面向二氧化碳的光子科學(xué)建制化研究平臺(tái)

面向二氧化碳的光子科學(xué)建制化研究平臺(tái)CO2-orientedInstitutional

Research

Platformof

PhotonScience中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海高等研究院（SARI）科研單元布局

ResearchdepartmentsatShanghaiAdvanced

ResearchInstitute

(SARI)

基礎(chǔ)交叉研究中心Interdisciplinaryfundamentalresearches智能信息通信技術(shù)研究與發(fā)展中心Informationandcommunication上海同步輻射光源ShanghaiSynchrotron

Radiation

Facility

(SSRF)國(guó)家蛋白質(zhì)科學(xué)研究設(shè)施（上海）Nationalcenterfor

proteinscience

SH低碳轉(zhuǎn)化科學(xué)與工程中心Lowcarbonscience

andengineering先進(jìn)能源系統(tǒng)與裝備研究與發(fā)展中心Advancedenergysystemandequipment綠色化學(xué)工程技術(shù)研究與發(fā)展中心Greenchemistryandchemicalengineeringl目前實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)?；茉戳闩欧爬玫奈ㄒ贿x擇/low-

carbonuseoffossilenergy

on

a

large

scalel保持電力靈活性的主要手段/Maintaining

electricalflexibilityl鋼鐵

、

有色

、

化工

、

水泥等難

減

排

行

業(yè)

的

必

要

方

案

/Solution

for

steel,

non-ferrous,chemical,

cementandother

processindustriesl非化石能源

“

碳元素

”獲取

和

循

環(huán)

利

用

的

主

要

手

段/Sourceofnon-fossilcarbon

elementl與新能源等耦合的負(fù)排放技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和目標(biāo)的托底

保障/Negative

emission

technologies

coupled

with

newenergy

arethe

underpinning

guaranteeforachievingcarbon

neutrality碳捕集利用與封存（CCUS）的概念和定位PositionandconceptofCarbonCapture,

Utilization

and

Storage

(CCUS)CCUS是指將CO2從碳利用過(guò)程與大氣中分離出來(lái)，直接加以利用或注入地層以實(shí)現(xiàn)CO2減排的工業(yè)過(guò)程

CCUS:SeparateCO2

withthefollowing

utilizationor

injection

into

geologicalformations碳中和愿景下CCUS的定位和作用Orientationand

roleofCCUSina

carbon

neutral

vision來(lái)源：中國(guó)CCUS年度報(bào)告（2021）

Source:Annual

reportofCCUS

inChina上海高研院在CCU領(lǐng)域已具備了顯著的學(xué)術(shù)和行業(yè)影響力SARI’sfocusandinfluence

in

CCU知名期刊論文400余篇Over400

High

Profile

Papers牽頭制定國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略NationalCCUS

Strategy基礎(chǔ)前沿系列突破Fundamental

Researches關(guān)鍵技術(shù)形成示范IndustrialDemonstrationAdsorption-based

CO2

capture

CO2

reforming

of

CH4

CO2

hydrogenation

to

MeOH

Microalgae-based

CO2

fixationCCUS

RoadmapChina

(2011)Tech.

Evaluationon

CCU

in

China

(2013)CCUS

RoadmapChina

(2019)Tech.

Evaluationon

CCUS

in

China

(2021)碳轉(zhuǎn)化CO2

Conversion高活性高選擇性催化劑(High

performing

catalysts)CO2高效定向活化機(jī)理(Effective

and

selective

activation)

多尺度碳利用過(guò)程機(jī)制(Multi-scale

mechanism)碳捕集CO2

Capture高性能捕集介質(zhì)設(shè)計(jì)(High

performance

capture

agent)吸脫附原位動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制(In-situ

dynamic

mechanism)低能耗捕集過(guò)程強(qiáng)化(Process

intensification)Research探索一代 研發(fā)O示范一代Improving

Reduction2nd

Gen.1st

Gen.3rd

Gen.LoweringCost2nd

Gen.3rd

Gen.1st

Gen.CCU發(fā)展趨勢(shì)：降能耗、

降成本FutureofCCU:

Energy

reduction,lowering

cost碳排放Carbon

Emission

一代TimeTimeCost上海光源目前有27線39站服務(wù)用戶,

10線20站在建，總投資近35億，是我國(guó)目前服務(wù)用戶最多、

成果

產(chǎn)出率最高的大科學(xué)裝置。

SSRF

provides

27

beamlines

and

39

end

stations

in

operation,

andthere

are

10beamlines

and

20

end

stations

under

construction,with

a

total

investment

ofnearly

3.5

billionYuan.The

largest

numberofusersandthehighest

output

rate

in

China.電子能量

Electron

Energy：3.5GeV周長(zhǎng)

Perimeter：432m流強(qiáng)

BeamCurrent:260

0.5mA

(Topup）自然發(fā)射度Natural

Emittance：

3.9nm-rad上海光源：中能第三代同步輻射光源

SSRF:

Medium

EnergyThirdGenerationSynchrotron

Radiation

LightSource

3.5GeV電子儲(chǔ)存環(huán)總長(zhǎng)432m150MeV電子

直線加速器27線39站運(yùn)行全能量增強(qiáng)器

C=180m建制化團(tuán)隊(duì)Institutional

Team上海高等研究院(SARI)大連化學(xué)物理研究所(DICP)上海應(yīng)用物理研究所(SINAP)化學(xué)研究所(IC-CAS)面向二氧化碳的光子科學(xué)建制化研究平臺(tái)

CO2-oriented

Institutional

Research

Platform

of

Photon

Science

CCU領(lǐng)域基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)問(wèn)題ScientificfundamentalsonCCUCCU領(lǐng)域的新理論、

新方法、

新過(guò)程N(yùn)ewtheory,

new

methods,

newprocessfor

CCUCCUS技術(shù)專屬研發(fā)平臺(tái)Dedicated

R&D

platformforCCU建制化研發(fā)能力

Institutional

ResearchCapability

立方級(jí)評(píng)價(jià)裝置

Nm3-scale

evaluation基于光子科學(xué)的先進(jìn)表征平臺(tái)PhotonScience-basedAdvancedCharacterization

PlatformBL16B1超快成像線站高通量XRD/SAXSBL05U

ED-XASSpectroscopy）建制化研發(fā)能力

Institutional

ResearchCapability

l

能量色散X射線吸收譜（

Energy

dispersive

XAS）40000images/s

collectionGPU加速的重構(gòu)算法，大幅度提升實(shí)驗(yàn)效率和重構(gòu)速度GPUacceleratedreconstructionalgorithms譜學(xué)計(jì)算解析局域結(jié)構(gòu)/吸附基團(tuán)信息XAFScalculationstodetermine

localstructure/adsorptiongroupl

吸收譜多重散射模擬（

Multiple-ScatteringCalculationsofXAFS

）基于軟X射線的精細(xì)電子結(jié)構(gòu)Fineelectronicstructurebased

on

soft-X-RayProcessingsoftwarefortime-resolvedstructuraldynamicsl

X射線共振發(fā)射譜（

Resonant

X-ray

Emissionl

全場(chǎng)納米CT（

Full

Field

NanoCT）Traditionaltech.

Research

goalImprove

>

100%MaterialefficiencyTotal

energyconsumptionTotal

cost針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)碳捕集技術(shù)能耗高、

成本高的關(guān)鍵瓶頸，改變二氧化碳解吸過(guò)程熱力學(xué)驅(qū)動(dòng)力，構(gòu)建碳捕集新方法，大幅提升捕集時(shí)效并降低反應(yīng)能耗，從而大幅降低碳捕集及利用綜合減排成本Developing

newcapture

process

usingalternativethermodynamicdrivingforceof

CO2,

so

as

to

increasethecaptureefficiencyandreducetheenergy

consumption

共反應(yīng)物化學(xué)活性推動(dòng)CO2捕集-轉(zhuǎn)化一體化Chemistrypotentialpromotesintegratedcapture&

conversion

吸附劑結(jié)構(gòu)柔性推動(dòng)“呼吸式”吸脫附Flexiblestructurepromotes

"breathing"adsorption&desorption

原位、實(shí)時(shí)、動(dòng)態(tài)表征Insitu,real-time,dynamiccharacterization理論/方法創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新Theoretical/methodologicalinnovationpromotestechnologicalinnovation

捕集率、轉(zhuǎn)化率均大于90%Capture

rate&conversion

rate

>90%

吸附容量大于12wt.%Adsorptioncapacity

>

12wt.%碳捕集關(guān)鍵技術(shù)瓶頸Keytechnical

bottlenecks能耗

Energyconsumption

>2.5GJ/tCO2

成本Cost

>260

RMB/tCO2混合MixLeanphaseCO2富相Rich

phase研究領(lǐng)域1：低成本碳捕集

Research

area

1:

Low-cost

CO2capture

Phasesplitter分相器Decrease

>20%Decrease

>

10%CO2貧相通過(guò)原位XAS技術(shù)深入研究了CO2捕集-甲烷化一體化過(guò)程在臨氧條件下的失活機(jī)理，構(gòu)建了具備“犧牲位點(diǎn)”

的吸附-催化雙功能材料，支撐完成了千方級(jí)小試，碳捕集率和轉(zhuǎn)化率均達(dá)到90%以上In-depthinvestigationonthedeactivationunder

aerobic

conditionwas

investigated

using

in-

situXAS,and

new

materialswith

“sacrificial

sites”weredesigned,

basedwhich

1000-Nm3

scaletestingwascarriedout,achievingover90%CO2

captureand

conversion

ratio研究領(lǐng)域1：低成本碳捕集

Research

area

1:

Low-cost

CO2capture

95%CO2捕集CO2

capture93%CO2轉(zhuǎn)化CO2

conversion94%溫室效應(yīng)降低GHG

reduction基于XAS的原位失活機(jī)制研究組件和數(shù)據(jù)拾取、分析方法In-situXASdatacollection,

processing,andinterpretationNi-based

DFMswithhighoxygen-resistanceforintegratedCO2

captureandconversion，Publicationpreparation臨氧條件快速失活

高耐氧穩(wěn)定性運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)研究手段

MethodologySynchrotron

Structure-functionradiation

detection

relationshipInterfacecollaborationGas-solid/liquid-solidinterface針對(duì)CO2熱催化中表界面結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)態(tài)演變和電催化還原C2

+產(chǎn)物選擇性調(diào)控問(wèn)題，發(fā)展高壓動(dòng)態(tài)XAS及IR表征方法

和高靈敏液固界面探測(cè)的XAS及XPS表征方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)CO2熱催化還原精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控和工業(yè)電流密度高選擇制C2新過(guò)程Aimingatthedynamicevolution

of

surface

interface

structure

and

the

selective

conversion,

high

pressure

dynamicXASandIRcharacterizationmethodsand

highlysensitive

liquid-solid

interface

detection

ofXAS

and

XPScharacterization

methodsweredevelopedtorealizeprecise

regulation

of

CO2

conversionand

particularly

new

processesofC2

productionwith

highselectivityofindustrialcurrent

density研究領(lǐng)域2：高選擇性CO2轉(zhuǎn)化

Research

area

2:

Selective

CO2

conversion

科學(xué)問(wèn)題Question氣固/液固界面的動(dòng)態(tài)演變Dynamicevolutionofgas-solid/liquid-solidinterfaceCO2活化及產(chǎn)物選擇性控制CO2

activation&productselectivecontrol科學(xué)目標(biāo)ObjectiveCO2

reductionCO2

removalAstronautH2OelectrolysisCO2

reductionAir通過(guò)釕（

Ru）與氧化物的界面調(diào)控實(shí)現(xiàn)CO2定向還原生成CH4或CO，研制高性能Ru基CO2

甲烷化催化劑并

成功應(yīng)用于我國(guó)空間站Directed

reductionofCO2

toCH4

orCOwasachieved

byinterfacial

regulationof

ruthenium

(Ru)

and

oxide.

The

high-performance

Ru-basedCO2

methanationcatalystwasdevelopedandsuccessfully

applied

to

the

Chinesespace

station二氧化碳還原組件在空間站核心倉(cāng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行超過(guò)6個(gè)月TheCO2

reduction

moduleoperatedsteadilyinthe

station'score

module

for

more

than

6

monthsH.Xin,Q.

Fu*,XH

Bao*,J.Am.

Chem.

Soc.2022,

144,

11,4874研究領(lǐng)域2：高選擇性CO2轉(zhuǎn)化

Research

area

2:

Selective

CO2

conversion

揭示覆蓋度驅(qū)動(dòng)的C2產(chǎn)物選擇性變化機(jī)制，實(shí)現(xiàn)安培級(jí)（

3.1A

cm-2

）電流密度CO2電催化還原制乙酸等C2

+產(chǎn)物，

乙酸的碳選擇性達(dá)到70%，CO單程轉(zhuǎn)化率達(dá)到75%The

selectivity

change

mechanism

ofC2

products

driven

by

coveragewas

revealed,

and

C2

+

products

such

as

aceticacidwere

produced

byCO2

electrocatalytic

reductionatampere-level

(3.1

A

cm-2)

current

density.

The

carbonselectivityofaceticacid

reached70%andthe

conversion

rate

of

CO

reached

75%研究領(lǐng)域2：高選擇性CO2轉(zhuǎn)化

Research

area

2:

Selective

CO2

conversion

P.

F.Wei,

D.

F.Gao,T.

F.

Liu,G.X.Wang,X.

H.

Bao,

et

al.,

Nature

Nanotechnology,

in

press.組裝出最高功率2.85千瓦的電解電堆Assembleanelectrolytic

reactorwiththe

highest

powerof2.85

kWC2產(chǎn)物乙烯和乙酸選擇性的精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控Preciseselective

regulationofethylene/aceticacidproduction針對(duì)固體氧化物電解池高溫制氫材料界面活化機(jī)理、

輸運(yùn)機(jī)制及反應(yīng)過(guò)程等關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問(wèn)題，發(fā)展同步輻射

原位衍射、

吸收和成像方法，建立國(guó)際先進(jìn)的高溫電化學(xué)同步輻射原位研究平臺(tái)，解析界面結(jié)構(gòu)演變與電

池性能衰減的關(guān)聯(lián)機(jī)制，研制高電流長(zhǎng)壽命電解池，達(dá)到國(guó)際領(lǐng)先水平Focusingonthe

interfacialactivation

mechanism,transport

mechanism

and

reaction

process

of

high

temperature

H2

production

materials

in

solid

oxideelectrolyticcell,wedeveloped

in-situ

diffraction,

absorptionand

imaging

methodsofsynchrotron

radiation,establishedan

internationally

advanced

in-

situ

research

platform

for

high

temperature

electrochemical

synchrotron

radiation,

analyzed

the

correlation

mechanism

betweeninterfacestructureevolutionand

batteryperformance

attenuation,

and

developed

highcurrentandlong

lifeelectrolytic

cell研究領(lǐng)域3：高溫電解水制氫

Research

area

3:

High-temperature

H2O

electrolysis

PhasetransitionActivation

ElementDifferentTech.TemperatureMaterial

poisoning

InternationalHydrogenelectrode

reactioninterfaceLatticethermal

mismatchChemicalcompatibilityPore

structureParticlecoarseningCu