新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期三模試題 英語 含解析

新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)2025年普通高考第三次適應(yīng)性檢測英語(卷面分值：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共12頁。答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthelibraryclosetoday?A.At5pm. B.At6pm. C.At8pm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Didyouknowthelibraryisclosingearlytoday?M:Yeah,thenoticesaid6pm.insteadof8pm.becauseofcleaning.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanstillneedtodo?A.Printthereport.B.Sendthereport.C.Dosomemoreresearch.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedthechemistryreportyet?W:No,Ineedtocheckmoredata.Iwillhanditintomorrow.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatmightpreventthewomanfromgoingontheschooltrip?A.Apianolesson.B.Afamilyevent.C.Ascienceexam.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:DidyouhearabouttheschooltriptothesciencemuseumnextSaturday?W:Yes,butI’mnotsureifIcango.Imighthaveapianolessonthatday.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethemanandthewomantalkingabout?A.Science.B.Theman’snature.C.Thecompetitionresult.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iwonderifyouknowaboutthesciencecompetitionresult.M:Yes,ourteamgotthefirst.Wearegoingtonationals.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】HowmuchshouldthewomanpayifshebuystwoT-shirts?A.10dollars. B.18dollars. C.20dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HowmuchistheT-shirt?M:Tendollarsforone,butifyoubuytwo,youcansavetwodollars.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatisLisa’sfirstchoiceforuniversity?A.MIT. B.Caltech. C.Stanford.7.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Universityequipment.B.Universityapplication.C.Universityenvironment.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Lisa,haveyoudecidedwhichuniversityyouareapplyingto?W:YesI’mthinkingaboutapplyingtoStanford.M:Stanford?WhatmakesyouapplytoStanford?W:Theyhaveagreatengineeringprogramandamazingresearch.M:Thatsoundsimpressive.What’syourchoice,ifyoudon’tgetin?W:I’malsoconsideringMITandCALTechjustincase.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Jeans,askirtandadress.B.Jeans,askirtandasweater.C.Jeans,asweaterandadress.9Whatcolordressdoesthewomanprefer?A.Thewhiteone. B.Theblueone. C.Theblackone.10.Wherearethetwospeakersprobably?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atapostoffice.C.Inadepartmentstore.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Ithinkthisisagoodstore.I’msureinthisstorewecanbuyeverythingweneed.W:Ihopeso.M:Doyouknowwhatyouneed?W:Yes,Iwanttobuysomeclotheslikejeans,askirtandadress.M:Herearethejeans.Theseparrotlooksverynice.W:ButIdon’tlikethecolor.Oh,lookatthispair.It’sjustwhatIwant.M:Okay.W:Look!Iliketheblueone.M:Doyou?Ireallythinkit’stoolong.Howaboutthiswhiteone?Itlooksnicer.W:Buttheblueoneisnicerandthemorecomfortable.M:It’suptoyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasacough.B.Shehasanearache.C.Shehasaheadache.12.Howlongdoesthewomanneedtotakethemedicine?A.Forthreedays. B.Forfourdays. C.Forfivedays.13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanisgoingtobemarried.B.Thewomanshouldtakesomecoughpills.C.Thewomanhassomethingwrongwithherchest.【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Linda,howareyoufeeling?Youdon’tlookwell.W:AlsoI’vegotasorethroatandaheadache.M:Well,Iwilltakeyourtemperatureandseeifyouhavegotafever.Oh,yourtemperatureis39?C.Youhaveafever.W:Oh,mygod.Idofeelsosick.M:Doyouhaveacough?W:No.M:Anyearache?W:No,justasorethroatandaheadacheandI’mreadydepressed.M:You’veprobablygotafluandthat’smakingyoudepressed.I’lljustexamyourthroatandlistentoyourchest.Yourthroatisalittlered,butyourchestsoundsokay.Youshouldstayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.Iwillgiveyousomemedicine.Takeitthreetimesadayforfivedays.W:Okay,thanks,Dr.Harris.M:Notatall.Takeiteasy,Linda.Ithinkyoudon’twanttobesickforyourwedding,sodoasItoldyou,youwillbewellsoon.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whydon’ttheyleaveafterworkonThursday?A.Becausetheycan’tfinishtheirwork.B.Becausetheywanttohavetheircarchecked.C.Becausetheydon’twanttogotheresoearly.15.Whowilldrivethecar?A.Bothofthetwo. B.Theman. C.Thewoman.16.Whataretheygoingtododuringthedays?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Visitsomeplacesofinterest.【答案】14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,darling,thenextFridayisaholiday,sowehavethreedaystotravel.Let’striptoXian.WecouldleaveonThursdayafterwork.M:I’mafraidwecan’tleaveuntilFridaymorning.Yousee,Iwillhavetogetthecarfixed.W:Allright.Shallwetaketurnsdriving?M:That’sagoodidea.Wewon’tgettiredthatway.W:I’mlookingforwardtovisitingXianI’veneverbeenthere.M:NeitherhaveI.Solet’smakethemostofourweekend.W:Duringthedayswecanvisitsomeplacesofinterest.M:Andintheevenings,wecangotosomerestaurantsanddosomeshopping.Ifthereisaconcert,Ithinkwecangothere.W:Thatwouldbenice,but…M:Butwhat?W:Idon’tthinkwewillbeluckyenoughtogettickets.M:Don’tworrytoomuchaboutthat.Thereisalwayssomethingwecando.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatwasMr.Douglaslikeatfirst?A.Hewaspolitetohisneighbors.B.Hewasimpolitetohisneighbors.C.Hewasworriedabouthisneighbors.18.WhatdidMr.Douglasdowhenhisneighbor,CatherineandDavid,hadababy?A.Hesentanotetothecouple.B.Hesaidcongratulationstothecouple.C.Hecomplainedaboutthebaby’scrying.19.Whydidn’tMr.Douglashearthebaby’scryingonenight?A.Hesleptsoundly.B.Hewasnotathomethen.C.HemadetheTVsoundveryloud.20.WhatmadeMr.Douglasbecomeapolitepersonlater?A.Hisneighbors’kindacts.B.Hisneighbors’complaint.C.Hisneighbors’congratulations.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Mr.Douglaslivedonthefourthfloorofanapartmentbuilding.Hewassoimpolitetohisneighbors.Heneversaidhellotothem.Helefthisrubbishinthehallway.Heoftencomplainedabouthisneighbors.HeevengotupsetwhenhisneighborCatherineandDavidhadababy.Insteadofsayingcongratulations,heloudlycomplainedaboutthebaby’scrying.Onedaywhilehewasleavinghisapartment,Mr.Douglassawthathisrubbishwasgone.HefoundanotefromDavid:GoodmorningMr.Douglas.IsawyourrubbishhereandsinceIwasonmywayoutIpickitupforyou.Haveaniceday!Mr.DouglasthoughtDavidwasnotsmartbutseveraldayslater,outsidehisdoor,MisterDouglasfoundanothernote.Itsaid:weareverysorryaboutthenoise.Ourbabywasnotfeelingwell,sohecriedalotlastnight.Hefeltreallysillybecausehedidn’tevenhearthebaby.HeturnedtheTVuptoloud,andthatcoveredanoiseofthebabycrying.Thatafternoonwhilehewasgoingtotheapartmentbuilding,hesawCatherineandDavid,hesaidhellopolitelyandthankedthemfortheirnotes.Mr.Douglaswasverygladthattheytreatedhimkindly.Nowheknowstheimportanceofbeingpolite.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMembersofGenBeta,forshort,willbethechildrenofyoungermillennialsandolderGenZersandby2035,theyareestimatedtomakeupatleast16%oftheglobalpopulation,accordingtoMcCrindle,anAustraliansocialresearcher.Additionally,manyGenBetamemberswilllikelyliveintothe22ndcentury.Babiesbornin2025willbe76yearsoldwhentheyear2101comesaround.Here’swhattoknowaboutGenerationBetaandthosethatcamebefore.WhatyearswillGenBetabebornbetween?MembersofGenBetawillbebornbetween2025and2039,accordingtoMcCrindle.Why‘Beta’?GenerationBetafollowsGenerationAlpha,inlinewiththeGreekalphabet.HowwilltechnologyaffectGenBeta?McCrindlepredictsthatdigitalandphysicallifewillbeseamless(無縫的)forGenBeta.WhilemembersofGenAlphahavebecomeacquaintedwithsmarttechnologyandartificialintelligence,GenBetawillexperienceAIandautomationineveryaspectoflife,fromschooltoworktohealthcareandentertainment,McCrindlesays.Astechnologycontinuestorapidlyadvance,GenZparentsarelikelytogivemorerestrictionsonhowtheirchildreninteractwiththedigitalworld.AccordingtoMcCrindle,36%ofGenZparents,comparedto30%ofmillennialparents,stronglyagreethatchildren’sscreentimeshouldbelimited.Generationnamesforpast100yearsThestartandendofanewgenerationissometimesvague,butthesegenerationgroupnamesareoftenusedforindividualsbornbetweenthefollowingyears:GreatestGeneration:1901-1927SilentGeneration:1928-1945(age80+)BabyBoomers:1946-1964(age61-79)GenerationX:1965-1979(age46-60)Millennials:1980-1994(age31-45)GenerationZ:1995-2009(age16-30)GenAlpha:2010-2024(age15andunder)Whatwillthenextgenerationbecalled,afterGenBeta?Ifnamingconventionscontinuefollowingthecurrenttrend,itislikelythatthenextgenerationalgroup,afterGenBeta,willbeGenerationGamma,accordingtoMcCrindle.Thisgenerationwilllikelyrepresentthosebornbetween2040and2054.21.WhatcanweknowaboutGenBeta?A.ItisthefirstgenerationtobeexposedtoAI.B.ItisthechildrenofbothmillennialsandGenZers.C.Itwillbecomethemajorityofthepopulationintenyears.D.ItisnamedinaccordancewiththeGreekalphabet,followingGenAlpha.22.WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenGenZandMillennialparents?A.GenZparentsavoidtechnology.B.Millennialparentsprefertraditionalmethods.C.Millennialparentsrelymoreonsocialmedia.D.GenZparentsaremorecautiousabouttechnology.23.Whatgenerationdoesakidinkindergartenbelongto?A.Millennials. B.GenerationZ.C.GenAlpha. D.GenBeta.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新興世代“GenerationBeta(β世代)”的定義、命名邏輯及其社會(huì)特征，并附上了百年來的世代劃分表。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“GenerationBetafollowsGenerationAlpha,inlinewiththeGreekalphabet.(貝塔一代緊隨阿爾法一代，按照希臘字母順序。)”可知，GenerationBeta=的命名遵循希臘字母順序，在GenAlpha(α世代)之后自然延續(xù)為Beta(β世代)，這種命名規(guī)則明確體現(xiàn)了代際劃分的連續(xù)性，與希臘字母排列邏輯一致，故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第九段“AccordingtoMcCrindle,36%ofGenZparents,comparedto30%ofmillennialparents,stronglyagreethatchildren’sscreentimeshouldbelimited.(根據(jù)McCrindle的調(diào)查，36%的Z世代父母強(qiáng)烈認(rèn)為應(yīng)該限制孩子的屏幕時(shí)間，而千禧一代的這一比例為30%。)”可知，Z世代父母相較于千禧一代父母，更傾向于限制子女的屏幕時(shí)間即科技使用，說明Z世代父母對科技更謹(jǐn)慎。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后附上的百年來的世代劃分表，目前處在幼兒園的孩子應(yīng)該屬于最后一類，“GenAlpha:2010-2024(age15andunder)(α世代：2010-2024（15歲及以下）)”即幼兒園里的孩子屬于α世代。故選C。BIvyScottwasbornwithhypoplasticleftheartsyndrome(左心發(fā)育不全綜合征),meaningonlyhalfofherheartfunctionsproperly.Despitespendingherfirstbirthdayinhospitalundergoingsurgery,IvyhasdedicatedtofundraisinganddeliveringpresentstochildrenatAlderHeyHospitalinLiverpoolsinceshewastwo.Ivy’sconditionwasdetectedwhenhermother,ClareBouch,dida20-weekpregnancyscan.Furthertestsrevealedtherarecondition,whichaffectsonly1in4,000babies.Atjusteightdaysold,Ivyunderwentherfirstopen-heartsurgery.Clarerecalled,“Seeingheraftersurgerywasheartbreaking.ShewassoswollenthatsheseemedtohaveboxedtenroundswithMikeTyson.Thoughcoveredinwiresandtubes,shemadeitthrougheventually.”Ivyhadanothersurgerythefollowingdaysandspentherfirstbirthdayinhospital.Sincethen,shehasrecoveredgradually.Underthecareofhermother,shecoulddomoderateexercise.SupportedbythecharityTinyTickers,Claresaid,“She’sdonesowellandalwayshasasmileforeveryone.”Ivybeganhergiftsdeliveriesin2018whenshewastwo,handingout90giftbagscontainingbiscuitsandpersonalcareitems.In2019,despiteabrokenleg,shedeliveredteddybearstotheintensivecareunit(ICU).In2020and2021,Ivyraised￡1,000eachyearthroughonlinefundraising.In2022,shereturnedtodeliveringpresents,bringingbooksasgifts.Andin2023,sheraisedanother￡1,000andtookingiftsofbabytoysandpresentsforteenagers.Lastyear,shestilldeliveredover200presents.Clareshared,“She’sincrediblythoughtfulandalwaysthinksofothers.”Ivy’sselflessspiritcontinuestoinspireothers,provingthatevenwithhalfaheart,shehasthebiggestheartofall.24.WhydoestheauthormentionMikeTysoninparagraph2?A.ToshowIvy’sloveforboxing.B.Togiveanexampleofafamousperson.C.Toemphasizehowexcellentthesurgerywas.D.TodescribeIvy’sconditionaftertheoperation.25.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutIvy’sillness?A.Itiscompletelycuredafterherfirstsurgery.B.Itleadstoherdepressionduringherrecovery.C.Itrequiresmorethanonesurgeryandattentivecare.D.Itpreventsherfromparticipatinginanyphysicalactivities.26.WhatcanweknowaboutIvyinhercharitywork?A.Shetriestovarythetypesofgifts.B.Shestickstothegiftdeliveryeveryyear.C.Shecarriesoutittoproveherselflessness.D.Sheusesdonationsfromothersaspresents.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesIvy’scharacter?A.Optimisticandhumorous.B.Considerateanddetermined.C.Curiousandadventurous.D.Confidentandindependent.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了患有左心發(fā)育不全綜合征的女孩IvyScott在經(jīng)歷多次手術(shù)后仍堅(jiān)持參與公益慈善活動(dòng)的故事?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Clarerecalled,‘Seeingheraftersurgerywasheartbreaking.ShewassoswollenthatsheseemedtohaveboxedtenroundswithMikeTyson.’(Clare回憶道：“手術(shù)后見到她令人心碎。她腫得好像和MikeTyson打了十局。)”并結(jié)合常識可知，MikeTyson是一位很厲害拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員，和他打了十局，應(yīng)該是腫得很厲害。由此推知，作者提到MikeTyson是為了用比喻生動(dòng)描述Ivy術(shù)后腫脹的外貌，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)歷手術(shù)后其身體狀況的嚴(yán)重性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文中第二段內(nèi)容“Atjusteightdaysold,Ivyunderwentherfirstopen-heartsurgery.(8天大的時(shí)候，Ivy接受了她的第一次心臟直視手術(shù)。)”提到Ivy在出生后8天接受第一次開胸手術(shù)；第三段內(nèi)容“Ivyhadanothersurgerythefollowingdaysandspentherfirstbirthdayinhospital.Sincethen,shehasrecoveredgradually.Underthecareofhermother,shecoulddomoderateexercise.(Ivy在接下來的幾天里又做了一次手術(shù)，并在醫(yī)院度過了她的第一個(gè)生日。從那以后，她逐漸康復(fù)了。在媽媽的照顧下，她可以做適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”提到隨后又經(jīng)歷了手術(shù)，在醫(yī)院里度過了第一個(gè)生日，并在母親和慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的照料下逐漸恢復(fù)。由此可推斷，她的病情需要多次手術(shù)和持續(xù)護(hù)理。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“…h(huán)andingout90giftbagscontainingbiscuitsandpersonalcareitems(分發(fā)90個(gè)裝有餅干和個(gè)人護(hù)理用品的禮品袋)”，“…shedeliveredteddybearstotheintensivecareunit(ICU)(她把泰迪熊送到了重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室)”，“In2022,shereturnedtodeliveringpresents,bringingbooksasgifts.Andin2023,sheraisedanother￡1,000andtookingiftsofbabytoysandpresentsforteenagers.(2022年，她重新開始送禮物，帶來書籍作為禮物。2023年，她又籌集了1000英鎊，并收到了嬰兒玩具和青少年禮物。)”的描述，Ivy自2018年起每年贈(zèng)送不同類型的禮物，如餅干、泰迪熊、書籍、嬰兒玩具等，可見她在禮物種類上不斷變化。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Thoughcoveredinwiresandtubes,shemadeitthrougheventually.(盡管身上布滿了電線和管子，她最終還是挺了過來。)”可知，她很小的時(shí)候就經(jīng)歷了難熬的手術(shù)，同時(shí)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Ivybeganhergiftsdeliveriesin2018whenshewastwo,handingout90giftbagscontainingbiscuitsandpersonalcareitems.(Ivy從2018年開始送禮物，當(dāng)時(shí)她兩歲，分發(fā)了90個(gè)裝有餅干和個(gè)人護(hù)理用品的禮品袋。)”提及Ivy長期堅(jiān)持慈善活動(dòng)，其母親評價(jià)她“thoughtfulandalwaysthinksofothers(考慮周到，總是為他人著想)”。由此可推知她“體貼且堅(jiān)定（Considerateanddetermined.）”。故選B項(xiàng)。C“Learningandmemoryaregenerallyassociatedwithbrainsandbraincellsalone,butourstudyshowsthatothercellsinthebodycanlearnandformmemories,too,”explainsNewYorkUniversity’sNikolayV.Kukushkin,theleadauthorofthestudy,whichappearsinthejournalNatureCommunications.Theresearchtriedtobetterunderstandwhethernon-braincellscanhelpwithmemorybytakingadvantageofawell-knownideainneurosciencecalledthemassed-spacedeffect(間隔效應(yīng)),whichsaysthatpeopleusuallyrememberinformationbetterwhentheystudyatseparatetimesinsteadofallatonceinaconcentratedsession.Scientistsstudiedtwotypesofnon-braincellsinalab.Theyexposedthecellstodifferentchemicalsignalstoreplicatedlearningprocess,whichissimilartohowbraincellsareexposedtoneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì))whenwelearn.Inresponse,thenon-braincellsturnedona“memorygene”—thesamegenethatbraincellsturnonwhentheydetectapatternintheinformationandrestructuretheirconnectionsinordertoformmemories.Tomonitorthememoryandlearningprocess,thescientistsengineeredthesenon-braincellstomakeaglowing(發(fā)光的)protein,whichindicatedwhenthememorygenewasonandwhenitwasoff.Theresultsshowedthatthesenon-braincellscouldtellwhenthechemicalpulses(脈沖),whichimitatedburstsofneurotransmitterinthebrain,weregivenseparatelyratherthansimplyextended.Specifically,whenthepulsesweredeliveredatseparatetimes,theyturnedonthe“memorygene”morestrongly,andforalongertime,thanwhenthesametreatmentwasdeliveredallatonce.“Thisdiscoveryopensnewdoorsforunderstandinghowmemoryworksandcouldleadtobetterwaystoenhancelearningandtreatmemoryproblems,”observesKukushkin.“Meanwhile,itsuggestswewillneedtotreatourbodymorelikethebraininthefuture.Forexample,considerwhatourpancreas(胰腺)remembersaboutthepatternofourpastmealstomaintainhealthylevelsofbloodsugarorconsiderwhatacancercellremembersaboutthepatternofchemotherapy(化療).”28.Whatisthetraditionalbeliefaboutlearningandmemory?A.Non-braincellsplayasignificantroleinmemory.B.Themassed-spacedeffectiscrucialforlearningandmemory.C.Learningandmemoryareassociatedwithallcellsinthebody.D.Onlybrainsandbraincellsarerelatedtolearningandmemory.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replicated”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Copied. B.Reflected.C.Analyzed. D.Abandoned.30.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultsoftheexperiment?A.Thecontinuousdeliveryofchemicalpulsesisbetterformemoryformation.B.The“memorygene”innon-braincellsisalwaysonduringtheexperiment.C.Braincellsaremoresensitivetochemicalpulsesthannon-braincells.D.Non-braincellscandistinguishthepatternofchemicalpulses.31.Whatisthemostlikelytargetfieldforthefutureresearch?A.Learningefficiency. B.Memorycapacity.C.Bodyfunctions. D.Chemicalpulses.【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了非腦細(xì)胞也具備學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““Learningandmemoryaregenerallyassociatedwithbrainsandbraincellsalone,butourstudyshowsthatothercellsinthebodycanlearnandformmemories,too,”explainsNewYorkUniversity’sNikolayV.Kukushkin,theleadauthorofthestudy,whichappearsinthejournalNatureCommunications.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《自然?通訊》雜志上的研究的第一作者、紐約大學(xué)的NikolayV.Kukushkin解釋道：“學(xué)習(xí)和記憶通常只與大腦及腦細(xì)胞相關(guān)，但我們的研究表明，身體里的其他細(xì)胞也能夠?qū)W習(xí)并形成記憶?！?”可知，傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為只有大腦和腦細(xì)胞與學(xué)習(xí)和記憶有關(guān)。故選D。【29題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyexposedthecellstodifferentchemicalsignalstoreplicatedlearningprocess,whichissimilartohowbraincellsareexposedtoneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì))whenwelearn.(他們讓這些細(xì)胞接觸不同的化學(xué)信號來replicated學(xué)習(xí)過程，這類似于我們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)腦細(xì)胞接觸神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的方式。)”可知，類似于我們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)腦細(xì)胞接觸神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的方式，所以此處指復(fù)制學(xué)習(xí)過程，所以replicated意為“復(fù)制”。故選A。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theresultsshowedthatthesenon-braincellscouldtellwhenthechemicalpulses(脈沖),whichimitatedburstsofneurotransmitterinthebrain,weregivenseparatelyratherthansimplyextended.(結(jié)果表明，這些非腦細(xì)胞能夠分辨出模仿大腦中神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)爆發(fā)的化學(xué)脈沖是分別給出的，而不是簡單延長的。)”可知，非腦細(xì)胞能夠區(qū)分化學(xué)脈沖的模式。故選D。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Meanwhile,itsuggestswewillneedtotreatourbodymorelikethebraininthefuture.Forexample,considerwhatourpancreas(胰腺)remembersaboutthepatternofourpastmealstomaintainhealthylevelsofbloodsugarorconsiderwhatacancercellremembersaboutthepatternofchemotherapy(化療).(同時(shí)，這表明我們將來需要像對待大腦一樣對待我們的身體。例如，考慮我們的胰腺如何記住我們過去飲食的模式以維持健康的血糖水平，或者考慮癌細(xì)胞如何記住化療的模式。)”可知，未來研究最有可能針對的領(lǐng)域是身體功能。故選C。DFormorethan75years,Oslo-basedcardealershipHaraldAM?llerhasbeenimportingVolkswagens,butearlyin2024itsaidgoodbyetofossilfuelcars.Nowallthepassengervehiclesforsaleinitsshowroomareelectric(EV).“Wethinkit’swrongtoadviseacustomercominginheretodaytobuyapetrol-poweredcar,becausethefutureiselectric,”sayschiefexecutiveUlfToreHekneby,ashewalksaroundthecarsondisplay.Norwayistheworldleaderwhenitcomestothetake-upofelectriccars,whichlastyearaccountedfor9outof10newvehiclessoldinthecountry.OnthestreetsofNorway’scapital,Oslo,battery-poweredcarsaren’tanovelty,they’recommon.Takealookaroundandyou’llsoonnoticethatalmosteveryothercarhasan“E”for“electric”onitslicenseplate.TheNordicnationof5.5millionpeoplehasadoptedEVsfasterthananyothercountry,andwillsoontobecomethefirsttostopthesaleofnewfossilfuelcars.Lastyear,thenumberofelectriccarsonNorway’sroadsoutnumberedthosepoweredbypetrolforthefirsttime.Whendieselvehicles(柴油車)areincluded,electriccarsaccountforalmostathirdofallonNorwegianroads.Bycontrast,intheUKelectriccarsmadeuponly20%ofnewcarregistrationsin2024.IntheUS,thefigurewasjust8%lastyear,upfrom7.6%.KeytoNorway’ssuccesshasbeenlong-termandpredictablepolicies.Ratherthanbanningfuelfossilvehicles,thegovernmenthasguidedconsumerchoices.Inadditiontohighertaxesandregistrationfeesonpetrol-poweredcars,VAT(增值稅)andimportdutieswerenotimposedonlow-emissioncars.Astringoffavourablepolicies,likefreeparking,discountedroadtollsandaccesstobuslanes,thenfollowed.Tesla,VWandToyota,wereNorway’stop-sellingEVbrandslastyear.Meanwhile,Chinese-ownedbrands—suchasMG,BYD,PolestarandXPeng—nowmakeupacombined10%ofthemarket,accordingtotheNorwegianRoadFederation.Norway,unliketheUSandEU,hasnotimposedtariffs(關(guān)稅)onChineseEVimports.32.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tointroducethemaintopic. B.Toarousereaders’curiosity.C.Togivethebackgroundofthestory. D.ToexplainwhyHaraldAM?llermainlysellsEVs.33.HowdoestheauthorshowthepopularityofEVsinNorway?A.Bystatingopinions. B.Bygivingstatistics.C.Byquotingauthorities. D.Byanalyzingtheprocess.34.WhatcontributedmosttothesuccessinadoptingelectricvehiclesinNorway?A.Abanonfuelfossilvehicles.B.Fullfreedomofconsumerchoices.C.Consistentandstablepoliciesoverthelongrun.D.Highertaxesandregistrationfeesonpetrol-poweredcars.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NorwayonTracktoBeFirsttoGoAll-Electric B.ReasonsBehindtheRiseofElectricVehiclesC.Norway’sTop-sellingEVBrands D.TheFutureofElectricCars【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，概述了挪威在電動(dòng)汽車(EV)領(lǐng)域的全球領(lǐng)先地位及其成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Formorethan75years,Oslo-basedcardealershipHaraldAM?llerhasbeenimportingVolkswagens,butearlyin2024itsaidgoodbyetofossilfuelcars.Nowallthepassengervehiclesforsaleinitsshowroomareelectric(EV).“Wethinkit’swrongtoadviseacustomercominginheretodaytobuyapetrol-poweredcar,becausethefutureiselectric,”sayschiefexecutiveUlfToreHekneby,ashewalksaroundthecarsondisplay.(75年來，總部位于奧斯陸的汽車經(jīng)銷商HaraldAM?ller一直在進(jìn)口大眾汽車，但在2024年初，它告別了化石燃料汽車?，F(xiàn)在，在其展廳銷售的所有乘用車都是電動(dòng)的。“我們認(rèn)為，建議今天來到這里的顧客購買汽油動(dòng)力汽車是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)槲磥硎请妱?dòng)的，”首席執(zhí)行官烏爾夫?托雷?赫克比一邊參觀展出的汽車，一邊表示)”可知，第一段以挪威汽車經(jīng)銷商HaraldAMoller全面轉(zhuǎn)向電動(dòng)車銷售為例，提出挪威電動(dòng)車的普及現(xiàn)象，引出了全文主題：挪威在電動(dòng)車領(lǐng)域的全球領(lǐng)先地位及轉(zhuǎn)型成功，故選A。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TheNordicnationof5.5millionpeoplehasadoptedEVsfasterthananyothercountry,andwillsoontobecomethefirsttostopthesaleofnewfossilfuelcars.(這個(gè)擁有550萬人口的北歐國家采用電動(dòng)汽車的速度比其他任何國家都要快，而且很快將成為第一個(gè)停止銷售新型化石燃料汽車的國家)”；“Bycontrast,intheUKelectriccarsmadeuponly20%ofnewcarregistrationsin2024.IntheUS,thefigurewasjust8%lastyear,upfrom7.6%.(相比之下，在英國，電動(dòng)汽車在2024年僅占新車注冊量的20%。在美國，這一數(shù)字去年僅為8%，高于7.6%)”可知，文中用了大量數(shù)據(jù)展示挪威電動(dòng)車的普及情況，故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“KeytoNorway’ssuccesshasbeenlong-termandpredictablepolicies.(挪威成功的關(guān)鍵在于長期和可預(yù)測的政策)”可知，挪威推廣電動(dòng)汽車取得的成功的秘訣在于持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定的多項(xiàng)政策，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Norwayistheworldleaderwhenitcomestothetake-upofelectriccars,whichlastyearaccountedfor9outof10newvehiclessoldinthecountry.(在電動(dòng)汽車的使用方面，挪威是世界領(lǐng)先的，去年該國銷售的新車中有九成是電動(dòng)汽車)”以及全文圍繞挪威電動(dòng)車普及的領(lǐng)先地位展開，選項(xiàng)A“挪威有望成為第一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)全電動(dòng)化的國家”呼應(yīng)挪威的國家目標(biāo)與實(shí)踐進(jìn)展，涵蓋全文核心，最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Learningmoreaboutapieceoffamousartiseasy,butidentifyinganunknownpaintingcanbetough.____36____.FindingtheartworkquicklyYoucanuseimage-recognitionappsdesignedspecificallyforarttosearchmuseumcatalogues,universitydatabases,andarthistorytexts.Next,doareverse(反向)imagesearchifyouhaveadigitalcopyofthepainting.Copyandpastetheimage’sURLintothesearchenginetofindotherwebsitesdisplayingthesamepainting.____37____.Ifthere’sasignature,searchforitonline.SignatureswererarebeforetheRenaissance.Assessingthecomposition____38____.Theycanofferinsightsontheperiodandstyle.Noticetime-specificelementsinthepaintingtosetabaseline.Besides,therearevariousartisticstylesthroughouthistory.Determiningthestyleisagreatwaytoquicklynarrowdownyoursearch.Youcanalsocheckthecanvasorpaperquality.____39____Inspectthebackofthepaintingfornotesfrompreviousowners.Itmayrevealtheorigin.Also,don’tforgettoobservetheframeonthebackandlookforalabel.Framemanufacturers(制造商)oftenprintacompanynameontheback.Ifthereisaname,contactthemanufacturertolearnmoreabouttheframeitself.Thiscaneffectivelynarrowdownthepainting’sregionandtime.Whetheryoucanidentifyapaintingornot,artisworthyofourtreasuringandpreserving.____40____.Embracingboththeknownandunknowninartdeepensourconnectiontohumancreativityacrosstime.A.Inspectingthenotes.B.Usinglessobviousdetails.C.Thesewebsitescanhelpyougetfurtherinformation.D.However,withpropermethods,youcansolvethemystery.E.Everypaintingcanvividlytellpeoplecertainstoriesofitsera.F.Consultmuseumadministrators,arthistoryprofessors,orgalleryowners.G.Soknowingtheidentityofapaintingisamustforappreciatingitstruevalue.【答案】36.D37.C38.F39.B40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要講述了一些識別未知畫作的方法，包括快速找到藝術(shù)品、評估畫作的構(gòu)成、利用不太明顯的細(xì)節(jié)等，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)了藝術(shù)值得珍視和保護(hù)，無論能否識別畫作，都應(yīng)擁抱藝術(shù)中的已知與未知?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Learningmoreaboutapieceoffamousartiseasy,b