2025年中考英語閱讀理解詞義猜測解題方法技巧（課件）

1.HowdoyouusuallyfinishyourreadingtasksinanEnglishexam?a.Readthepassagefirstb.Readthequestionsfirst2.Areyougoodatreading?3.Whatdifficultiesdoyouhaveinreading?FreeTalk閱讀專題---詞義猜測題詞義猜測題命題形式詞義猜測題考查學(xué)生對一定的詞匯在特定的語言環(huán)境中的意義的理解，要求學(xué)生對文中個別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞作出解釋。解答這類題目，學(xué)生需要利用上下文的關(guān)鍵信息點來確定其確切含義?？疾榈姆绞綖檫x項的單詞解釋題目的單詞(英文→中文；英文→英文)。常見題干1.Theunderlineword

means______inChinese.2.Theunderlinewordrefersto/probablymeans/couldbereplacedby_______.3.Whatdoestheunderlineword“...”mean?Onthethirdmorning,thearrivedearlier.Stillnonewscame.Bymid-day,mostofthemwereirritated.Somethoughtthecompanydidnotcarethem.Someregrettedcominghere.Onlyonemanwasdifferent.Hewashappyallthosedays.Hekeptsmilingwhiletheotherscomplained(抱怨).例題導(dǎo)讀1()57.Theunderlineword“irritated”inParagraph4probablymeans“____”inChinese.A.快活的 B.憤怒的C.放松的 D.膽怯的方法1：語境推斷法語境推斷法1.Kobe

Bryant

is

fabulous,

just

like

Michacl

Jordan,

who

is

amazing.A.認(rèn)真的

B.堅持的

C.難過的

D.極好的2.The

virus(病毒)

is

fierce.

It

is

unlike

the

flu

which

is

weak.A.治愈的

B.強烈的

C.弱的

D.有害的例題導(dǎo)讀2方法2：定義解釋法(廣東閱讀B篇節(jié)選)

Intelligence

Arobotneedssomekindof“smarts”

.

Aprogrammeristhepersonwhogivestherobotits“smarts”.Therobotwillhavetohaveacertainwaytoreceivetheprogramsothatitknowswhatitistodo.(

)64.TheChinesemeaningof“Intelligence”inthelastparagraphis________.A.能源B.勤奮C.智能

D.外觀定義解釋法1.Do

you

know

what

a

rat

is?

That

means

a

mouse.A.老鼠

B.貓

C.馬

D.大象2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.A.商人

B.工人

C.牧人

D.農(nóng)民例題導(dǎo)讀3Lastnight,shehadaterribletoothacheandaskedmetobuyhersomepainkiller.()whatdoestheunderlineword“painkiller”

meaninChinese?A.止痛藥

B.殺蟲藥

C.保健藥

D.飲品方法3：構(gòu)詞法例題導(dǎo)讀3方法3：構(gòu)詞法IgraduatedfromcollegerecentlyandmovedtoWashingtonbymyself.WhileIwasincollege,itwasreallyeasytomeetnewpeople.But“outintherealworld”,Iwasfindingitreallyhard.Iliveinabigcity,anditseemslikeeveryonearoundmeisbusyoralreadyhasallfriendstheywant.IwasfeelingsodiscouragedandIdidn'tknowwhattodo,soIcalledmysisterforsomeadvice.()5.Theunderlineword“discouraged”possiblymeans_____inChinese.A.沮喪的B.高興的C.抱歉的D.后悔的en-re-dis-im-in-un-mis-inter-(使成為)(再一次)(否定)(不，非)(不，非)(不)(誤)enrich,enjoyretell,reviewdisagree,disappearimpossible,impoliteinexpensiveunfriendly,uncomfortablemistake,misunderstand,mislead(相互，交互)interview,Internet,international常見前綴-or/er-ist-tion-ful-able-less-ship(從事某種職業(yè)的人)(人)(表示動作、狀態(tài)名詞)(充滿)(能夠)(沒有，無)(狀態(tài)，身份)driver,actor,writerscientist,tourist,terroristinvitation,attentionsuccessful,colorfuldrinkable,unbelievablehopeless,homeless,meaninglessfriendship,leadership常見后綴例題導(dǎo)讀4方法4：上下文關(guān)系法Lifeistooshortanduncertain.WhatIsayisnotnewatall,butitisimportant.Ifyouarereadingthis,Iamnolongerwithyou.Youarealonenow.I’mnottheretohelpyouorgiveyouanykindofadvice.ButIhavefaiththatthestepsyoutakewillbesoundandwise.(

)Theunderlinedword“sound”means“

”inthepassage.

A.loud

B.dangerous

C.reasonable

D.respectable同義、對比、因果、順承等上下文關(guān)系法

1.Lily

is

not

a

tough

girl.

Instead,

she

often

cries.A.柔弱的

B.堅強的

C.聰明的

D.幽默的2.Therearetwowaystospendlife.Oneisto‘rot’，whiletheotheristo‘burn’.Idon’twanttogetworse.Iprefertoburn.A.Tobebored B.TogetbetterC.Tobecomeworse D.TobesatisfiedMostofthetime,thesefourskillscanhelpusunderstandthemeaningsofpassagesbetter.Butsometimes,theydon’twork.Ifyoucan’tgetthemeaningsofthedifficultwords,youhadbetterlookthemupinthedictionary.Anothertip:對點訓(xùn)練1RadboudUniversityNijmegenintheNetherlandishtownNijmegenoffersanewsolutionforthosewhoarestrugglingfromeverydaychallengesofstudentlifeandanxiousuncertaintyaboutthefuture—a“purificationgrave(凈化墳?zāi)?”.()Theunderlinedword“uncertainty”means“

”.

A.beingsure B.beingunsure C.beinginorder D.beingindisorderB對點訓(xùn)練2Eachyear,about2,000babiesintheUnitedStatesarebornwith

limb

differences,likeJordanwas.Thatmeanstheyaremissingallorpartofanarmoraleg.Withonlyonehand,Jordanhasatoughtimedoingcertainactivitiesliketyinghershoes.Shesometimesusesaprosthetic(假體)armtohelpherrideherbike.(

)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)imb”inParagraph3mean?A.Eyesorears. B.Nosesormouths. C.Armsorlegs. D.Hairorskin.C對點訓(xùn)練3Thefestivalcelebratesancientagrarian（農(nóng)耕的)Chineseculture,andwhilesomeoftraditionalwaystocelebrateitarenolongerpracticed,otherspersist.()Theunderlinedword“persist”probablymeans____inthispassage.

A.消亡B.改變C.持續(xù)D.完善C對點訓(xùn)練4Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.However,theysingmostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheirterritory.Doyouknowwhata“territory”is?Aterritoryisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims(聲稱)asitsown.()Theunderlinedword“territory”inthepassageprobablymeans____inChinese.A.羽毛B.幼崽C.領(lǐng)地D.戰(zhàn)場CSummary：skillsofguessingmeanings1語境推斷法2定義解釋法3構(gòu)詞法4上下文關(guān)系法課后練習(xí)題Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemworkmoresuccessfully.Butresearchersdisapprove.“Ididastudyseveralyearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime，”

saysStone.“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators.Theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter.”Nomatterwhatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcanleadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disapprove”inthepassagemean?A.Accept. B.Disagree.C.Discover. D.Worry.B However,from2023to2025,poaching(偷獵)andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly. Eighty-threeelephantswerelostin20124alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantswerekilledin2024.“Ifthissituationgoeson,alltheGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2023，”

saidamemberofMEP.()2.Whatdoestheword“illegal”inParagraph4meaninChinese?A.公平的 B.虧損的 C.非法的 D.合理的CAlthoughJerryhadachievedgreatsuccess,hedidn'tfeelfulfilled.Heaskedhimself,“Isitenoughtoclimbthehighestmountains?AmIdoingsomethinghelpful?HowcanIturnmyadventuresintosomethingthatcanhelptheworld？”()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilled”inParagraph2mean?A.Satisfied. B.Lonely.C.Patient. D.Worried.AAsurveyreportreleasedonThursdaysaid70.9percentofprimaryandmiddlestudentsinChinausetheWeChatinstantmessagingApp.Atthesametime,75.9percentofChinesechildrenhavetheirownmobilephones,accordingtoChinaNationalChildren’sCenter.Thefigureswerebasedonasurveyofnearly9,000childrenacrossChina.However,28.8percentofthemneverreadnewsonlineand43.2percenthavenevertouchednewspapers.()4.Whatdoestheword“released”meaninthepassage?A.解釋

B.釋放 C.減少 D.發(fā)布DRadenRoroHendartiisalibrarianinMuntangvillage.Shestarteda“trashlibrary”,hopingtomakechildrenreadmoreaswellasmakethemrealizetheimportanceofenvironmentprotection.Eachweekday,Radenputsallkindsofbooksonthebackofherthree-wheeler(三輪車)andridestoMuntangvillage.There,childrenlineuptoexchangeplasticcups,bagsandothertrashforbooksfromRaden'smobilelibrary.After