閱讀理解推理判斷題滿(mǎn)分對(duì)策-2024屆高考英語(yǔ)題型策略（教師版）

專(zhuān)題7閱讀理解推理判斷題滿(mǎn)分對(duì)策教師版

閱讀理解推理判斷題命題規(guī)律探究

一、推理判斷題解題三步曲

1.定位信息：通過(guò)尋讀找到相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)。

2.字面理解：理解相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)字面意義。

3.深層理解：進(jìn)而理解作者的言外之意。

二、推理判斷題干擾項(xiàng)特征

1.似是而非：只是對(duì)原文信息簡(jiǎn)單重述，而不是依據(jù)文章提供事實(shí)依據(jù)推斷出來(lái)的結(jié)論。

2.夸大事實(shí)：對(duì)文章的事實(shí)或證據(jù)進(jìn)行夸大；有時(shí)，選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文一致無(wú)需推斷。

3.推理過(guò)度：選項(xiàng)往往過(guò)于絕對(duì)化或片面化（以偏概全），有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)。nly,all等詞語(yǔ)。

4.摻入常識(shí)：根據(jù)考生已有常識(shí)是正確的，但不是根據(jù)文章中的證據(jù)推斷出來(lái)的結(jié)論。

三、推理判斷題五大解題技巧

1.抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ)利用逆向思維或正面推理。

2.整合全文（段）信息進(jìn)行推斷。整合與題目相關(guān)的信息，綜合推理判斷定結(jié)論。

3.利用語(yǔ)境的褒貶性進(jìn)行推斷。考慮主人公特定心理和情緒狀態(tài)褒貶性來(lái)推斷。

4.根據(jù)文章的結(jié)論推斷作者的態(tài)度。作者思想傾向和感情色彩隱含在字里行間。

5.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯得出結(jié)論。嚴(yán)格根據(jù)文章中所陳述的事實(shí)論點(diǎn)例證來(lái)推理。

閱讀理解推理判斷題分類(lèi)點(diǎn)撥

題型一：人物態(tài)度推斷題

詞匯點(diǎn)撥：一是樂(lè)觀支持類(lèi)：positive肯定的favorable支持的，贊同的supportive支持的approval贊成

的二是客觀中立類(lèi)：objective客觀的neutral中立的cautious謹(jǐn)慎的三是消極反對(duì)類(lèi)：negative否定

的opposite相反的unfair公正的doubtful懷疑的indifferent漠不關(guān)心的critical批評(píng)的ironic諷刺的。

方法點(diǎn)撥：第一，不要加入自己的態(tài)度。第二，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者在文章中所運(yùn)用詞匯的褒貶性去判斷

作者的態(tài)度，尤其是動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，如wonderfully,successfully,unfortunately,doubtfully等。

典行!I1:Whyisn'tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery（彳亍賄），anddeath.

Frankly,I'msickofallthisbadnews.

1.Thisauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto.

A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform

典例2:Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumorwewouldfindourselveswith

alotofpsychologicalproblems,oronalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Thereistoomuchsadness

inthispresentworld.Itdrivespeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelight

intoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughing

together.

2.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsthepresentworld?

A.PositiveB.CriticalC.SatisfiedD.Indifferent

典例3:Thetheoriesofmodempsychologyhavesteppedintoarguethatwemustunderstandtheneedsofour

children.Childrenarenotjustsmalladults;theyarechildrenwhomustberespectedassuch.

Well,youmaysay,thisisasitshouldbe,andagoodidea.Butthinkfurther.Whathappens?"Education”

becomestheresponsibilitynotofteachers,butofpsychologists.Whathappensthen?

3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthetheoriesofmodempsychology?

A.UninterestedB.TolerantC.SatisfiedD.Critical

典例4:Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasbecomesmaller.Ifsnowa“globalvillage^^

wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfrom

thishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyincreasedbyforeignlanguageskills.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?

A.CriticalB.PrejudicedC.Indifferent.D.Positive

典例5:(2021?新高考全國(guó)ID片段)Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadof

whatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.

Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重視)onemotionby

employers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotional

intelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyserve

peopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

【答案及解析】

l.Ao作者一是想讀者說(shuō)明這份報(bào)紙上指登載負(fù)面新聞，如兇殺行賄受賄、死亡等，二是字里行間留出作者

的抱怨情緒，故選A。

2.Ao從文中最后一段不難看出，作者覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在的世界有太多的悲傷，有時(shí)候甚至可以把人逼瘋，所以作

者對(duì)現(xiàn)在的世界是持一種批判的態(tài)度。

3.Do由最后一段的句子Frequentlythemodernmethodsaresocomplicatedthattheyfailtobeunderstood

bytheteachers,letalonethechildren;可知，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代的方式太復(fù)雜，以至于他們無(wú)法被老師理解，更

不用說(shuō)孩子們。因此推斷作者對(duì)于現(xiàn)代教育方式持批判的態(tài)度。

4.Do根據(jù)文章第一段中And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationequipment

isgreatlyimprovedbyforeignlanguageskills.可以推測(cè)作者對(duì)高科技交流設(shè)備是持積極態(tài)度。

5.Ao觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。依據(jù)''忠于措辭法”。本段含有bene衍ciaLpositive,helped等褒義措辭，由此可推知，

作者對(duì)情商普及化是支持的。故選A。

題型二：文章出處推斷題。

技巧點(diǎn)撥：這類(lèi)問(wèn)題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷其出處：

旅游指南類(lèi)文章(atravelguide)：此類(lèi)文章旨在介紹某一旅游景點(diǎn)的自然景觀和人文特色，目的是吸引

游客來(lái)訪(fǎng)。

廣告英語(yǔ)類(lèi)文章(anadvertisement)：現(xiàn)代生活中廣告無(wú)處不在，英語(yǔ)閱讀理解也是如此。有時(shí)會(huì)考查微

型海報(bào)、通知、啟示、時(shí)刻表、圖表等。

課件展示類(lèi)文章(aclasspresentation)：此類(lèi)文章往往緊扣主題，口語(yǔ)性強(qiáng)、語(yǔ)言活潑，形式新穎，伴隨

有圖片、圖表、文字介紹等信息。

網(wǎng)絡(luò)網(wǎng)頁(yè)類(lèi)文章(anInternetpage)：此類(lèi)文章往往會(huì)提供超級(jí)鏈接標(biāo)志，如Formoreinformation,please

clickhere.

新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)文章(anewsreport)：此類(lèi)文章內(nèi)容廣泛，涉及人物、時(shí)政、教育、體育、科技等，突出新

穎性、突發(fā)性和真實(shí)性。新聞呈“倒金字塔"結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段概括全文內(nèi)容，下面陳述細(xì)節(jié)。

研究報(bào)告類(lèi)文章(aresearchpaper)：此類(lèi)文章重點(diǎn)介紹科技領(lǐng)域最新研究成果：新發(fā)現(xiàn)、新思想、新發(fā)

明。第一段概括介紹，然后分段陳述。文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，句式復(fù)雜。

圖書(shū)評(píng)論類(lèi)文章(abookreview)：書(shū)評(píng)、影評(píng)類(lèi)文章涉及到作者介紹，內(nèi)容梗概、人物性格評(píng)論，寫(xiě)作

特色以及個(gè)人好惡等內(nèi)容。

科普雜志類(lèi)文章(asciencemagazine)：此類(lèi)文章內(nèi)容廣泛，涉及到日常生活習(xí)慣、健康飲食、太空與海

洋、創(chuàng)造與發(fā)明、計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)展、人類(lèi)未來(lái)、動(dòng)物世界等。其重點(diǎn)是普及科學(xué)知識(shí)，提高科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。

典例6:Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby

“Takeonlyasdirected?^^Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.

Toreducepain,taketwotablets（藥片）withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.For

night-timeandearlymorningrelief（緩解疼痛）taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtablets

intwenty-fourhours.

Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyour

doctor'sadvice.

Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.

6.Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma.

A.textbookB.newsreel（新聞電影）C.doctor'snotebookD.bottleofmedicine

典例7:Wanttoknowmoreaboutglobalwarmingandhowyoucanhelppreventit?DoctorHermanFriedman,

whoisconsideredaleadingexpertonthesubject,willspeakatGraysonHallnextFriday.Friedmanstudied

environmentalscienceatthreewell-knownuniversitiesaroundtheworldbeforebecomingaprofessorinthe

subject.Hehasalsotraveledaroundtheworldobservingenvironmentalconcerns.Thegradualbleaching（變

白）oftheGreatBarrierReef,whichcameintothepubliceyein2002,ishislatestinterest.Signedcopiesof

hiscolorfulbook,whichwaspublishedjustlastmonth,willbeonsaleafterhistalk.

7.Thispassageismostprobably.

A.aposteraboutalecture

B.anadforanewbook

C.anotetoadoctorinauniversity

D.anintroductiontoaprofessor

典例8:（2021全國(guó)乙卷A篇）ATakeaview,theLandscape（風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheidea

ofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday*smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshas

shownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.

TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.

MikeShepherd（2011）SkiddawinWinterCumbria,England

TimothySmith（2014）MacclesfieldForestCheshire,England

8.Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Inahistorybook.B.Inanovel.C.Inanartmagazine.D.Inabiography.

典例9:（2023新課標(biāo)III卷C篇片段）ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject一

thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimageofthe

readerappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobeing.Inartists5

representationsofbooksandreading,weseemomentsofsharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.

9.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anintroductiontoabook.

B.Anessayontheartofwriting.

C.Aguidebooktoamuseum.

D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.

【答案及解析】

6.A。若撇開(kāi)第一自然段不看，那么此題選D也完全可以，但正因?yàn)橛辛说谝蛔匀欢芜@個(gè)說(shuō)明（“你能讀懂

藥瓶上的說(shuō)明嗎?你理解Takeonlyasdirected.的意思嗎?讀讀下面的說(shuō)明看看你是否能理解它們"），所以要

選Ao

7.Ao文章主要圍繞DoctorHermanFriedman在globalwarming方面的talk展開(kāi)，故本段是關(guān)于一個(gè)

主旨演講的海報(bào)。

8.Co推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsarethe

perfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirable

annualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.”（每年參賽作品的高水準(zhǔn)表明,

該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)是展示英國(guó)風(fēng)景最佳攝影作品的完美平臺(tái)。對(duì)于英國(guó)和世界各地的攝影師來(lái)說(shuō)，Takeaview是一項(xiàng)

令人向往的年度競(jìng)賽）結(jié)合下文對(duì)兩位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呒捌渥髌返慕榻B，可知這篇文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takea

view以及獲獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況，最可能出現(xiàn)在一本藝術(shù)雜志上。

9.Bo推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第一段"ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofan

everydayobject一thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundthe

world.（ReadingArt:ArtforBookLovers這一活動(dòng)是為書(shū)籍這一日常物品辦的典禮，這里有來(lái)自世界各地

博物館的近三百件藝術(shù)品）”以及倒數(shù)第二段"Beforethewideuseoftheprintingpress,booksweretreasured

objectsandcouldbeworksofartintheirownright.（在印刷機(jī)廣泛使用之前，書(shū)籍是珍貴的物品，它們本身

就可以成為藝術(shù)品）”可推知，本文最有可能出自一篇關(guān)于著作藝術(shù)的文章。故選B。

類(lèi)型三、預(yù)測(cè)下段推斷題

技巧點(diǎn)撥：1）從第一段入手。實(shí)用類(lèi)說(shuō)明文只要考生把握好第一段即主題段內(nèi)容，順藤摸瓜，即可推斷

下段內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是主題段中尚未提及的內(nèi)容。2）從最后一段入手。有時(shí)候，作者在最后一段提到一個(gè)話(huà)題，

但是沒(méi)有充分說(shuō)明，因此需要在下一段就此問(wèn)題深入分析、論述或討論。所以考生學(xué)會(huì)依據(jù)最后一段甚

至最后一句話(huà)進(jìn)行推斷也不失為明智選擇。

典例10:Yogaisanancientpracticethathelpscreateasenseofunioninbody,mindandspirit.Itbringsus

balance.Afteralongtimeofpracticeyoga,younolongerjustpracticeityouliveit.

Yogabecomespartofyourphysicallife.Yourbodygrowsstronger,moretoned,andmoreflexibleasyou

movefromoneasanaorpose-toanother...

Yogabecomespartofyourmentallife.Yogateachesyoutofocusonbreathingwhileyouholdtheposes.

Thisattentiontobreathiscalming;itdissolvesstressandanxiety...

10.Whatwillbetalkedaboutifthispassagecontinues?

A.Yogabecomingpartofyourspirituallife.

B.Yogabecomingpopularallovertheworld.

C.Thedisadvantagesofyoga.

D.Encouragingpeopletodoyoga.

典例11:Duringthecourse1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhen

coalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnot

lastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercoasts.Today,thereisaglobalmovementto

supplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.

11.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Theadvantageofwindpower.

B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.

C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.

D.Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.

典例12:Giventheknownpsychologicalbenefits,manyday-carecentersandschoolsarealreadyencouraging

greatercontactwithnature-withoutdoorlessons,regularnaturewalksandtheconstructionofmudkitchensthat

encouragechildrentoplayinthedirt.

12.Whatwilltheauthorbelikelytotalkaboutnext?

A.Morebenefitsofoutdoorplays.

B.Furtherstudyonbodysignals.

C.Manyskillsofplayingdirt.

D.Detailedinformationonmudkitchens.

典例13:（2023全國(guó)乙卷篇）Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5Britonssaythatwatching

cookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawider

varietyofingredients（酉己料）thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthan

before.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookery

knowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK'sobsession（癡迷）with

foodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmore

oftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTYit'snolonger"uncool“forboystolikecooking.

13.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?

A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.

B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.

C.TablemannersintheUK.

D.Studiesofbigeaters.

【答案及解析】

10.AoYogaisanancientpracticethathelpscreateasenseofunioninbody,mindandspirit?文章第——句點(diǎn)名

瑜伽三大好處；第二三段分別提及body,mind,最后一段應(yīng)該談?wù)搒pirit。

11.Do根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句"Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofour

electricitythroughtheuseofwind.”可以推斷下一步就要涉及風(fēng)能在全世界的開(kāi)發(fā)利用趨勢(shì)，即"Theglobal

trend（趨勢(shì)）towardsproducingpowerfromwind."。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

12.Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Giventheknownpsychologicalbenefits,manyday-carecentersand

schoolsarealreadyencouraginggreatercontactwithnature-withoutdoorlessons,regularnaturewalksand

theconstructionofmudkitchensthatencouragechildrentoplayinthedirt.（鑒于已知的心理益處，許多日

托中心和學(xué)校已經(jīng)在鼓勵(lì)更多的人去接觸自然——戶(hù)外課程、定期的自然散步和建造泥廚房，鼓勵(lì)孩子們

在泥土中玩耍）”可推知，接下來(lái)作者可能會(huì)談?wù)撽P(guān)于泥廚房的詳細(xì)信息。故選D。

13.Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句"WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,ifsnolonger

“uncool”forboystolikecooking."（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”

的事了。）可知，接下來(lái)，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語(yǔ)義連貫。故選B。

類(lèi)型四、寫(xiě)作目的推斷題

技巧點(diǎn)撥：寫(xiě)作目的通常有以下三種：（1）toentertainreaders（娛樂(lè)讀者，讓人發(fā)笑）tomakepeoplelaugh;

totellaninterestingexperience（2）topersuadereaders（說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)）tosellaproductoraservice;

toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience（3）toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）多見(jiàn)于科普類(lèi)、新聞

報(bào)道類(lèi)、文化類(lèi)或社會(huì)類(lèi)的文章。

典例14:“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewater

andfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupatthe

UniversityofEdinburgh.6tThereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves/5hesaid.

14.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto.

A.testthereaders9knowledgeaboutwaves

B.drawthereaders9attentiontothetopic

C.showJamieTaylor'simportance

D.invitethereaderstoanswerthem

典例15:AyoungmanfromavillagecalledNawalapitiyamarriedayoungwomanfromMaliyuwa,anearby

village.Theylivedwiththeman'sbigfamily--hisparents,hisbrothers,theirwivesandchildren.Thefamily

keptanelephant,inwhichtheyoungwomansoontookagreatinterest.Everydayshefeditwithfruitand

sugar.

Threemonthslaterthewomanwentbacktoherparents'home,havingquarreledwithherhusband.Soon

theelephantrefusedtoeatorwork.Itappearedtobeillandheart-broken.Onemorningafterseveralweeks

theanimaldisappearedfromthehouse.

Itwenttothewoman*shome.Onseeingher,theelephantwaveditstrunkandtouchedherwithit.Theyoung

womanwassomovedbytheactoftheanimalthatshereturnedtoherhusband'shome.

15.Thewriterwrotethestoryinorderto.

A.showthatelephantsareveryclever

B.tellhowawomantrainedawildanimal

C.showthatwomencaremoreforanimalsthanmendo

D.tellhowananimalreunitedahusbandandwife

典例16:Coldweathercanbehardonpets,justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthat

theirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter（住所）astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutside

foralongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindanger

ofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.

Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stay

outsidewiththem.Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside,theyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethem

outsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthewind,thickbedding,andplenty

ofnon->-frozenwater.

16.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tosolveaproblem.

B.Togivepracticaladvice.

C.Totellaninterestingstory.

D.Topresentaresearchresult.

典例16:Earthquakemayberankedasoneofthemostdisastrousforcesknowntoman:sincerecordbeganto

bewrittendown,ithasbeenestimated（估計(jì)）thatearthquake-relateddeathshavenumberedinthemillions,

andthatearthquake-relatedlosshasbeenbeyondcalculation...

Thegreatmajorityofallearthquakeoccurredintwoparticularareasinhistory...

Itisdoubtfulthatmanwillbeeverbeabletocontrolearthquakesandgetridoftheirdamagealtogether.

Butashowandwhyearthquakeshappenbecomebetterunderstood,manwillbecomemoreandmoreableto

dealwiththeirpossibledamagebeforetheyoccur.

17.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageprobablyisto.

A.informthereader

B.entertainthereader

C.supportatheory

D.questionatheory

【答案及解析】

14.B?作者在文章開(kāi)頭提出問(wèn)題讓讀者思考，或者簡(jiǎn)單介紹與主題有關(guān)的其他事物，往往都是為了引出主題

9

（todrawthereadersattentiontothetopic/toserveasanintroductiontothediscussion）o

15.Do根據(jù)Theyoungwomanwassomovedbytheactoftheanima.Soshewentbacktoherhusband's

home聯(lián)系全篇內(nèi)容可知這篇短文主要講述了一頭通人性的大象讓一對(duì)吵架的夫婦重歸于好的故事.所以D

選項(xiàng)是正確的。

16.Bo第一段最后一句點(diǎn)明了文章中心話(huà)題，再根據(jù)本文內(nèi)容可知，本文意在提供實(shí)用性建議。

17.A?文章第一段介紹地震給人類(lèi)造成的巨大危害，第二段分析地震頻發(fā)的地方，第三段分析地震預(yù)防方

面的前景，因此可以推斷寫(xiě)作目的不是娛樂(lè)，也不是就某一理論提出質(zhì)疑，而是給讀者提供一些信息，教

育讀者。因此本題最佳答案是A。

閱讀理解推理判斷題片段訓(xùn)練

犧！J試1:Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisa

matterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitis

bettertobesafethansorry.

1.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumers?

A.Price.B.Safety.C.Freshness.D.Variety.

測(cè)試2:Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenless

comingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（聯(lián)

系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelieve

that10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000

languagesbetweenthem.

2.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

雙!］試3:"IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmostten

years?"saysGin.*Tvebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccess

totheirlivingenvironment.Idon'tseeitasalawlessland.Butratherseeitasanareaoffreedom."

3.WhatisGin'sattitudetowardsthelivesoftheindigenousGuianese?

A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.

C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.

雙！J試4:“Youcanusemeasalastresort（選擇），andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit."Thiswasan

actualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids9lacrosse（長(zhǎng)曲棍球）club.

4.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?

A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.

B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.

C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.

D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.

測(cè)試5:Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch“fourtimes

usingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedon

howtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardto

commercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketin

thenearfuture.

5.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

測(cè)試6:Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenoneday

toraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaysthe

projectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）

aboutthemselves.

6.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto.

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths

B.assessstudents'publicspeakingskills

C.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs

D.inspirestudents5loveforpolitics

【答案與解析】

1.Bo推理判斷題。文章最后一段尾句However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry“有

機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為安全總比后悔好”，可推知，機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者主要關(guān)注安全，故選B。

2.Bo推理判斷題。由hunter-gatherertimes定位到第一自然段，根據(jù)whentheworldhadjustfivetoten

millionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12001anguagesbetweenthem.可是當(dāng)時(shí)人少，但是語(yǔ)言很多。故答案是

Bo

3.Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句"IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihave

workedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears,”我對(duì)法國(guó)Guianese人有一個(gè)特殊的愛(ài)。我在那里工作了將近

十年了。所以他對(duì)法國(guó)Guianese人是贊賞的。

4.Co推理判斷題?！癥oucanusemeasalastresort（選擇），andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”

這位家長(zhǎng)不情愿做志愿者工作，因此答案C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.

5.Do推理判斷題。解析：本段關(guān)鍵字technology所以介紹科技類(lèi)文章比較可能選自雜志，因此選擇D.A

magazine.（當(dāng)然本文綜合全文更好。）

6.Ao推理判斷題。Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.He

wantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)夸耀自己，所以選擇Ahelp

studentsseetheirownstrengths（長(zhǎng)處，優(yōu)點(diǎn)。）

閱讀理解推理判斷題片段語(yǔ)篇訓(xùn)練

強(qiáng)化1:（2023新課標(biāo)I卷C篇）Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includinga

detailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyou

decideifsrightforyou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwill

thenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitsto

thethingsyouvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,rilguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'll

drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llhear

theseparticipants?storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyou

shouldavoid.

Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate（培養(yǎng)）asustainable

digitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude（獨(dú)處）andthe

necessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapter

concludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcan

viewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsforyourparticular

circumstances.

8.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter“inparagraph3mean?

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.

10.Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?

A.Theoreticalmodels.B.Statisticalmethods.

C.Practicalexamples.D.Historicalanalyses.

11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?

A.Usethemasneeded.B.Recommendthemtofriends.

C.Evaluatetheireffects.D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.

【答案】8.B9.A10.Cll.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字生活方式。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includinga

detailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyif

youdecideifsrightforyou.（這本書(shū)的目標(biāo)是為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義辯護(hù)，包括詳細(xì)探索它的要求和為什么有效，

然后如果你認(rèn)為它適合你，教你如何采用這種哲學(xué)）”可知，這本書(shū)的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字生活方式。故

選B。

9.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesfor

thirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonline

activitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.（這個(gè)過(guò)程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)

離可選的在線(xiàn)活動(dòng)。在30天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，你再加上一些你認(rèn)為會(huì)給你所看重的東西帶來(lái)巨大好處的精心挑

選的在線(xiàn)活動(dòng)）”可推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞“declutter”的意思是“清理”，對(duì)在線(xiàn)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行清理和挑選。故選A。

10.推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第四段“Inthefinalchapterofpartone,Filguideyouthroughcarryingoutyour

owndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreed

toperformadigitaldechitter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，我將指導(dǎo)您進(jìn)行自己的數(shù)字清理。在這樣做的過(guò)

程中，我將借鑒我在2018年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，1600多人同意進(jìn)行數(shù)字清理）”可推知，第一部

分的最后一章介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)與數(shù)字清理的實(shí)際例子。故選C。

1L推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段"Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortsto

buildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsforyourparticularcircumstances.（你可以將這些實(shí)踐視為一個(gè)工具

箱，旨在幫助你建立一種適合自己特定情況的極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式）”可推知，作者建議讀者根據(jù)需要與實(shí)際

情況使用第二部分中提及的實(shí)踐。故選A。

強(qiáng)化2:（2022新課標(biāo)I卷D篇）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"

and“a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?

Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatare

nowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas"f'

and"v",weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchersledby

DamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（對(duì)齊），makingit

hardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschanged

toanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasc