Unit5 主課文 泛讀 精讀 煙臺(tái)市中英文學(xué)校課件

Period1

Startingout&Understandingideasanswerthecallfirstchoice

what'smorebeadisgraceto

ofalltimeinquestiongivesbthechancetodosthbecrowdedwithcometoexistadaptto

inspiresbtodosthavarietyoftheanswerto...key,attitude,approach,solution,answer14convincesbofsthTask1Speakloudlyanddictation5mins

1.響應(yīng)號(hào)召

2.第一選擇3.更重要的是，而且4.是恥辱，是丟臉的事5.有史以來(lái)6.正在被討論的，考慮中的7.給某人做某事的機(jī)會(huì)8.擠滿，充滿9.開始存在（comeintobeing形成，產(chǎn)生）10.適應(yīng)（beadaptedfrom改編自...）n.adaptation11.激勵(lì)某人做某事12.各種各樣的（differentkindsof)13.的答案（后加介詞to的名詞有：）14.使某人信服某事StartingoutLearningaims1.Finishtheleadingquestionsandthemainideaofeachparagraph(skimming)2.Theorganizationofthepassage3.Masterthegrammarandphrasepointsofthepassage(scanning)StartingoutHowdidDarwinmakehisdiscoveriesandconcludehistheory?StartingoutAJourneyofDiscoveryStartingoutTheBritishbiologist,

naturalistandthefounderofTheoryofEvolution.Inhisearlyyears,hesailedaroundtheworldontheBeagleforfiveyears,andobservedandcollectedalotofanimals,plantsandgeologicalstructures.HepublishedtheOriginofSpeciesandputforwardthetheoryofbiologicalevolution,thusdestroyingallkindsofidealisticcreationismandspeciesinvariance.Inadditiontobiology,histheoryhasgreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofanthropology,psychologyandphilosophy.Engelslisted"TheoryofEvolution"asoneofthethreemajordiscoveriesofnaturalscienceinthe19thcentury(theothertwoarecelltheoryandthelawofconservationandtransformationofenergy),whichhasmadeoutstandingcontributionstomankind英國(guó)的生物學(xué)家，自然學(xué)家和進(jìn)化論的奠基人。早年乘坐貝格爾號(hào)艦作了歷時(shí)5年的環(huán)球航行，對(duì)動(dòng)植物和地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)等進(jìn)行了大量的觀察和采集。出版《物種起源》，提出了生物進(jìn)化論學(xué)說(shuō)，從而摧毀了各種唯心的神造論以及物種不變論。除了生物學(xué)外，他的理論對(duì)人類學(xué)、心理學(xué)、哲學(xué)的發(fā)展都有不容忽視的影響。恩格斯將“進(jìn)化論”列為19世紀(jì)自然科學(xué)的三大發(fā)現(xiàn)之一（其他兩個(gè)是細(xì)胞學(xué)說(shuō)、能量守恒轉(zhuǎn)化定律），對(duì)人類有杰出的貢獻(xiàn)。CharlesRobertDarwinFeb12th,1809—Apr19th,1882Startingout閱讀技巧Thispassageisahistoricalexpositoryessay,inwhichDarwin'sjourneyofdiscoveryisdescribedinchronologicalorder.Thiskindofessayisusuallyusedtotellaboutaspecificpersonorevent.Soit'sconvenienttopresentallthefactsfromearliertothelaterandit'smoreunderstandableforthereaders.Step1.ThebeginningofthestoryStep2.Themaineventsinsequential/chronologicalorderStep3.TheendingofthestoryRemember:Don'tjumpformonethingtoanotherinthepastbutmoveinsequentialorder.Startingout1.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Darwin'sinterestinvariouslivingthingsmadehimagreatnaturalist.B.Darwin'sjourneyontheBeagleinspiredhisTheoryofEvolution.C.Darwinwentonajourneytoconfirmhistheorythathumanshadevlovedovertime.D.DarwinmadehisTheoryofEvolutionthoughhewasn'tthoughthighlyofatfirst.1.WhatdoweknowaboutCharlesDarwinformthefirstparagraph?A.Hisfatherwasdisappointedabouthim.B.Hewasn'tinterestedinhislessonsatcollege.C.HeknewthecaptainoftheBeagleverywell.D.Hewantedtotravelaroundtheworldbyship.2.WhatwasCharlesDarwininterestedin?A.Travellingaroundtheworld.B.LivingthingsonEarth.C.Communicatingwithothers.D.Doingresearchonresources.3.Fromthesixthparagraph,whatwasCharelesDarwinbravetodo?A.Totravelaloneinthemountains.B.Tofightagainstotherpeople.C.Toexpresshisownideas.D.Toinspireotherstotellthetruth.4.WhatdidCharlesDarwinbasehistheoryon?A.Doingexperiments.B.Scientificresearch.C.Traditionalbeliefs.D.Famoussayings.5.Whatdoesthistextmainlytellusabout?A.WhypeoplerespectCharlesDarwinsomuch.B.WhyCharlesDarwinwasinterestedinlivingthings.C.HowluckyCharlesDarwinwasinhisearlyyears.D.HowCharlesDarwin'sTheoryofEvolutioncameout.Task2Readthepassageandfinishthefollowingexerciseandactivity3onpage52StartingoutThecaptainoftheship,the

Beagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”.Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.What’smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.貝格爾號(hào)的船長(zhǎng)想要招募這樣一名船員，這名船員將能“借此機(jī)會(huì)訪問(wèn)遙遠(yuǎn)而鮮為人知的國(guó)家并從中受益”。然而來(lái)應(yīng)聘的人并不是船長(zhǎng)心中的理想人選。這個(gè)年輕人從醫(yī)學(xué)院肄業(yè)，并且在他剛收到父親的來(lái)信，信中預(yù)言他將會(huì)成為“你自己和你全家人的恥辱”。盡管如此，他的這次乘船探險(xiǎn)之旅將帶來(lái)有史以來(lái)最重要的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。Mainidea:Darwinwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoicebuthisadventuresontheBeagleledtooneofthemostimportnatscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.StartingoutTheyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.HeleftEnglandontheship,the

Beagle,in1831.Thejourneygavehimthechancetostudyvariouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironments.AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.Ashestudiedthese,heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?這個(gè)受到質(zhì)疑的年輕人就是地質(zhì)學(xué)家和自然學(xué)家查爾斯·達(dá)爾文，他對(duì)巖石和動(dòng)植物有著濃厚的興趣。1831年，他搭乘貝格爾號(hào)從英格蘭啟程。這次旅程給了他研究自然環(huán)境中各種生物的契機(jī)。在南美洲度過(guò)一段時(shí)間后，他的船艙里堆滿了收集到的動(dòng)植物樣本。當(dāng)他研究這些樣本時(shí)，他產(chǎn)生了疑問(wèn)：這些不同的物種是如何產(chǎn)生的?Mainidea:Darwinbeganhisjourney.StartingoutAtthattime,peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsince.ButDarwinbegantothinkdifferently.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilartoeachother.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?Itwasjustanidea,butenoughtoinspireDarwintolookformoreevidence.當(dāng)時(shí)，人們認(rèn)為所有的物種都是同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在地球上的，并從此再無(wú)變化。但達(dá)爾文開始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物種的動(dòng)物彼此間很相似。也許動(dòng)物為了適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境會(huì)逐漸進(jìn)化？雖然這只是一個(gè)設(shè)想，但足夠激勵(lì)達(dá)爾文去尋求更多證據(jù)。Mainidea:Darwinbegantothinkdifferently.StartingoutWhenthe

Beagle

reachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.1835年，當(dāng)貝格爾號(hào)抵達(dá)加拉帕戈斯群島時(shí)，達(dá)爾文發(fā)現(xiàn)了各種各樣的新物種，但最令他感興趣的是鳥類。達(dá)爾文注意到，在群島中的每一個(gè)小島上，雀鳥之間有所不同。它們的喙似乎是根據(jù)所在島嶼上可覓得的食物進(jìn)化而來(lái)的。Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist:theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.達(dá)爾文猜想這些雀鳥是由共同的祖先進(jìn)化而來(lái)的。很久以前，雀鳥的祖先來(lái)到這片群島，隨著時(shí)間的推移，慢慢進(jìn)化成許多新的種類。于是，關(guān)于動(dòng)植物的新種類是如何產(chǎn)生的這個(gè)問(wèn)題就有了答案：它們是從早期的祖先進(jìn)化而來(lái)的。Mainidea:SomebirdontheGalápagosIslandsinterestedDarwin.Mainidea:Darwinsuspectedthatthebirdsevlovedfromearlierancestors.StartingoutItwasacompletelynewidea—atheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook,

OntheOriginofSpecies.Itwasnotpublisheduntil1859andimmediatelycausedastorm.Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings,includinghumans,hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.Theywereshocked.ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.這是一個(gè)全新的觀點(diǎn)—進(jìn)化論。達(dá)爾文在他的《物種起源》一書中解釋了這一理論。這本書直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起轟動(dòng)。很多人拒絕相信包括人類在內(nèi)的所有生命都是從更低級(jí)的生命形式進(jìn)化而來(lái)的。他們對(duì)此感到震驚。然而達(dá)爾文的科學(xué)研究很有說(shuō)服力，越來(lái)越多的人開始接受他的理論。Today,

OntheOriginofSpecies

isregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.AnditallbeganwiththejourneyontheBeagle.如今，《物種起源》被認(rèn)為是迄今為止最重要的著作之一。它徹底地改變了人類對(duì)于地球上生命的認(rèn)識(shí)。而這一切都開始于貝格爾號(hào)的探索之旅。Mainidea:MoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelieveDarwin'stheoryofevolution.Mainidea:OntheOriginofSpecies

isregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.StartingoutOrganizationofthepassageStep1.(Para.1.)Darwinbeganhisjourney.Step2.(Para.2-3)DarwingeneratedideasStep3.(Para.4)Darwincollectedevidence.Step4.(Para.5)Darwindevelopedhisidea.Step5.(Para.6)Darwinpubliedhiswork,TheoryofEvolution.Conclusion(Para.7)Darwin'sachievemntandcontributiontotheworld.answerthecallfirstchoice

what'smorebeadisgraceto

ofalltimeinquestiongivesbthechancetodosthbecrowdedwithcometoexistadaptto

inspiresbtodosthavarietyoftheanswerto...key,attitude,approach,solution,answer14convincesbofsthTask1Speakloudlyanddictation5mins

1.響應(yīng)號(hào)召

2.第一選擇3.更重要的是，而且4.是恥辱，是丟臉的事5.有史以來(lái)6.正在被討論的，考慮中的7.給某人做某事的機(jī)會(huì)8.擠滿，充滿9.開始存在（comeintobeing形成，產(chǎn)生）10.適應(yīng)（beadaptedfrom改編自...）n.adaptation11.激勵(lì)某人做某事12.各種各樣的（differentkindsof)13.的答案（后加介詞to的名詞有：）14.使某人信服某事課前準(zhǔn)備1.清空桌面水杯紙巾都不要2.準(zhǔn)備平板默寫本課本精讀學(xué)案課前背誦主課文p1上課默寫StartingoutIntensivereadingfor1.Keywordsandexpressionsinthepassage2.Grammarsinthepassage

Step2Groupdiscussion（8mins）小組討論：借鑒別人講解的知識(shí)，豐富自己的儲(chǔ)備與技能。要求：組長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)籌每位組員都要找出知識(shí)點(diǎn)講給組員聽B+或B-負(fù)責(zé)講解C負(fù)責(zé)翻譯段落完成本組任務(wù)后可搶奪其他組的得分機(jī)會(huì)P11-2組

控制在5個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)注意定從

（還有一個(gè)小陷阱）P23組4組控制在4個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)注意asP35組6組控制在4個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)注意hadappearedP47組8組控制在2個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)注意itwasthebirds...P59組控制在2個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)P610組控制在5個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)注意not...untilP711組控制在3個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以內(nèi)搶奪題P567Step3教師點(diǎn)撥（5mins

）Step4總結(jié)+自由補(bǔ)充（先舉手示意審核最多三人）StartingoutThecaptainoftheship,the

Beagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”.Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.What’smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞someone,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，不能省略鮮為人知的who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞person,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，不能省略who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞youngman,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，不能省略動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作賓補(bǔ)，和邏輯主語(yǔ)hisfather之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系sciencen.科學(xué)scientistn.科學(xué)家scientificadj.科學(xué)的Startingout1.Theyrushedovertohelptheman___________whosecarhadbrokendown.2.Whoistheperson___________isstandingatthegate?3.Thereissomebodyhere__________wantstotalktoyou.4.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,___________greatlyupsetsme.5.Itwasthebest___________(know)andprobablythemostpopularofhersongs.6.___________(science)researchandenvironmentconservationarecloselyconnected.單句語(yǔ)法練習(xí)1whosethatwhowhichknownScientificStartingoutTheyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.HeleftEnglandontheship,the

Beagle,in1831.Thejourneygavehimthechancetostudyvariouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironments.AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.Ashestudiedthese,heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?fascinate使著迷，fascinating令人著迷的，fascinated著迷的，that/which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，從句表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

用...堆滿，擠滿

形成Startingout單句語(yǔ)法練習(xí)21.Madagascaristhemost___________(fascinate)placeIhaveeverbeento.2.Isatonthestairsandwatched,___________(fascinate).3.Thebaggagehallwas___________(crowd)andnoisy.4.Themarketandstreetwerecrowded_________thosewho'dcometobuydailynecessities.5.WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedI___________(leave)mybackpackathome.fascinatingfascinatedcrowdedwithhadleftStartingoutAtthattime,peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsince.ButDarwinbegantothinkdifferently.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilartoeachother.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?Itwasjustanidea,butenoughtoinspireDarwintolookformoreevidence.inspiresbtodosth激勵(lì)某人去做某事adapttosth適應(yīng)...（注意：to為介詞)similartosth與...相似

過(guò)去完成時(shí)，某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作

StartingoutWhenthe

Beagle

reachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.P5Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist:theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.avarietyof種種，各種各樣的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+that+句子剩余部分

賓語(yǔ)從句，放在介詞to后作賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞ancestors,此處指鳥類，為物，關(guān)系詞which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，不能省略。overtime隨著時(shí)間的推移“Wheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?”“Itwasinthehall______thestudentsoftenhaveameeting.”A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when<陷阱>很可能誤選C，認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)inthehall。<分析>假若選C，即有Itwasinthehallthatthestudentsoftenhaveameeting，該句的意思是“學(xué)生們通常是在大廳開會(huì)”，單獨(dú)看這一句，無(wú)論是其意思還是其語(yǔ)法均未錯(cuò)，但若將其與上文聯(lián)系起來(lái)看，則不通，因?yàn)樯衔牡囊馑际恰澳闶窃谀膬赫业阶蛱熳鲌?bào)告的那位教授的?”

其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是A，wherethestudentsoftenhaveameeting為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾其前的名詞thehall，句意為“是在學(xué)生們經(jīng)常開會(huì)的那個(gè)大廳(找到教授的)”，這樣語(yǔ)意就通順了。StartingoutWhenthe

Beagle

reachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.P5Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist:theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.avarietyof種種，各種各樣的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+that+句子剩余部分

賓語(yǔ)從句，放在介詞to后作賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞ancestors,此處指鳥類，為物，關(guān)系詞which在定