《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）》課件-Chapter 5 邊緣計(jì)算與定位技術(shù)

1.邊緣計(jì)算概述工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）OverviewofEdgeComputing01邊緣計(jì)算的概念和特征02邊緣計(jì)算的發(fā)展歷程目錄CONTENTS03邊緣計(jì)算與云計(jì)算的比較01PART邊緣計(jì)算的概念和特征ConceptandCharacteristicsofEdgeComputing邊緣計(jì)算定義

DefinitionofEdgeComputing邊緣計(jì)算為一種新興的計(jì)算模式，它通過(guò)在接近數(shù)據(jù)源的邊緣節(jié)點(diǎn)上進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速響應(yīng)和智能服務(wù)。Edgecomputingisanemergingcomputingmode,whichachievesrapidresponseandintelligentservicesbyprocessingdataattheedgenodesclosetothedatasource.01PART邊緣計(jì)算的概念和特征ConceptandCharacteristicsofEdgeComputing邊緣計(jì)算特征

FeaturesofEdgeComputing數(shù)據(jù)處理實(shí)時(shí)性Real-timeDataProcessing業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)可靠性ReliabilityofBusinessData應(yīng)用開發(fā)多樣性DiversityinApplicationDevelopment01020302PART邊緣計(jì)算的發(fā)展歷程DevelopmentHistoryofEdgeComputing2009

年，馬哈德夫·薩蒂亞那拉亞南等提出了基于微云的體系架構(gòu)In2009,MahadevSatyanarayananandothersproposedanarchitecturebasedonmicro-clouds.420世紀(jì)90年代，Akamai公司首次提出了內(nèi)容分發(fā)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的概念I(lǐng)nthe1990s,AkamaiCompanyfirstproposedtheconceptofContentDeliveryNetwork.12012年，思科公司提出了霧計(jì)算的概念I(lǐng)n2012,Ciscoproposedtheconceptoffogcomputing.51997年，邊緣計(jì)算成功應(yīng)用于移動(dòng)技術(shù)的語(yǔ)音識(shí)別In1997,edgecomputingwassuccessfullyappliedtospeechrecognitioninmobiletechnology.22006年，亞馬遜首次提出彈性計(jì)算云的概念I(lǐng)n2006,AmazonfirstproposedtheconceptofElasticComputeCloud.32014年，歐洲電信標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)會(huì)（ETSI）推動(dòng)邊緣計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。In2014,theEuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute(ETSI)promotedthestandardizationofedgecomputing.602PART邊緣計(jì)算的發(fā)展歷程DevelopmentHistoryofEdgeComputing分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)模型DistributedDatabaseModel點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)模型Peer-to-PeerModelCDN模型CDNModel移動(dòng)邊緣計(jì)算模型MobileEdgeComputingModel霧計(jì)算模型FogComputingModel海云計(jì)算模型Sea-CloudComputingModel03PART邊緣計(jì)算與云計(jì)算的比較ComparisonbetweenEdgeComputingandCloudComputing比較內(nèi)容邊緣計(jì)算云計(jì)算架構(gòu)分布式集中式目標(biāo)應(yīng)用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)或移動(dòng)應(yīng)用一般互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用服務(wù)器節(jié)點(diǎn)的位置邊緣網(wǎng)絡(luò)（如網(wǎng)關(guān)、Wi-Fi接入點(diǎn)、蜂窩基站等）數(shù)據(jù)中心客戶端與服務(wù)器的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)無(wú)線局域網(wǎng)、4G/5G等廣域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)延遲低高實(shí)時(shí)性高低可服務(wù)的設(shè)備（用戶）數(shù)量數(shù)十億數(shù)百萬(wàn)提供的服務(wù)類型基于本地的信息基于全局的信息位置感知支持不支持小結(jié)邊緣計(jì)算的發(fā)展歷程邊緣計(jì)算與云計(jì)算的比較邊緣計(jì)算的概念和特征在未來(lái)的發(fā)展中，邊緣計(jì)算將面臨哪些挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇Inthefuturedevelopment,edgecomputingwillfaceseveralchallengesandopportunities

Questions2.邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）ReferenceArchitectureforEdgeComputing01邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)概述02邊緣計(jì)算的不同視圖目錄CONTENTS01PART邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)概述OverviewoftheReferenceArchitectureforEdgeComputing邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)是一個(gè)用于指導(dǎo)邊緣計(jì)算系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)和部署的框架。它定義了邊緣計(jì)算系統(tǒng)的組成部分、它們之間的關(guān)系以及與外部環(huán)境的交互方式。邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)的目標(biāo)是提供一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的、可擴(kuò)展的框架，以支持不同應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景下的邊緣計(jì)算需求。Thereferencearchitectureforedgecomputingisaframeworkusedtoguidethedesign,development,anddeploymentofedgecomputingsystems.Itdefinesthecomponentsoftheedgecomputingsystem,theirrelationships,andthewaytheyinteractwiththeexternalenvironment.Thegoalofthereferencearchitectureforedgecomputingistoprovideaunifiedandscalableframeworktosupporttheedgecomputingrequirementsindifferentapplicationscenarios.01PART邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)概述OverviewoftheReferenceArchitectureforEdgeComputing邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)3.0ReferenceArchitecture3.0forEdgeComputing02PART邊緣計(jì)算的不同視圖DifferentViewsofEdgeComputing使用視圖UsageView商業(yè)視圖BusinessView功能視圖FunctionalView部署視圖DeploymentView多視圖呈現(xiàn)Multi-ViewPresentation小結(jié)邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)概述邊緣計(jì)算的不同視圖如何結(jié)合具體業(yè)務(wù)場(chǎng)景及新興技術(shù)（如人工智能和5G）優(yōu)化邊緣計(jì)算參考架構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)更高效創(chuàng)新的解決方案？HowtooptimizetheedgecomputingreferencearchitecturebycombiningspecificbusinessscenariosandemergingtechnologieslikeAIand5Gformoreefficientandinnovativesolutions?Questions3.邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）ApplicationofEdgeComputingintheIndustrialInternet01工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)邊緣計(jì)算的需求02邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)目錄CONTENTS03邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景01PART工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)邊緣計(jì)算的需求TheDemandforEdgeComputingintheIndustrialInternet促進(jìn)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的融合PromotetheIntegrationoftheIndustrialInternetand5GNetworks提升工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行效率EnhancetheOperatingEfficiencyoftheIndustrialInternet提高工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息整合水平ImprovetheInformationIntegrationLeveloftheIndustrialInternet為工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供支持ProvideSupportforRelevantStandardsoftheIndustrialInternet02PART邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)ApplicationCharacteristicsofEdgeComputingintheIndustrialInternet特點(diǎn)Characteristic01連接性Connectivity02數(shù)據(jù)第一入口FirstEntryPointofData03約束性Constraint04分布性Distributivity05融合性Convergence03PART邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景ApplicationScenariosofEdgeComputingintheIndustrialInternet預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù)PredictiveMaintenance質(zhì)量控制QualityControl裝備效能評(píng)估EquipmentEfficiencyEvaluation產(chǎn)量?jī)?yōu)化OutputOptimization車間優(yōu)化WorkshopOptimization供應(yīng)鏈分析SupplyChainAnalysis人員安全PersonnelSafety小結(jié)邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)邊緣計(jì)算在工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)邊緣計(jì)算的需求如何推動(dòng)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與邊緣計(jì)算的深度融合，從而達(dá)成更高效智能的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)與管理目標(biāo)HowtopromotethedeepintegrationoftheindustrialInternetandedgecomputingtoachievemoreefficientandintelligentindustrialproductionandmanagementgoals

Questions4.室外定位技術(shù)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）OutdoorPositioningTechnology定位技術(shù)Positioningtechnology定位技術(shù)，采用聲光、無(wú)線電等方式對(duì)目標(biāo)當(dāng)前位置信息獲取的技術(shù)手段。企業(yè)獲取工廠內(nèi)外的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)要素的實(shí)時(shí)位置信息，就需要通過(guò)定位技術(shù)來(lái)進(jìn)行管理，使追蹤物體所在位置信息更加精準(zhǔn)。Positioningtechnologyisatechnicalmethodthatgenerallyusessound,light,radio,etc.toobtainthecurrentlocationinformationofthetarget.Formanufacturingcompanies,itisveryimportanttoobtainreal-timelocationinformationofindustrialproductionfactorsinsideandoutsidethefactory.Itneedstobemanagedbypositioningtechnologytomakethelocationinformationoftrackedobjectsmoreaccurate.AGV自動(dòng)搬運(yùn)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)AGVautomaticguidedvehicles室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)indoorpositioningtechnology室外定位技術(shù)outdoorpositioningtechnology定位技術(shù)Positioningtechnology室外定位技術(shù)Outdoorpositioningtechnology室外定位系統(tǒng)，以全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)GNSS最為成熟。主要有美國(guó)的GPS系統(tǒng)、中國(guó)的北斗BDS系統(tǒng)、俄羅斯的GLONASS系統(tǒng)、歐盟的Galileo系統(tǒng)。Foroutdoorpositioningtechnology,theglobalnavigationsatellitesystemGNSSisthebest,mainlyincludingtheGPSsystemoftheUnitedStates,theBeidouBDSsystemofChina,theGLONASSsystemofRussia,andtheGalileosystemoftheEuropeanUnion.（1）GPS系統(tǒng)（1）GPSsystem（2）BDS系統(tǒng)（2）BDSsystem（3）GLONASS系統(tǒng)（3）GLONASSsystem（4）Galileo系統(tǒng)（4）GalileosystemGPS定位基本原理，是根據(jù)高速運(yùn)動(dòng)衛(wèi)星的瞬間位置作為已知的起算數(shù)據(jù)，采用空間距離后方交會(huì)的方法，確定待測(cè)點(diǎn)的位置。ThebasicprincipleofGPSistousetheinstantaneouspositionofthehigh-speedmovingsatelliteastheknownstartingdataandthemethodofresectioninthespacedistancetodeterminethepositionofthepointtobemeasured.室外定位技術(shù)有哪些受影響因素？Whatfactorsaffectoutdoorpositioningtechnology?Questions5.室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）IndoorPositioningTechnology常見室內(nèi)定位Commonindoorpositioningtechnology藍(lán)牙定位Bluetoothpositioning藍(lán)牙定位BluetoothpositioningWi-Fi定位Wi-FipositioningWi-Fi定位Wi-FipositioningUWB定位UWBpositioningUWB定位UWBpositioningZigBee定位ZigBeepositioningZigBee定位ZigBeepositioning紅外線定位Infraredpositioning紅外線定位，以紅外線電子標(biāo)簽作為信源，通過(guò)室內(nèi)安裝的多個(gè)紅外傳感器進(jìn)測(cè)量信號(hào)源的距離或角度，從而計(jì)算出定位對(duì)象所在的位置。Infraredpositioningtakesinfraredelectronictagsastheinformationsource,andmeasuresthedistanceorangleofthesignalsourcethroughmultipleinfraredsensorsinstalledindoors,soastotolocateofthepositioningobject.超聲波定位Ultrasonicpositioning超聲波定位，通過(guò)室內(nèi)安裝的多個(gè)超聲波揚(yáng)聲器進(jìn)行超聲波發(fā)射，定位對(duì)象的麥克風(fēng)檢測(cè)不同超聲波到達(dá)的時(shí)間差，推測(cè)出定位對(duì)象的位置信息。Ultrasonicpositioningtransmitsultrasonicwavesthroughmultipleultrasonicspeakersinstalledindoors,andthemicrop