat8am,weaskthatyoubepreparedtocollectyourpetbetween7amand7:45am.3.Referral(轉(zhuǎn)診)forSpecialistCare:Ifyourpetrequirestheservicesofaspecialistveterinarian,youmaybereferredtotheVeterinarySpecialistServices(VSS).Anappointmentwiththeappropriatespecialistwillbemadeforyouassoonaspossible,soweaskthatyoubepreparedtoattendthepracticebefore8am.Ifyouareunsureofyourpet’srequirements,pleasephonetheAESbefore12am(midnight),thenightbeforeyourpetisduetobedischarged(準(zhǔn)許離開(kāi)).Inthemorning,yourpetistobedischargedfromthecareoftheAES,pleasephoneearlyinthemorning(before6:30am)tomakeanappointment.Weaimtohaveallpatientsdischargedbefore9:30am.ThankyoufortrustingthecareofyourpettotheAES,andpleasefeelwelcometophoneatanytimewhileyourpetisinhospitalwithus.1.WhatisspecialabouttheAES?A.Itisopenonallpublicholidays.B.Itclosesovernightduringtheweek.C.Itoffershomestaycareforyourpet.D.Itfeaturesone-to-onespecializedcare.2.WhenshouldyoumakeanappointmentifyourpetisreadytoleavetheAES?A.Before12am. B.Before6:30am.C.Before8am. D.Before9:30am.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertiseapetshop.B.Todiscussaheatedtopic.C.Tointroduceimportantrules.D.Toattractpetspecialists’attention.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物急救服務(wù)（AES）的運(yùn)作方式、服務(wù)內(nèi)容及寵物出院的相關(guān)規(guī)定。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheAnimalEmergencyService(AES)—Jindaleewasestablishedtoensureveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)attentionisavailabletopetswhengeneralpracticesarenotopen.Thismeansweareopenallweekend,publicholidaysandovernightduringtheweek,andclosedeachweekdaymorningat8am.whenveterinarycareismorewidelyavailable.(金達(dá)利動(dòng)物急救服務(wù)中心（AES）的成立，是為了確保在普通獸醫(yī)診所不營(yíng)業(yè)的時(shí)候，寵物仍能得到獸醫(yī)的照料。這意味著我們?cè)谡麄€(gè)周末、公共假期以及一周內(nèi)的夜間都開(kāi)放，而在每個(gè)工作日的上午8點(diǎn)，當(dāng)獸醫(yī)護(hù)理服務(wù)更為普遍可得時(shí)，我們則會(huì)關(guān)門(mén)歇業(yè))”可知，AES的特別之處在于它在所有公共假日都營(yíng)業(yè)。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Inthemorning,yourpetistobedischargedfromthecareoftheAES,pleasephoneearlyinthemorning(before6:30am)tomakeanappointment.(如果您的寵物上午要從金達(dá)利動(dòng)物急救服務(wù)中心（AES）出院，請(qǐng)?jiān)谝淮笤纾ㄔ缟?點(diǎn)30分之前）致電預(yù)約)”可知，如果您的寵物準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)AES，您應(yīng)該在早上6:30之前預(yù)約。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“TheAnimalEmergencyService(AES)—Jindaleewasestablishedtoensureveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)attentionisavailabletopetswhengeneralpracticesarenotopen.(金達(dá)利動(dòng)物急救服務(wù)中心（AES）的成立，是為了確保在普通獸醫(yī)診所不營(yíng)業(yè)的時(shí)候，寵物仍能得到獸醫(yī)的照料)”可知，文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物急救服務(wù)中心（AES）的營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間、寵物在醫(yī)院時(shí)的護(hù)理情況，以及當(dāng)寵物可以出院時(shí)的三種處理方式和相應(yīng)的時(shí)間要求，還說(shuō)明了不確定寵物需求時(shí)的處理方法和預(yù)約出院的時(shí)間等。由此推斷文章的目的是介紹重要規(guī)則。故選C。B篇IwasahighschoolEnglishteacheronRikersIslandforthreeyears.NewYorktreats16-year-oldsinthecriminaljusticesystemlikethey’readults,regardlessoftheoffense(罪行).They’reofferededucationuntiltheageof21.soIworkedwithprobably1,300youngpeople.Isawhowdestructivethesystemistoyoungpeople,andIwasinterestedindevelopinganemploymentstrategyforthosecominghome.Manyofmyhappiestmomentshavecenteredaroundfood.It’sawaytoconnect.Therewasaculinary(烹飪的)artsclassonRikerswherealotofmystudentswereexcelling,soIdecidedamobilefoodsourcewherewecouldbeoutinthecommunitywouldbeagreatwaytoraiseawarenessaboutinjusticeinsidethesystem.Ihadn’tworkedinthefoodindustryorin“re-entry”—whenaprisonerreturnstosociety.Soin2012,Ileftmyteachingjobandpursuedboth.IworkedontheKimchiTacoTruckinNewYorkCityforseven-months,theninre-entryprograms.In2013,Igotsomegreatpeoplearoundme,andweraisedmoney.Inthespringof2014,welaunchedSnowday.DriveChange,thenonprofitIstartedthatownsSnowday,runsa12-monthfellowshipforyoungpeoplecominghomefromprison.Theyworkinourkitchenandonourtruck,andtherevenue(收入)fromthetruckcyclesbackintotheorganizationtosupportourcosts.About20peopleperyearworkonourtruck.Wepayourworkers$11anhourandteachthemtransferableskillsthroughclasseslikemarketing,moneymanagement,andculinaryarts.Wehelpbuildtheirskillsets,butforsomebodytoexcelinfutureenvironmentstheyneedthatfoundationwithinthemselves.Next,we’llbeabletoworkwithmorepeoplehiredbymorefoodtrucks.Thegoalforusistohelpyoungpeoplecominghomegetintoapositionwhere,ratherthanallthestopsignsanddeadendstheygenerallyface,theyseefutureswithnewopportunities.4.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthor?A.Sheisfondofcooking.B.Sheisskillfulatwealthmanagement.C.Shefindsithardtoeducateyoungpeople.D.Shehasdevelopedthecriminaljusticesystem.5.WhatisoneoftheaimsofbuildingDriveChange?A.Toearnbigmoney.B.Tore-enterthefoodindustry.C.Tohelpfreedyouthrejointhecommunity.D.ToraisetheemploymentrateinNewYorkCity.6.WhatcanbeimpliedaboutDriveChange?A.Itisnotpractical.B.Itiswell-organized.C.Itneedsmarketingclasses.D.Itleadstheeducationalfield.7.Whatistheauthor’sfutureplan?A.Toexpandherbusiness.B.Tohiremorevolunteers.C.Toteachtheyouthhowtosavemoney.D.Tohelpyoungpeopleupgradetheirskills.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從教師轉(zhuǎn)型為社創(chuàng)企業(yè)家?guī)椭虧M釋放的年輕人的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Manyofmyhappiestmomentshavecenteredaroundfood.It’sawaytoconnect.(我的許多快樂(lè)時(shí)刻都與食物有關(guān)。這是一種聯(lián)系的方式)”可知，作者對(duì)烹飪和食物有著濃厚的興趣，這表明她喜歡烹飪。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“DriveChange,thenonprofitIstartedthatownsSnowday,runsa12-monthfellowshipforyoungpeoplecominghomefromprison.Theyworkinourkitchenandonourtruck,andtherevenue(收入)fromthetruckcyclesbackintotheorganizationtosupportourcostsAbout20peopleperyearworkonourtruck.Wepayourworkers$11anhourandteachthemtransferableskillsthroughclasseslikemarketing,moneymanagement,andculinaryarts.Wehelpbuildtheirskillsets,butforsomebodytoexcelinfutureenvironmentstheyneedthatfoundationwithinthemselves.(DriveChange是我創(chuàng)辦的非營(yíng)利組織，它擁有Snowday，為刑滿釋放的年輕人提供為期12個(gè)月的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。他們?cè)谖覀兊膹N房和餐車(chē)上工作，餐車(chē)的收入會(huì)回流到組織中，以支持我們的成本。每年大約有20人在我們的餐車(chē)上工作。我們支付工人每小時(shí)11美元的工資，并通過(guò)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)、財(cái)務(wù)管理、烹飪藝術(shù)等課程教授他們可轉(zhuǎn)移的技能。我們幫助他們建立技能集，但要讓一個(gè)人在未來(lái)環(huán)境中脫穎而出，他們需要內(nèi)在的基礎(chǔ))”和第五段的句子“Thegoalforusistohelpyoungpeoplecominghomegetintoapositionwhere,ratherthanallthestopsignsanddeadendstheygenerallyface,theyseefutureswithnewopportunities.(我們的目標(biāo)是幫助回家的年輕人進(jìn)入一個(gè)位置，而不是他們通常面臨的所有停止標(biāo)志和死胡同，他們看到了充滿新機(jī)遇的未來(lái))”可知，DriveChange的一個(gè)目標(biāo)是幫助刑滿釋放的年輕人重新融入社會(huì)，為他們創(chuàng)造新的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“DriveChange,thenonprofitIstartedthatownsSnowday,runsa12-monthfellowshipforyoungpeoplecominghomefromprison.Theyworkinourkitchenandonourtruck,andtherevenue(收入)fromthetruckcyclesbackintotheorganizationtosupportourcosts.About20peopleperyearworkonourtruck.Wepayourworkers$11anhourandteachthemtransferableskillsthroughclasseslikemarketing,moneymanagement,andculinaryarts.(DriveChange是我創(chuàng)辦的非營(yíng)利組織，它擁有Snowday，為刑滿釋放的年輕人提供為期12個(gè)月的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。他們?cè)谖覀兊膹N房和餐車(chē)上工作，餐車(chē)的收入會(huì)回流到組織中，以支持我們的成本。每年大約有20人在我們的餐車(chē)上工作。我們支付工人每小時(shí)11美元的工資，并通過(guò)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)、財(cái)務(wù)管理、烹飪藝術(shù)等課程教授他們可轉(zhuǎn)移的技能)”可知，DriveChange有明確的運(yùn)作模式和資金循環(huán)機(jī)制，這表明它是一個(gè)組織良好的機(jī)構(gòu)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Next,we’llbeabletoworkwithmorepeoplehiredbymorefoodtrucks.(接下來(lái)，我們將能夠讓更多的餐車(chē)雇傭更多的人)”可知，作者的未來(lái)計(jì)劃是擴(kuò)大業(yè)務(wù)范圍。故選A項(xiàng)。C篇NewsthattheDutchbookpublishinghouseVeenBosch&KeuninghasconfirmedplanstoexperimentwithAItotranslatefictionhascausedafiercedebate.Acrosseverynewtechnology,debatescenteronwhatwestandtolosebyembracingchangeand,withAI,thisechoes(與……相呼應(yīng))thedevelopmentsintherecenthistoryofgeneticscience.Butsomehow,whenweinterferewithcultureandhumanhistory,itcanseemthatsomethingevenmorefundamentalthanDNAisunderthreat.Fictiontranslationhastraditionallybeenthedomainofskilledhumantranslators.UsingAIinthisfieldcouldbreakuphumanity’smostremarkableandperhapsirreplaceableachievement:theabilitytoexpresscomplexhumanthoughtsthroughwords.Language,especiallyinliterature,isn’tjustaboutwords.It’saboutculturalcontext,andthedistinctvoiceofthewriter.Onlyahumanwhounderstandsbothlanguagesandculturescanaccuratelytranslatetheheartofastory.Yetmachinelearninghasmadeextraordinarystrides(進(jìn)展)inunderstandinglanguage,bestevidencedbythelatestversionofChatGPT.WeseemtobeatapointinthedevelopmentofAIwhereitscapabilitiesofusinglanguagealmostmatchhumans’inawiderangeofcircumstances,fromcustomerservicechatbotstohealthtestingtools.Learningeverylanguagetoreadeverybookis,ofcourse,impractical.Butnotunderstandingaparticularlanguagecanpreventusfromdiscoveringgreatworksofnativeliteraturethatmayneverbetranslatedintoourownlanguages.Thus,wemightadvanceasocialjusticeargumentforusingAltranslationtowidelygaininsightsfrommanyculturesandtheirvariedlanguages.Ofcourse,theriseofAIintranslationhasitsdownsides.IfAIreplaceshumantranslators,werisklosingtheirinsightsandtheculturalunderstandingtheybringButwecanuseAItohelphumantranslators.TranslatorscouldbeinvolvedinimprovingAImodels,ensuringhigheraccuracyandquality,andselectingworkstobetranslated.Imagine.aworldwheretranslatorsandAIworktogether,pushingtheboundariesofwhatcanbeaccomplished.Thiswouldgiveusaccesstomoregloballiterature,enhancingourcollectiveunderstandingofdiversecultures.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthedevelopmentsinrecentgeneticscience?A.Toemphasizetherapidtechnologicalprogress.B.Toexplainthemoralissuesinvolvedinthisfield.C.ToshowconcernsabouttheeffectofAItranslation.D.TodiscusstheadvantagesofapplyingAItechnology.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“madeextraordinarystrides”inparagraph4mean?A.Encounteredhugebarriers.B.Achievedremarkableprogress.C.Posedconsiderablechallenges.D.Exhibitedsignificantlimitations.10.WhatisidentifiedasasignificantpotentialbenefitofAItranslation?A.Itcanensuretheaccuracyoftranslations.B.Itcansavealargeamountoffinancialinvestment.C.Itcanfacilitatetheprocessoflearningforeignlanguages.D.Itcanexpandaccesstoliteraturefromdifferentcultures.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheuseofAIinfictiontranslation?A.Objective. B.Skeptical.C.Indifferent. D.Optimistic.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人工智能在小說(shuō)翻譯中的應(yīng)用及其引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NewsthattheDutchbookpublishinghouseVeenBosch&KeuninghasconfirmedplanstoexperimentwithAItotranslatefictionhascausedafiercedebate.(荷蘭圖書(shū)出版公司VeenBosch&Keuning已確認(rèn)計(jì)劃利用人工智能翻譯小說(shuō)，這一消息引發(fā)了激烈的爭(zhēng)論。)”和第二段中“Acrosseverynewtechnology,debatescenteronwhatwestandtolosebyembracingchangeand,withAI,thisechoes(與……相呼應(yīng))thedevelopmentsintherecenthistoryofgeneticscience.(每一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)都會(huì)引發(fā)關(guān)于我們因接受變革而可能失去的東西的爭(zhēng)論，而在人工智能方面，這與近代遺傳科學(xué)的發(fā)展相呼應(yīng)。)”可知，作者提到近代遺傳科學(xué)的發(fā)展，是為了與人工智能翻譯可能帶來(lái)的影響相呼應(yīng)，從而表達(dá)對(duì)人工智能翻譯效果的擔(dān)憂。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Yetmachinelearninghasmadeextraordinarystrides(進(jìn)展)inunderstandinglanguage,bestevidencedbythelatestversionofChatGPT.WeseemtobeatapointinthedevelopmentofAIwhereitscapabilitiesofusinglanguagealmostmatchhumans’inawiderangeofcircumstances,fromcustomerservicechatbotstohealthtestingtools.(然而，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)在理解語(yǔ)言方面已經(jīng)madeextraordinarystrides，最新版本的ChatGPT就是最好的證明。在人工智能的發(fā)展中，我們似乎正處于一個(gè)階段，即在從客戶(hù)服務(wù)聊天機(jī)器人到健康檢測(cè)工具的廣泛情況下，其使用語(yǔ)言的能力幾乎與人類(lèi)相匹配。)”可知，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)在理解語(yǔ)言方面取得了顯著的進(jìn)步，madeextraordinarystrides的意思是“取得顯著進(jìn)步”。故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thus,wemightadvanceasocialjusticeargumentforusingAltranslationtowidelygaininsightsfrommanyculturesandtheirvariedlanguages.(因此，我們可能會(huì)提出一個(gè)社會(huì)公正的論點(diǎn)，即使用人工智能翻譯來(lái)廣泛地從許多文化和他們的不同語(yǔ)言中獲得見(jiàn)解。)”可知，人工智能翻譯的一個(gè)顯著潛在好處是它可以擴(kuò)大對(duì)不同文化文學(xué)的接觸。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ofcourse,theriseofAIintranslationhasitsdownsides.IfAIreplaceshumantranslators,werisklosingtheirinsightsandtheculturalunderstandingtheybringButwecanuseAItohelphumantranslators.(當(dāng)然，人工智能在翻譯中的興起也有其缺點(diǎn)。如果人工智能取代了人類(lèi)翻譯，我們就有可能失去他們的見(jiàn)解和他們帶來(lái)的文化理解，但我們可以利用人工智能來(lái)幫助人類(lèi)翻譯。)”可知，作者既提到了人工智能翻譯的缺點(diǎn)，也提到了其潛在的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并提出了人類(lèi)翻譯和人工智能可以合作的觀點(diǎn)。因此，作者對(duì)人工智能在小說(shuō)翻譯中的使用持客觀態(tài)度。故選A。D篇Noninstrumentalinformationseeking,drivenbycuriosity,iscommonindailylife.Previousstudiessuggestthatagingmayreduceoverallinformation-seekingbehaviorandcuriosity.However,fewstudieshaveexaminedwhetherthetypeofinformationsoughtchangeswithage.GretaFastrichinvestigateswhetheradultsexhibitdifferentinformation-seekingbehaviors—specifically,diverse(exploringnewtopics)orspecific(deepeningknowledgeonfamiliartopics)—astheyage.Thestudyinvolved498participantsaged12to79,whoselectedoneoftheprovidedtopics.Participantswerethenpresentedwithshortfactualstatements,followedbyoptionstoeitherlearnmoreaboutthesametopic(specificinformationseeking)orswitchtoanewtopic(diverseinformationseeking).Theycouldreadupto10factsforeachtopicandupto80factsintotalacrossmultipletopics,wishedreadingeachfactandmakingtheirchoices.Datawerecollectedonhowmanyfactseach.Thefactswerepresentedinarandomorder,andtheparticipantscouldspendasmuchtimeastheyparticipantread,whethertheychosetocontinuereadingwithinatopicorswitch,andtheirself-reportedcuriosityinthematerial.Theresultsrevealedsignificantage-relateddifferencesininformation-seekingstrategies.Olderparticipantsreadmorefactspertopic,showingaclearpreferencefordeepeningtheirknowledgeratherthanbroadeningit.Incontrast,youngerparticipantsexhibitedmorediverseinformationseeking,frequentlyswitchingbetweentopicstoexploreawiderrangeofmaterial.Foreachadditionalyearinage,participantswereslightlymorelikelytostaywithinatopicandlesslikelytoexploreanewone.Additionally,theresearchersfoundthatparticipants’self-reportedcuriositywererelatedtotheirinformation-seekingchoices.Participantswhoratedthemselvesasmoreinterestedinafactweremorelikelytocontinuewithinthesametopic.Thishasimplicationsforhownewinformationshouldbecommunicatedtodifferentagegroupsinordertobestsupportmotivatedlearning.Thisconsiderationhasavastrangeofpotentialapplications,fromeducationalcoursedesigntomuseumexhibitarrangementstotheprovisionofhealthinformation.12.Greta’sresearchfocusesonage’simpacton.A.informationprocessing B.informationdistributionC.information-seekingtendency D.information-seekingtechniques13.Whatwereparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Providedetaileddataonatopic. B.MaintaintheirinterestinreadingC.Raisetopicstheywanttoexplore D.Readinformationoncertaintopics.14.Whichbestdescribestheage-relatedshiftininformation-seekingbehavior?A.Gradualandsteady. B.Randomandfrequent.C.Substantialbuttemporary. D.Unpredictablebutmeasurable.15.Whatinsightdoesthisstudyprovide?A.Olderpeopleneedslowerinformationdelivery.B.Informationshouldbetailoredfordifferentages.C.Youngeradultsbenefitfromin-depthinformation.D.Informationshouldbeaccessibletopeopleofallages.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)年齡和尋找信息之間聯(lián)系的研究，解釋了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“GretaFastrichinvestigateswhetheradultsexhibitdifferentinformation-seekingbehaviors—specifically,diverse(exploringnewtopics)orspecific(deepeningknowledgeonfamiliartopics)—astheyage.(格里塔·法斯特里奇調(diào)查了成年人是否會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)表現(xiàn)出不同的信息尋求行為——具體來(lái)說(shuō)，是多樣化（探索新話題）還是專(zhuān)一化（加深對(duì)熟悉話題的了解）)”可知，Greta的研究重點(diǎn)是年齡對(duì)信息尋求傾向的影響。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudyinvolved498participantsaged12to79,whoselectedoneoftheprovidedtopics.Participantswerethenpresentedwithshortfactualstatements,followedbyoptionstoeitherlearnmoreaboutthesametopic(specificinformationseeking)orswitchtoanewtopic(diverseinformationseeking).Theycouldreadupto10factsforeachtopicandupto80factsintotalacrossmultipletopics,wishedreadingeachfactandmakingtheirchoices.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及498名年齡在12歲到79歲之間的參與者，他們從提供的主題中選擇一個(gè)。然后向參與者展示簡(jiǎn)短的事實(shí)陳述，然后選擇了解更多關(guān)于同一主題（特定信息搜索）或切換到一個(gè)新主題（多樣化信息搜索）。他們可以為每個(gè)主題閱讀多達(dá)10個(gè)事實(shí)，并在多個(gè)主題中閱讀多達(dá)80個(gè)事實(shí)，希望閱讀每個(gè)事實(shí)并做出選擇)”可知，參與者在研究中被要求閱讀特定話題的信息。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Olderparticipantsreadmorefactspertopic,showingaclearpreferencefordeepeningtheirknowledgeratherthanbroadeningit.Incontrast,youngerparticipantsexhibitedmorediverseinformationseeking,frequentlyswitchingbetweentopicstoexploreawiderrangeofmaterial.Foreachadditionalyearinage,participantswereslightlymorelikelytostaywithinatopicandlesslikelytoexploreanewone.(年齡較大的參與者在每個(gè)主題上閱讀的事實(shí)更多，他們明顯傾向于加深知識(shí)而不是拓寬知識(shí)相比之下，年輕的參與者表現(xiàn)出更多樣化的信息尋求，經(jīng)常在主題之間切換，以探索更廣泛的材料。年齡每增加一歲，參與者就更有可能停留在一個(gè)話題上，而不太可能探索一個(gè)新的話題)”可知，隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)，參與者在信息尋求行為上的轉(zhuǎn)變是隨著年齡逐年逐漸發(fā)生的，即這種轉(zhuǎn)變是“循序漸進(jìn)”的。故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thishasimplicationsforhownewinformationshouldbecommunicatedtodifferentagegroupsinordertobestsupportmotivatedlearning.Thisconsiderationhasavastrangeofpotentialapplications,fromeducationalcoursedesigntomuseumexhibitarrangementstotheprovisionofhealthinformation.(這意味著新的信息應(yīng)該如何傳達(dá)給不同的年齡組，以最好地支持動(dòng)機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)。這種考慮具有廣泛的潛在應(yīng)用，從教育課程設(shè)計(jì)到博物館展覽安排，再到提供健康信息)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究表明信息應(yīng)該根據(jù)不同年齡進(jìn)行定制，以更好地支持有動(dòng)機(jī)的學(xué)習(xí)，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___16___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.___17___Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.___18___Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.___19___Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.___20___Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個(gè)一起鍛煉的伙伴?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個(gè)理由》的文章。一個(gè)理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會(huì)去鍛煉。”)”以及后文“Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.(有一個(gè)鍛煉伙伴，你將會(huì)努力訓(xùn)練，因?yàn)槟銈冎g有一個(gè)微妙的競(jìng)爭(zhēng))”可知，空處陳述另一個(gè)和別人一起鍛煉的理由，故選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與后文是順承關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)C中的“trainwithsomeoneelse”與后文的“Withaworkoutpartner”相對(duì)應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)C“You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練，你會(huì)更努力)”符合語(yǔ)意。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.(首先，決定你想從那個(gè)人身上得到什么)”和后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動(dòng)的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個(gè)問(wèn)句，反問(wèn)自己結(jié)伴鍛煉的目的，故空處與后文是選擇關(guān)系，你要知道你鍛煉是為了什么。所以選項(xiàng)D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?(你想在你最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目上成為更好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員嗎?)”與后文在語(yǔ)意上構(gòu)成選擇關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.(你可能會(huì)考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會(huì)得到有用的回應(yīng))”和后文“Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個(gè)人一定是同一個(gè)健身房的)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B中的“l(fā)ivecloseby”與后文的“belongtothesamegym”相對(duì)應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.(鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近)”與下文是順承關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項(xiàng)包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時(shí)，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)，并提供了她的電話號(hào)碼)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說(shuō)明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選項(xiàng)G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息)”是對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)意。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.(久而久之，你們雙方都會(huì)受益—你的伴侶會(huì)舉起更多的重量，你也會(huì)變得更健康。你們關(guān)系的核心是你們永遠(yuǎn)在一起互相幫助)”可知，要學(xué)會(huì)求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。選項(xiàng)F中的“differences”對(duì)應(yīng)前文的“differentskills”，選項(xiàng)中的“workwitheachother”對(duì)應(yīng)后文的“betheretohelpeachother”，故選項(xiàng)F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學(xué)會(huì)彼此合作)”起到承上啟下的作用，符合語(yǔ)意。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分：完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)。IgrewupinasmallNorthDakotatown.Dadwasafarmer,sowekidsweretaught___21___todrivefarmvehicles.Istarteddrivingthetractor(拖拉機(jī))atage15.Onesummerday,Dadaskedmetobackhistruckup.___22___,Ibackeditintoatree,damagingthetruck.Iwas___23___becauseIwasn’tsurehowDadwouldreact.Luckily,Dadwasn’t___24___,andmovedthetruckhimself.Asateenager,Iusuallyworkedpart-timeonUncleJim’sfarminmy___25___time.Oneday,Idrovethetractortogetgasfromthefarmyardfueltank,whichwas___26___onabigmetalshelf12feethigh.I___27___theshelf,bendingoneofthevehicle’swoodenbars.Istoppedthevehicleanxiouslyandgotoff.I___28___UncleJimwouldhelpme.Tomy___29___,hesaid,“Getbackuponthattractorandyoucandoit.”AndIdid!Duringharvest,Jimhadmedofarmingchoreswiththattractor,whichmademyconfidence____30____greatly.The“cando”____31____UncleJimhadtowardmecarriedmethrough____32____timesinlife.WheneverIencountereddifficulties,the____33____onthesummerdayonthefarmcamefloodingbacktomymindandmyspiritwasn’t____34____!Itjustgoestoshowwhatahugeimpactcanbecreatedbysmallgesturesof____35____inaperson.21.A.early B.hard C.recently D.fast22.A.Frankly B.Skillfully C.Intentionally D.Unfortunately23.A.curious B.scared C.embarrassed D.hesitant24.A.mad B.pleased C.worried D.proud25.A.entire B.quality C.spare D.limited26.A.emptied B.operated C.placed D.transformed27.A.builtup B.raninto C.toredown D.passedby28.A.claimed B.doubted C.worried D.assumed29.A.disappointment B.surprise C.fright D.satisfaction30.A.decline B.suffer C.grow D.change31.A.admiration B.judgment C.affection D.attitude32.A.tough B.confusing C.relaxing D.valuable33.A.comment B.expectation C.reflection D.plan34.A.broken B.recognized C.refreshed D.raised35.A.justice B.belief C.interest D.courage【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.C27.B28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，在父親和叔叔吉姆的鼓勵(lì)和幫助下，克服駕駛農(nóng)用車(chē)輛時(shí)遇到的困難和挑戰(zhàn)，從而增強(qiáng)了自信心。文章表達(dá)了積極面對(duì)困難、勇于嘗試的主題，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了他人鼓勵(lì)和支持對(duì)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)的重要影響?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸是個(gè)農(nóng)民，所以我們這些孩子很早就學(xué)會(huì)了駕駛農(nóng)用車(chē)。A.early早；B.hard嚴(yán)重地；C.recently最近；D.fast快。根據(jù)上文“Dadwasafarmer(父親是個(gè)農(nóng)民)”以及下文“Istarteddrivingthetractor(拖拉機(jī))atage15(我在15歲就開(kāi)始駕駛拖拉機(jī))”可知，作者很早就學(xué)會(huì)駕駛農(nóng)用車(chē)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，我倒車(chē)時(shí)撞上了一棵樹(shù)，把卡車(chē)撞壞了。A.Frankly直率地；B.Skillfully熟練地；C.Intentionally故意地；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)下文“Ibackeditintoatree,damagingthetruck(我倒車(chē)時(shí)撞上了一棵樹(shù)，把卡車(chē)撞壞了)”可知此處說(shuō)的是一件不幸的事情，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很害怕，因?yàn)槲也恢腊职謺?huì)有什么反應(yīng)。A.curious好奇的；B.scared害怕的；C.embarrassed局促不安的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)下文“Iwasn’tsurehowDadwouldreact(我不知道爸爸會(huì)有什么反應(yīng))”可知，作者不確定爸爸對(duì)自己撞壞了車(chē)這件事是什么反應(yīng)，感到害怕，故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，爸爸沒(méi)有生氣，他自己把卡車(chē)開(kāi)走了。A.mad憤怒的；B.pleased高興的；C.worried困惱的；D.proud自豪的。根據(jù)上文“Iwasn’tsurehowDadwouldreact(我不知道爸爸會(huì)有什么反應(yīng))”以及“Luckily(幸運(yùn)的是)”可知，作者原本擔(dān)心父親生氣，幸運(yùn)的是父親沒(méi)有生氣，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：十幾歲的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常利用業(yè)余時(shí)間在吉姆叔叔的農(nóng)場(chǎng)做兼職。A.entire全部的；B.quality優(yōu)質(zhì)的；C.spare空閑的；D.limited有限的。根據(jù)上文“Asateenager,Iusuallyworkedpart-timeonUncleJim'sfarm(十幾歲的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常在吉姆叔叔的農(nóng)場(chǎng)做兼職)”可知，十幾歲不是做農(nóng)活的年齡，所以作者做兼職只能是在空閑時(shí)間，故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我開(kāi)著拖拉機(jī)去農(nóng)場(chǎng)的油箱加油，油箱放在一個(gè)12英尺高的大金屬架上。A.emptied清空；B.operated操作；C.placed放；D.transformed改變。根據(jù)下文“onabigmetalshelf12feethigh(在一個(gè)12英尺高的大金屬架上)”可知，油箱放在一個(gè)12英尺高的大金屬架上，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我不小心撞上了架子，弄彎了拖拉機(jī)的一根木桿。A.builtup逐步建立；B.raninto撞上；C.toredown拆除；D.passedby路過(guò)。根據(jù)下文“theshelf,bendingoneofthevehicle’swoodenbars(……架子，弄彎了拖拉機(jī)的一根木桿)”可推理出作者不小心撞上了架子，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為吉姆叔叔會(huì)幫我。A.claimed聲稱(chēng)；B.doubted懷疑；C.worried擔(dān)憂；D.assumed認(rèn)為。根據(jù)下文“UncleJimwouldhelpme(吉姆叔叔會(huì)幫我)”可知，下文說(shuō)的是作者自認(rèn)為吉姆叔叔會(huì)提供幫助，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，他說(shuō)：“回到那輛拖拉機(jī)上，你能做到的?！盇.disap