Unit1OurLivingPlanetReading語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)課件-高中英語(yǔ)譯林版（2020）選修第一冊(cè)

Theoceandeep

海洋深處LanguagepointsLanguagepointsPara11.thevastnessofspaceL22.advanceourundersatnding...L233.itisestimatedthat...L44.remainunshakeableL345.unusualgeologicalformationsL66.divetothebottomoftheoceanL7太空的浩瀚無(wú)垠增進(jìn)對(duì)宇宙的了解據(jù)估算仍然不動(dòng)搖不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造潛到海底1.Ourcuriosityaboutouterspacehasremainedunshakeable.我們對(duì)于外太空的好奇心從未動(dòng)搖過。unshakeable

adj.

(abelief,feeling,oropinion)stronglyfeltandunabletobechanged

（信仰、感情、意見）不可動(dòng)搖的，堅(jiān)定不移的①Shehadanunshakeablefaithinhumangoodnessandnaturalhonesty.②Theyaresupportedbyanunshakeablebelief.她堅(jiān)信人的本性是善良誠(chéng)實(shí)的。一種不可動(dòng)搖的信念支持著他們。1.unanswerable2.unbelievable3.unchangeable

4.unimaginable

5.unstoppable

6.unthinkable無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的；無(wú)法回答的令人難以置信的不可改變的難以置信的；不可想象的無(wú)法阻擋的；無(wú)法停止的難以想象的；不可思議的結(jié)構(gòu)類似的詞語(yǔ)aswellasinadditiontosb/sth;too

除……之外；也；還①

Heplaysclassicalmusic,aswellaspopandjazz.②

Theysellbooksaswellasnewspapers.

2.So,ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasundiscoveredandunusualgeologicalformations,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking.where引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句他演奏流行音樂和爵士樂，同時(shí)也演奏古典音樂。他們既賣報(bào)也賣書。所以，如果我們想要發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮的新生命形式，以及未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的和不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，海洋也是我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注的地方。

Sentenceanalysingforbetterunderstanding.Para1DifficultsentencesWelookupwardsandwonderwhatliesbeyondourplanet.Wesendprobesintothevastnessofspacetoexploretheunknown.Webuildspacestationstoadvanceourunderstandingoftheuniverse.Ourcuriosityaboutouterspacehasremainedunshakeable.Meanwhile,itisestimatedthatmorethaneightypercentoftheworld'soceansareunexplored.Welookupwardsandwonderwhatliesbeyondourplanet.Wesendprobesintothevastnessofspacetoexploretheunknown.Webuildspacestationstoadvanceourunderstandingoftheuniverse.Ourcuriosityaboutouterspacehasremainedunshakeable.Meanwhile,itisestimatedthatmorethaneightypercentoftheworld'soceansareunexplored.我們仰望天空，好奇在我們的星球之外有什么。我們向浩瀚的太空發(fā)射空間探測(cè)器以探索未知世界。我們建造空間站以增進(jìn)對(duì)宇宙的了解。我們對(duì)太空的好奇心一直以來(lái)從未動(dòng)搖。同時(shí)，

據(jù)估算，世界上超過80%的海洋還未被探索。So,ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasundiscoveredandunusualgeologicalformations,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking·Thenwhydon'twedivetothebottomofareallydeepoceanandtakealong,closelookbeneaththewavesSo,ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasundiscoveredandunusualgeologicalformations,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking·Thenwhydon'twedivetothebottomofareallydeepoceanandtakealong,closelookbeneaththewaves因此，如果我們想找到令人激動(dòng)的新生物以及未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的、不同尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，海洋也是我們應(yīng)該去尋找的地方。那么，我們?yōu)槭裁床粷摰胶苌畹暮５祝L(zhǎng)時(shí)間地、仔細(xì)地觀察海底呢LanguagepointsPara23

1.inequalmeasureL182.relysolelyontheireyesighttosurviveL223.evolvefascinatingsurvivalcharacteristicsL234.detectslightchangesinwaterpressureL255.avoidbeingcaughtL24察覺水壓的細(xì)微變化僅依靠視覺生存進(jìn)化出神奇的生存特征在同樣程度上避免被捕獲1.Thefirst200metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhat

canbecalledtheopenocean,wheremostvisiblelightexists.(Para.2)我們下潛的頭200米帶我們穿過所謂的透光區(qū)，這里有大部分可見光。visibleadj.可見的，明顯的整句類型為__________，其中，__________引導(dǎo)through之后的__________，并在從句中作__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。whatwhere賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)theopenoceanPara2Difficultsentences2.Sinkingbelow200metres,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusalmostnoplantlife.(Para.2)下潛到200米以下，我們進(jìn)入暮光區(qū)，這里沒有陽(yáng)光，因此幾乎沒有植物。整句類型為__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句where狀語(yǔ)thetwilightzonePara2Difficultsentences3.Alsolivinginthetwilightzonearehunterswithtelescopic,upwardpointingeyesthatcaneasilyspotamealinthewatersabove.①Standingbythelakewasamiddleagedman,whoseemedtobeafarmer.②SeatedatthecentreoftheclassroomwasLily,whowaspractisingChinesecalligraphy.莉莉坐在教室中央，正在練習(xí)中國(guó)書法。主語(yǔ)一位看起來(lái)像農(nóng)民的中年人站在湖邊。主語(yǔ)hunters后面有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)，為了使句子更為平衡，將謂語(yǔ)部分的動(dòng)詞ing形式置于句首，形成倒裝句。同樣生活在暮光區(qū)的還有雙眼凸起向上的獵食者，它們能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)上面水域中的食物。謂語(yǔ)完全倒裝句定語(yǔ)從句修飾主語(yǔ)Para2Difficultsentences4.Consequently,thefishmostlikelytobeeatenhaveevolvedtohavethinbodiessothattheyarelesseasilyseenfrombelow.(Para.2)結(jié)果，最有可能被吃掉的魚已經(jīng)進(jìn)化成細(xì)長(zhǎng)的身體，從下面不太容易看見它們。整句類型為__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，另外，mostlikelytobeeaten是形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾__________。主從復(fù)合句狀語(yǔ)從句sothatthefishconsequentlyadv.結(jié)果，所以belikelytodosth.

有可能做某事Para2Difficultsentences5.Consequently,thefishmostlikelytobeeatenhave

evolvedtohavethinbodiessothattheyarelesseasilyseenfrombelow.因此，最有可能被吃掉的魚已經(jīng)進(jìn)化成纖細(xì)的身體，這樣就不容易從下面看到它們。

evolve

v.Evolution,itseems,helpsboththehunterandthehuntedinequalmeasure!進(jìn)化似乎在同等程度上幫助了獵手和獵物！evolution

n.①Thethreespeciesevolvedfromasingleancestor.

②Whydid

humans

evolve

towalk

upright

這三種生物從同一祖先進(jìn)化而來(lái)。evolvev.todevelopovertime,oftenmanygenerations,intoformsthatarebetteradaptedtosurvivechangesintheirenvironment

進(jìn)化；進(jìn)化形成人類為何進(jìn)化到了直立行走的姿態(tài)？【拓展】evolvev.todevelopgradually,especiallyfromasimpletoamoreplicatedform;todevelopsthinthisway

（使）逐漸形成，逐步發(fā)展，逐漸演變①TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheattic.

②Thepanyhasevolvedintoamajorchemicalmanufacturer.

這種想法是從我在閣樓里發(fā)現(xiàn)的一幅畫得到啟發(fā)的。這家公司已逐步發(fā)展成一個(gè)主要的化工廠。①theevolutionofthehumanspecies

②Darwin'stheoryofevolution③In

the

course

of

evolution,

some

birds

have

lost

the

power

of

flight.

人類的進(jìn)化evolutionn.thegradualdevelopmentofplants,animals,etc.overmanyyearsastheyadapttochangesintheirenvironment

進(jìn)化達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論在進(jìn)化的過程中，一些鳥喪失了飛行能力?！就卣埂縠volutionn.

thegradualdevelopmentofsth

演變；發(fā)展；漸進(jìn)Thespeech

is

about

the

evolution

of

the

puter.

這個(gè)演講是關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷程。①Ourthanksaredueinequalmeasuretoeverymemberoftheteam.②Thecarelessdriverandthedrunkenpedestrian(行人)wereinequalmeasuretoblameforthetrafficaccident.我們同樣感謝每一位隊(duì)員。inequalmeasuretoequalextentordegree

在同樣程度上粗心的司機(jī)和喝醉的行人對(duì)這次交通事故該負(fù)同等的責(zé)任。1.infullmeasure2.innosmall/large/greatmeasure3.insomemeasure最大程度地；最大限度地在很大程度上在某種程度上相似短語(yǔ)practice1.這些改進(jìn)在很大程度上是由于他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有方。Theimprovementsaredueinlargemeasuretohisleadership.2.她的失敗在某種程度上是由于缺乏信心。Hisfailureisinsomemeasureduetolackofconfidence.3.Myexpectationshadbeenmetinfullmeasure.我的期望得到了最大程度的滿足。Translation.Thefirst200metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhatcanbecalledtheopenocean,wheremostvisiblelightexists.Herelivesmuchofthemarinelifeweknowabout,suchasdolphins,coralsandseaweeds.Sinkingbelow200mertes,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusalmostnoplantlife.Mostofthefishlivingherearesmallfilterfeederswhichswimupatnighttofeedinthenutrientrichwatersabove。我們下潛的頭200米帶我們穿過所謂的透光區(qū)，這里有大部分可見光。我們所知的許多海洋生物，如海豚、珊瑚和海藻，生活在這一層。下潛到200米以下，我們進(jìn)入暮光區(qū)，這里沒有陽(yáng)光，因此幾乎沒有植物。生活在此的大多數(shù)魚類都是小型濾食性動(dòng)物，它們?cè)谝归g向上游，到上面營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的水域進(jìn)食。Alsolivinginthetwilightzonearehunterswithtelescopic,upwardpointingeyesthatcaneasilyspotamealinthewatersabove.Consequently,thefishmostlikelytobeeatenhaveevolvedtohavethinbodiessothartheyarclesseasilytobeseenfrombelow.However,oncetheyarecaptured,thehunters’backwardcarvingteethpreventthemfromgettingaway.Evolution,itseems,helpsboththehunterandthehuntedinequalmeasure.同樣生活在暮光區(qū)的還有雙眼凸起向上的獵食者，它們能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)上層水域中的食物。結(jié)果，最有可能被吃掉的魚已經(jīng)進(jìn)化成細(xì)長(zhǎng)的身體，所以從下面不太容易看見它們。然而，一旦它們被捕獲，獵食者向后彎曲的牙齒讓它們無(wú)法逃脫。進(jìn)化似乎在同等程度上幫助了獵人和獵物1. Also,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction,asfisharesoscarceatthesedepthsthatitcanbedifficultforthemtofindamate.此外，一些魚類同時(shí)擁有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)樵谶@樣的深度魚類稀少，以至于它們很難找到配偶。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句Para3Difficultsentences不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)Oncepast1,000metres,wehavereachedthedeepocean,wherethereisnolightandtemperaturesdropjustabovefreezing.Thepressuresarehugeandcanbemorethan100timesthepressureoftheEarth’satmosphere.Itisthensurprisingthatmanycreaturescanliveinthisextremeenvironment.Theycannotrelysolelyontheireyesighttosurviveandhaveevolvedfascinatingcharacteristics.一旦超過1000米，我們就到達(dá)了深海區(qū)，這里沒有光，溫度降至略高于冰點(diǎn)。壓力巨大，可能是地球大氣壓力的100多倍。令人驚奇的是，許多生物可以生活在這種極端的環(huán)境中。它們僅僅依靠視覺無(wú)法生存，因而進(jìn)化出神奇的生存特征Indeed,manyorganismsinthedeepoceanareblind.Inordertoobtainfoodandavoidbeingcaught,theyhavetodependonothersensessuchassmellandtheirabilitytodetectslightchangesinwaterpressure.Also,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction,asfisharesoscarceatthesedepthsthatitcanbedifficultforthemtofindamate.ThefishinthedeepoceanareamongthestrangestcreaturesontheEarth,manyofwhichhaveyettobeproperlystudied.事實(shí)上，深海中的許多生物都是看不見的。為了獲取食物和躲避被捕食，它們不得不依靠其他感官，如嗅覺，和感知水壓微小變化的能力。此外，一些魚類同時(shí)擁有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的可能性，因?yàn)樵谶@樣的深度，魚如此稀少，以至于找配偶對(duì)它們來(lái)說(shuō)很難。深海魚類是地球上最奇怪的生物之一，

其中許多還尚未被充分研究。Para.451.on/upondoingL302.itisthoughtthat...L324.belocatedinL375.beknownasL386.far(adj.)fromL41一…（就…）人們認(rèn)為位于作為……被知道遠(yuǎn)非1.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)整句類型為__________。__________引導(dǎo)_______________，先行詞是______________。主從復(fù)合句限制性定語(yǔ)從句which該句是__________，句子主語(yǔ)是_______________。倒裝句rockbridgesrockbridgesPara4Difficultsentences2.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)的許多奇怪的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造中有橫穿海溝的石橋，有些高度達(dá)到“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”上方2500米?！皊omereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep”為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)，基本形式為“邏輯主語(yǔ)+doing/done/形容詞短語(yǔ)/副詞短語(yǔ)/介詞短語(yǔ)”，即正常的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)去掉be動(dòng)詞，該邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不一致，試比較：①Hespendingmuchtimeplayingputergames,hisperformancebecameworse.②Spendingmuchtimepalyingpoutergames,heperformedworse.花了太多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲，他表現(xiàn)變差了。Para4DifficultsentencesOnreachingtheoceanfloor,wemayseeshrimpsandotherorganismsaroundhydrothermalvents.Theseventsforminvolcanicallyactiveareas,pouringmineralrichfluidsintothesea.Beforethediscoveryofthesecreatures,itwasthoughtthatalllifeontheEarthobtaineditsenergyfromthesun.However,thisdiscoveryhasrevealedthatlifeformscanobtainnutrientsandenergyfromthermalsources.Knowingthatlife35canexistintheseextremeconditionshaschangedscientificopinionaboutthechancesoftherebeinglifeelsewhereintheuniverse.一到達(dá)海底，我們就可能在熱液噴口周圍看到蝦和其他生物。這些噴口形成于火山活動(dòng)頻繁的區(qū)域，噴涌出富含礦物質(zhì)的流體進(jìn)入海洋。在發(fā)現(xiàn)這些生物之前，人們認(rèn)為地球上的所有生命都是從太陽(yáng)獲得能量的。然而，這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了生物可以從熱源獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)和能量。認(rèn)識(shí)到生命可以在這些極端條件下生存，改變了有關(guān)宇宙中其他地方有多大幾率存在生命的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)。①IknowotherFrenchpeopleinadditiontoLoisel.②Theyweregivennoodlesinadditiontobreadandwaterfortheireveningmeal.1.Inadditiontotheventsandremarkableorganisms,wecannotmisstheMarianaTrench,locatedinthenorthwesternpartofthePacificOcean.除了這些出入口和引人注目的生物外，我們不能錯(cuò)過位于太平洋西北部的馬里亞納海溝。inadditionto

usedwhenyouwanttomentionanotherpersonorthingaftersthelse除……以外（還）除了面包和水以外，他們的晚餐還有面條。除了盧瓦澤爾外，我還認(rèn)識(shí)別的法國(guó)人。Inadditiontotheventsandremarkableorganisms,wecannotmisstheMarianaTrench,locatedinthenorthwesternpartofthePacificOcean.Itsdeepestpoint,knownastheChallengerDeep,isnearly11,000metresbelowsealevel.YoucouldplaceMountQomolangmaintheChallengerDeep,anditstopwouldstillbemorethan2,000metresbelowthesurface!Whilethereislittlelifeatsuchgreatdepths,itisfarfromboring.OfthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundherearerockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.。除了熱液噴口和奇異的生物，我們不能錯(cuò)過位于太平洋西北部的馬里亞納海溝。它的最深處，也就是“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”，在海平面以下近11,000米。你不妨把珠穆朗瑪峰放到“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”，山頂仍然在海面下2000多米!雖然在如此深的地方幾乎沒有生命，但一點(diǎn)也不無(wú)聊。在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)的許多奇怪的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造中有橫穿海溝的石橋，有些高度達(dá)到“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”上方2500米。1.Onourjourneydown,wehavebeenfascinatedbyincrediblegeologicalformationsaswellasunexpectedlifeformsthathavebeestangelyadaptedtotheirextremeenvironment.(Para.5)befascinatedby被……吸引/迷住incredible

adj.不可思議的，難以置信的aswellas

以及（AaswellasB作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)A定）adapt(oneself)tosth.適應(yīng)在我們下潛的旅途中，不可思議的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，還有已經(jīng)出奇地適應(yīng)了極端環(huán)境的、出乎意料的生物，令我們心馳神往。整句類型為__________，_____引導(dǎo)_______________，在從句中作________，不能省略，先行詞是__________________。that主從復(fù)合句lifeforms限制性定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)Para5Difficultsentences2.Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore,whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture.(Para.5)整句類型為__________。__________引導(dǎo)kno