2024-2025學(xué)年山西省高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1山西省2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichisthewoman’shorse?A.Theonewiththewhiteface. B.Theonewithtwoblacklegs. C.Theonenexttotheblackhorse.【答案】C【原文】M:Ella,isthatyourhorseovertherewithwhiteface?W:No,mineistheonewithtwowhitelegsstandingnexttotheblackhorse.2.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.Eatout. B.Watchamovie. C.Gotothegym.【答案】A【原文】W:Eric,whatdoyouwanttodotonight?There’snothingonatthecinema.M:Whydon’twegotothegymfirstforawhilethisafternoonandthengoouttohavedinner?3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.Challenging. B.Satisfying. C.Poorly-paid.【答案】B【原文】W:Whydon’tyougetagoodjobforachange?Youhavegraduatedfromuniversity.Digginggardensisnotajobforyou.M:ButIlikeit.Totellyouthetruth,themoneyisnotbadandthereisplentyoffreshair.4.Howdoesthemangotoworkthisweek?A.Onfoot. B.Bycar. C.Bybike.【答案】B【原文】W:Youliveprettyclosetoourcompany.Itwouldtakeyouabouttwentyminutesonfoot.Ridingabikeisagoodchoicetoo,M:Yes,butthisweekmywifeisawayonbusinesssoIhavetodrivemykidstoschoolbeforeIgotowork.5.Whatisthewoman?A.Ateacher. B.Adoctor. C.Asalesperson.【答案】C【原文】W:HelloDaniel.Haven’tseenyouforquiteawhile.M:Yes,it’sbeenalongtime.Areyoustillworkinginthemedicalcollege?W:No,I’mnotateacheranymoreandI’mrefusedthejobinthehospital.I’mworkingasasalesmanageratthedrugstorenow.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasacold. B.Shehasbadears. C.Shehasahighfever.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthestore. B.Inthestreet. C.Attheclinic.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Goodmorning,DoctorBryan.Ifeelupset.I’vebeenhearingsomesinginginmyearsthisweek.M:Don’tworry.Haveyouhadabadcoldorfeverrecently?W:Actually,no,I’mnotsickwithanything.M:Doyoualwayscleanyourearswithaplasticormetalstick?W:Never.ButIalwaysdothatwithmyfingers.M:That’sprobablytheproblem.Cleaningyourearswithyourfingersoftendoesharmtoyourlistening.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whichofthefollowingneedsthecompany’sservice?A.Abigfamilymeal. B.Acompanymeeting. C.Agraduationceremony.9.Whatwillthewomandoduringmeals?A.Seatguests. B.Dosomecleaning. C.Servedrinksandfood.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Jack,I’mgoingtoworkforacompanythissummervacation.M:Acompany.Neverheardyousaythatbefore?What’sthat?Whatdoyoudo?W:Weusuallyhelpatparties.Ourcompanyisresponsibleforpreparingandservingthefood.We’rehelpingabigfamilygettogethertomorrow,thenabirthdayparty.M:Sowhatexactlydoyoudobeforemeals?W:Ihelpbringthefoodinandarrangethetables,makesureitlooksnice.Duringmeals,Ihavetoservefoodanddrinkstotheguests,andaftermealsarefinished,Ihelpcleanup.M:Itdoesn’tsoundthathard.I’llgiveitatrynextsummer.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Wherewillthemango?A.Tohisschool. B.Tohishome. C.Totheairport.11.Whatdoesthemanmissinparticular?A.Friendlyclassmates. B.Thebeautifulcampus. C.Chinesetastyfood.12.Whatgiftdoesthewomanpreparefortheman’sparents?A.Papercutting. B.AChineseknot. C.Localspecialfood.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【原文】M:Lily,Iwillmissyou.Thankyouforseeingmeoff.W:Iknowyoumustbeexcitedtogohomeaftersuchalongtimeoflearning.You’llkeepintouchwithmeafteryougetajob,won’tyou?M:SurelyIwill.Thankyouverymuchforhelpingmeduringtheschooldays.Iwillmissyou,ourfriendlyclassmatesandthebeautifulcampus,especiallythedeliciousChinesefoodintheschoolCafeteria.W:Yeah,whatagreatmemory.I’dliketogiveyousomethingtotakehome.Letmeshowyou.M:Wow,aredChineseKnot.It’sbeautiful.Doesithaveanyspecialmeaning?W:InChinesetheKnotmeanslove,marriageandreunionandisoftenusedforprayingforgoodluck.Andthepapercuttingisforyourparents.M:Thankyou.Oh,itsoundslikethey’reboarding.NowIhavetogo.W:Haveagoodtrip.Bye.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Howtosavemoneywisely.B.Howtospendmoneyfreely.C.Howtocommunicatewithfriends.14.Wheredoesthemanusuallygoshopping?A.Supermarkets. B.Outdoormarkets. C.Departmentstores.15.Whatdoesthemanhighlyrecommendthewomantodo?A.Fixthingsonherown. B.Takeacourseinrepair. C.Throwawayuselessthings.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Friends. C.Colleagues.【答案】13.A14.B15.A16.B【原文】M:HiCathy,wetalkedaboutsavingmoneywithourfriendsthisafternoonandmanyofushavetosavemoney.W:Yes,butdifferentpeoplesavemoneyindifferentways.Iamahousewife,soIhavetosavemoneyasmuchaspossible.M:Youareright.Canyoutellmesomethingabouthowyousavemoney?W:Yeah,Ioftentrynottoshopindepartmentstoresorsupermarkets,exceptwhenthingsareonsale.M:That'sagoodidea.IalsolikeshoppinginoutdoormarketsmostbecauseIcanusuallyfindsomerealbargainsthere.Ihaveanothergreatwaytosavemoney,nottopaypeopletofixthingsforyou.W:Sorry,Ican'tunderstandthat.WhatdoyoumeanSteve?M:Well,Ioftentrytorepairthingsaroundthehouse.Wecansavealotofmoneythatway.W:Wow,youhavealotofexperiencewithsavingmoney.I'velearnedalotfromyou.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Howmanysongsdotheyounglistentoperyearaccordingtotheman?A.About3000. B.Over5000. C.Around8000.18.Wherecanwehearthebackgroundmusic?A.Inaconferencehall. B.Onacollegecampus. C.Atashoppingcentre.19.WhatdoweknowaboutBruce?A.He’samusicproducer. B.He’sworkingongames. C.Helikesplayingvideogames.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Playapieceofmusic. B.IntroduceHighScoreprogram. C.Enjoysweetandrelaxingmusic.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【原文】M:Goodeveningeverybody.I’mthehostMike.Ontoday’sprogramwe’regoingtotakealookatmusicinourlife.Accordingtosomerecentresearch,theaveragepersoninBritainlistenstoaroundthreezerosongsayear,andinthecaseofyoungadultsagedbetweeneighteenandtwentyfive,thatfigureismorethan5000.Especiallyinrestaurants,shopsandgyms,musicisallaroundusnow.Ifyoulikeplayingvideogames,youmayfinddifferentbackgroundmusicforthegames,somoreandmorepeopleregardmakingmusicasajob.Andalsosomearemakingmusicspecificallyforgames.Bruceisoneofthem.Heisworkingonbackgroundmusicforthegameslikeangrybirdsandlegendofearth,whichareplayedbylotsofpeopleonthestationclassicFM104.There’sverypopularonehourprogramwhichplaysmusicfromthegames.Itsnameishighscore.Theprogramisahugesuccess.Now,beforewegoon,you’regoingtoenjoysweetandrelaxingmusicfromFM104musicradiostation.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A21.WhyistheRSVPincluded?A.Tosubmitapplications. B.Toconfirmattendance.C.Togathercontactdetails. D.Tocommunicateeventupdates.22.Whatdoes“NOTTOBEMISSED!”serveas?A.Tostresstheevent’suniqueness. B.Toprovideadditionaleventdetails.C.Toencouragetheinvitee’sattendance. D.Toindicatethelimitedavailabilityofseats.23.Whattonedoestheinvitationsuggest?A.Formalbutreserved. B.Seriousandreflective.C.Casualbutenthusiastic. D.Persuasiveandprofessional.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。這是一張夏日派對(duì)邀請(qǐng)函，主要展示了派對(duì)的主題、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“RSVP”的意思是“請(qǐng)回復(fù)”以及常識(shí)可知，在邀請(qǐng)函中要求被邀請(qǐng)者回復(fù)，通常是為了確認(rèn)對(duì)方是否會(huì)參加活動(dòng)。故選B。【22題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，“NOTTOBEMISSED!”意思是“不容錯(cuò)過！”，在邀請(qǐng)函中使用這樣的表達(dá)，是為了吸引受邀者，鼓勵(lì)他們來參加這次派對(duì)。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)邀請(qǐng)函的用詞可推測(cè)，“Let’sparty!It’shothot”等語言比較隨意、口語化，體現(xiàn)出休閑的氛圍；而“NOTTOBEMISSED!”以及“Can'twaittoseeyou!”等表達(dá)充滿熱情，顯示出對(duì)受邀者參加派對(duì)的熱切期待。故選C。BAsupermarketinManchester,UK,hasintroduceda“quiethour”toassistautistic(患自閉癥的)customers.TheASDAbranchinCheethamHill,ledbymanagerSimonLea,hascreatedaspecialtimeduringwhichthestorebecomesmuchquieterandcalmer.Duringthishour,escalators(手扶電梯)arestopped,in-storemusicandtelevisionsareturnedoff,andtheusualcrowdandnoiseofthestoreareminimized.Thisinitiativeaimstohelppeoplewhoaresensitivetonoiseandmayfindthetypicalshoppingexperienceintense,especiallythosewithautism.TheideaforthisprojectwasbroughtoutwhenSimonwitnessedayoungboyhavinglostcontrolofemotionsinthestore.Theboy,whowaswithhismother,becameupsetbytheloudnoisesaroundhim.Simon,whosawtheboy’smotherlookingterriblytired,offeredthechildafootballtocalmhimdown.Whentheboystartedplayingwiththeball,hismoodimmediatelyimproved.ThismomentinspiredSimontothinkabouthowthestorecouldbettersupportcustomerswithautismandothersense-relatedissues.Simon’sgoalistocreateamorewelcomingenvironmentforeveryone.Hebelievesthatthequiethourwillbenefitnotonlypeoplewithautismbutalsothosewhosufferfromanxietyorothermentalhealthconditions,ashehimselfhasstruggledwithanxietyinthepast.Thestorealsoprovidesaspecialmapforautisticcustomers,withpicturesinsteadofwords,tomakeiteasiertogetaround.TomMadders,HeadofCampaignsattheNationalAutisticSocietysaid,“WeareverypleasedtohearthatASDAareintroducinga‘quiet-hour’initsManchesterstore.Thisinitiativeisagreatexampleofanorganizationtakingthetroubletounderstandhowautisticpeopleexperiencetheworldandwehopeotherbusinessesareinspiredtofollowtheirexample.”24.Whyisthe“quiethour”introducedatASDA?A.Toimprovethestore’sefficiency. B.Toattractmorecustomerstothestore.C.Tohelppeoplewhoaresensitivetonoise. D.Toofferdiscountsforspecial-needscustomers.25.WhatinspiredSimonLeatolaunchtheinitiative?A.Hisobservationofachildwithautismstruggling.B.Hispersonalexperiencewithdealingwithanxiety.C.Complaintsfromcustomersaboutexcessivenoise.D.Suggestionsfromamotherofachildwithautism.26.WhatisSimonLea’sbeliefaboutthe“quiethour”?A.Itwillprimarilybenefitpeoplewithchildren.B.Itwillbesuccessfulinattractingnewcustomers.C.Itwillmakethestoremoreefficientandorganized.D.Itwillhelpthosewithautismandmentalhealthissues.27.WhatisTomMadders’sreactiontoASDA’schanges?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Concerned.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了英國(guó)曼徹斯特一家超市為了協(xié)助自閉癥顧客而推出的“安靜時(shí)間”活動(dòng)，詳細(xì)介紹了該活動(dòng)的實(shí)施方式、目的、起源以及對(duì)其他顧客的潛在益處，并引用了國(guó)家自閉癥協(xié)會(huì)一位負(fù)責(zé)人的評(píng)論來表達(dá)對(duì)這一舉措的認(rèn)可?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thisinitiativeaimstohelppeoplewhoaresensitivetonoiseandmayfindthetypicalshoppingexperienceintense,especiallythosewithautism.(這一舉措旨在幫助那些對(duì)噪音敏感、可能覺得平常的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)過于刺激的人，尤其是自閉癥患者。)”可知，阿斯達(dá)超市推出“安靜小時(shí)”是為了幫助對(duì)噪音敏感的人，尤其是自閉癥患者，讓他們能更舒適地購(gòu)物。故選C?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheideaforthisprojectwasbroughtoutwhenSimonwitnessedayoungboyhavinglostcontrolofemotionsinthestore.Theboy,whowaswithhismother,becameupsetbytheloudnoisesaroundhim.Simon,whosawtheboy’smotherlookingterriblytired,offeredthechildafootballtocalmhimdown.Whentheboystartedplayingwiththeball,hismoodimmediatelyimproved.ThismomentinspiredSimontothinkabouthowthestorecouldbettersupportcustomerswithautismandothersense-relatedissues.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的靈感源自Simon目睹的一件事。當(dāng)時(shí)，一個(gè)小男孩在超市里情緒失控。這個(gè)男孩和他的母親在一起，周圍的嘈雜聲讓他心煩意亂。Simon看到男孩的母親疲憊不堪，就拿了一個(gè)足球給男孩，想讓他平靜下來。當(dāng)男孩開始玩球時(shí)，他的情緒立刻好轉(zhuǎn)了。這一幕促使Simon思考超市要如何更好地為自閉癥患者以及其他有感官相關(guān)問題的顧客提供支持。)”可知，Simon看到一個(gè)患有自閉癥的小男孩在超市里因?yàn)橹車脑胍舳榫w失控，之后他給男孩一個(gè)足球讓其情緒好轉(zhuǎn)，這一幕促使Simon思考如何讓超市更好地幫助自閉癥患者和其他有感官問題的顧客，進(jìn)而促使他推出了這個(gè)“安靜小時(shí)”的舉措。所以是他對(duì)一個(gè)自閉癥孩子困境的觀察啟發(fā)了他。故選A?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Hebelievesthatthequiethourwillbenefitnotonlypeoplewithautismbutalsothosewhosufferfromanxietyorothermentalhealthconditions,ashehimselfhasstruggledwithanxietyinthepast.(他相信，“安靜購(gòu)物一小時(shí)”不僅會(huì)讓自閉癥患者受益，也會(huì)讓那些患有焦慮癥或其他心理健康問題的人受益，因?yàn)樗约哼^去也曾飽受焦慮之苦。)”可知，SimonLea認(rèn)為“安靜小時(shí)”不僅會(huì)讓自閉癥患者受益，也會(huì)讓那些患有焦慮癥或其他心理健康問題的人受益。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TomMadders,HeadofCampaignsattheNationalAutisticSocietysaid,“WeareverypleasedtohearthatASDAareintroducinga‘quiet-hour’initsManchesterstore.Thisinitiativeisagreatexampleofanorganizationtakingthetroubletounderstandhowautisticpeopleexperiencetheworldandwehopeotherbusinessesareinspiredtofollowtheirexample.”(全國(guó)自閉癥協(xié)會(huì)的宣傳活動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)人TomMadders表示：“我們很高興聽說阿斯達(dá)在其曼徹斯特的分店推出了‘安靜購(gòu)物一小時(shí)’活動(dòng)。這一舉措是一個(gè)很好的范例，表明了一家企業(yè)愿意花心思去了解自閉癥患者對(duì)世界的體驗(yàn)，我們希望其他企業(yè)也能受到啟發(fā)，效仿他們的做法?！?”可知，TomMadders很高興聽到阿斯達(dá)在曼徹斯特的商店推出“安靜小時(shí)”活動(dòng)，他認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)很好的例子，表明一個(gè)組織努力去了解自閉癥患者如何體驗(yàn)世界，并且希望其他企業(yè)也能受到啟發(fā)效仿。由此可以看出他對(duì)阿斯達(dá)的這一改變是贊賞的態(tài)度。故選A。CResearchrevealsthatnotonlybraincells,butalsocellsfromotherbodyparts,canstorememories.Thisdiscoveryoffersnewinsightsintomemoryfunctionandpotentialtreatmentsformemory-relatedissues,accordingtoNewYorkUniversity.Theresearchaimedtoexplorewhethernon-braincellscontributetomemorybyapplyingthemassed-spacedeffect—aprinciplesuggestingthatinformationisrememberedbetterwhenlearnedovermultipleperiodsratherthanthroughintensivestudyinasinglesession.Intheirstudy,publishedinNatureCommunications,scientistsinvestigatedtwotypesofnon-brainhumancellsinalaboratorysetting.Thesecellswereexposedtovariouschemicalsignals,similartohowbraincellsrespondtoneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì))duringlearning.Inresponse,thenon-braincellsactivateda“memorygene”—thesamegenethatbraincellsusefordetectingpatternsandrestructuretheirconnectionstoformmemories.Tomonitorthisprocess,theresearchersengineeredthecellstoproduceafluorescentprotein,allowingthemtotrackwhenthememorygenewasturnedonoroff.Theresultsshowedthatthesecellscoulddetectrepeatedchemicalsignals,similartoneurotransmitterburstsinthebrain,ratherthanextendedones.Thismirrorshowbraincellsregisterlearningwithspacedbreaksinsteadoflearningeverythingallatonce.Whensignalswerespacedout,the“memorygene”wasactivatedmorestronglyandforalongertimethanwhendeliveredallatonce.“Thisreflectsthemassed-spacedeffect,”saysKukushkin,aclinicalassociateprofessoratNYU.“Itshowsthatrepeatedlearningisafundamentalpropertyofallcells.”“Thisdiscoveryopensnewdoorsforunderstandinghowmemoryworksandcouldleadtobetterwaystoenhancelearningandtreatmemory-relatedissues,”observesKukushkin.“Italsosuggeststhatinthefuture,wemayneedtotreatourbodylikethebrain,consideringhowsystemssuchasdigestionorcancercells‘remember’patternstoregulatebloodsugarorrespondtothepatternofcancertreatment.”28.Whatdoesthemassed-spacedeffectillustrate?A.Thebrainstoresmemoryduringdeepsleep.B.Spacinglearningovertimeimprovesmemory.C.Memoryisstoredonlywhenrepeatedcontinuously.D.Learningeverythinginonesessionreducesmemory.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fluorescentprotein”referto?A.Aneurotransmitterproducedbybraincells.B.Atypeofchemicalsignalreleasedbycells.C.Aproteinfoundonlyinbrain-relatedresearch.D.Asubstancethatindicatesactivememorygenes.30.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheresearchinparagraph3?A.Allcellspossessthebasiccharacteristicofrepeatedlearning.B.Cellsdonotrespondtochemicalsignalsduringlearning.C.Intensivelearningismoreeffectivethanspacedlearning.D.Thebrainonlyusesextendedburstsofneurotransmitters.31.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthisarticle?A.ExploringMemoryFunctionintheBrain.B.TheRoleofNon-BrainCellsinMemoryStorage.C.HowBrainCellsDetectPatternsduringLearning.D.TheImpactofChemicalSignalsonMemoryFormation.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道。文章講述了紐約大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅腦細(xì)胞，身體其他部位的細(xì)胞也能存儲(chǔ)記憶。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為理解記憶功能以及治療記憶相關(guān)疾病提供了新的視角?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theresearchaimedtoexplorewhethernon-braincellscontributetomemorybyapplyingthemassed-spacedeffect—aprinciplesuggestingthatinformationisrememberedbetterwhenlearnedovermultipleperiodsratherthanthroughintensivestudyinasinglesession.(該研究旨在探索非腦細(xì)胞是否通過應(yīng)用密集間隔效應(yīng)（mass-spacedeffect）來促進(jìn)記憶——這一原理表明，多期學(xué)習(xí)比單次集中學(xué)習(xí)能更好地記住信息)”可知，密集間隔效應(yīng)說明，信息在分多次學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)比在單次集中學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)更容易被記住。由此可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移，間隔學(xué)習(xí)可以提高記憶力。故選B?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Tomonitorthisprocess,theresearchersengineeredthecellstoproduceafluorescentprotein,allowingthemtotrackwhenthememorygenewasturnedonoroff.(為了監(jiān)測(cè)這一過程，研究人員對(duì)細(xì)胞進(jìn)行了改造，使其產(chǎn)生一種fluorescentprotein，從而使它們能夠跟蹤記憶基因何時(shí)開啟或關(guān)閉)”可知，fluorescentprotein是一種用于追蹤記憶基因激活或關(guān)閉狀態(tài)的物質(zhì)。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Thisreflectsthemassed-spacedeffect,”saysKukushkin,aclinicalassociateprofessoratNYU.“Itshowsthatrepeatedlearningisafundamentalpropertyofallcells.”(“這反映了密集間隔效應(yīng)，”紐約大學(xué)臨床副教授庫(kù)庫(kù)什金說。“這表明重復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)是所有細(xì)胞的基本特性?！?”可知，重復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)是所有細(xì)胞的基本特性。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Researchrevealsthatnotonlybraincells,butalsocellsfromotherbodyparts,canstorememories.(研究表明，不僅腦細(xì)胞，身體其他部位的細(xì)胞也能儲(chǔ)存記憶)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了紐約大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅腦細(xì)胞，身體其他部位的細(xì)胞也能存儲(chǔ)記憶，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為理解記憶功能以及治療記憶相關(guān)疾病提供了新的視角。由此可知，TheRoleofNon-BrainCellsinMemoryStorage(非腦細(xì)胞在記憶儲(chǔ)存中的作用)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。DIncredibleneweco-friendlysensors,inspiredbyspidersilkand50timessmallerthanahumanhair,couldbeusedinfieldsrangingfromhealthcaremonitoringtovirtualreality.DevelopedbyUniversityofCambridgeresearchers,thesesensorscanbeprintedonbiologicalsurfaces,fromahumanfingertoadelicateflowerleaf.Theyaresolightweightthattheycanevenbeprinteddirectlyontothesoftseedheadofadandelion(蒲公英)withoutcollapsingitsstructure.Whenprintedonhumanskin,thefibre(纖維)sensorsfittheskin,exposingsweattinyholes,makingthemundetectabletothewearer.Testsonhumanfingerssuggestthesesensorscouldserveascontinuoushealthmonitors,providingalessnoticeablealternativetolargewearableslikesmartwatches.“Theconnectionbetweenthedeviceandthesurfaceisvitalforaccuratesensing,”saidProf.YanYanSheryHuang,wholedtheresearch.Shealsostressedthatbioelectronicsshouldbeunnoticeabletousersandenvironmentallysustainable.Thesesensorscanchangehowweinteractwiththeworld,whetherforhealthcareorenhancingvirtualrealityexperiences.Mostexistingwearablesensortechnologieshavelimitations,suchasblockingairandliquidsorrelyingonenergy-andwaste-intensiveproductiontechniques.Flexibleelectronics,forexample,areoftenprintedonplasticfilmsthatrestrictgasandliquidpassage.TheCambridgeteam’sapproachsolvesthisbyusingPEDOT:PSS,asuitableconductingmaterialmixedwithhyaluronic(透明質(zhì))acidandpolyethyleneoxide(聚乙烯氧化物).Thebioelectronicfibresarecreatedatroomtemperaturefromawater-basedsolution,enablingprecisecontrolovertheirproperties.Thesefibrescanadapttovariousshapes,frommicrotomacrosize,withoutrequiringimagerecognition.Theirproductionislessenergy-intensive,andtheygeneratelesswastecomparedtotraditionalsensors.Thefibresarealsorepairableandcanbewashedawaywhennolongerneeded.Lookingforward,theteamplanstoincorporateadditionalfunctionalmaterialsintothisfibreprintingmethod,potentiallyallowingforintegratedfibresensorswithdisplay,computation,andenergyconversioncapabilities.32.Whichisapossibleapplicationofthesensorsdiscussedinthetext?A.Enhancinghealthcarethroughcontinuousmonitoring.B.Improvingvirtualrealityexperiencesviasmartwatches.C.Providingalessefficientalternativetospidersilk.D.Makinglargeandheavysensorsforindustrialuse.33.Whatcanbeoneofthechallengesforthesensorsdescribed?A.Makingthemvisibletousersforeasymonitoring.B.Increasingtheirproductionspeedathightemperatures.C.Ensuringtheyarebothfunctionalandunnoticeabletousers.D.Balancingcost-effectivenessandenvironmentalsustainability.34.Howarethebioelectronicfibrescreated?A.Byreactingwithmetalstoformflexiblefibers.B.Byprintingflexiblematerialsontoplasticfilms.C.Byheatingliquidmixturesinacertaincontainer.D.Byusingachemicalsolutionatacontrolledtemperature.35.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplorethechallengesandlimitationsofexistingwearablesensors.B.Todescribetheenvironmentalimpactoftraditionalsensorproduction.C.Toexplaintheenvironmentaladvantagesofthebioelectronicsensors.D.Tointroduceneweco-friendlysensorsandtheirpotentialapplications.【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了劍橋大學(xué)研究人員開發(fā)的一種受蜘蛛絲啟發(fā)的新型環(huán)保傳感器，詳細(xì)描述了這種傳感器的特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景、優(yōu)勢(shì)以及未來的發(fā)展前景。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Incredibleneweco-friendlysensors,inspiredbyspidersilkand50timessmallerthanahumanhair,couldbeusedinfieldsrangingfromhealthcaremonitoringtovirtualreality.(受蜘蛛絲啟發(fā)而研發(fā)的新型環(huán)保傳感器令人驚嘆，其大小比人類的頭發(fā)絲還要細(xì)50倍，可應(yīng)用于從醫(yī)療健康監(jiān)測(cè)到虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)等諸多領(lǐng)域。)”以及第二段“Testsonhumanfingerssuggestthesesensorscouldserveascontinuoushealthmonitors,providingalessnoticeablealternativetolargewearableslikesmartwatches.(在人類手指上進(jìn)行的測(cè)試表明，這些傳感器可以充當(dāng)持續(xù)的健康監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備，相較于智能手表等大型可穿戴設(shè)備而言，它們更加不引人注目。)”可知，這表明這種傳感器可以通過持續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)來加強(qiáng)醫(yī)療保健。故選A。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Shealsostressedthatbioelectronicsshouldbeunnoticeabletousersandenvironmentallysustainable.Thesesensorscanchangehowweinteractwiththeworld,whetherforhealthcareorenhancingvirtualrealityexperiences.(她還強(qiáng)調(diào)，生物電子設(shè)備應(yīng)該讓用戶察覺不到其存在，并且對(duì)環(huán)境可持續(xù)。無論是用于醫(yī)療保健還是增強(qiáng)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)體驗(yàn)，這些傳感器都能夠改變我們與世界的互動(dòng)方式。)”可知，這種傳感器需要在不被用戶察覺的情況下發(fā)揮作用，這意味著要在保證功能性的同時(shí)，做到不被用戶注意到，這是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thebioelectronicfibresarecreatedatroomtemperaturefromawater-basedsolution,enablingprecisecontrolovertheirproperties.(這些生物電子纖維在室溫下由水性溶液制成，能夠?qū)ζ涮匦赃M(jìn)行精確控制。)”可知，生物電子纖維是在室溫下由水性溶液制成的，即通過在可控溫度下使用化學(xué)溶液來制造。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章開篇介紹了受蜘蛛絲啟發(fā)的新型環(huán)保傳感器，包括其尺寸、特點(diǎn)，如比頭發(fā)絲細(xì)50倍、可打印在生物表面、重量輕等；接著闡述了這種傳感器在醫(yī)療健康監(jiān)測(cè)、虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)等領(lǐng)域的潛在應(yīng)用；還提到了現(xiàn)有可穿戴傳感器技術(shù)的局限性以及新型傳感器的制作方法和優(yōu)勢(shì)等。整體是在介紹新型環(huán)保傳感器及其潛在應(yīng)用。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mirroringbehavior,alsoknownasbehavioralmimicry,isourinborntendencytocopytheactions,expressions,ormannerismsofthosearoundus.Forinstance,whenyouseeotherpeopleyawn(打哈欠),youwillalsofollowuptheirinvoluntaryyawn.____36____Studiedsincethe1960s,it’sbecomeahottopicinvariousfieldsrangingfrompsychologytoneuroscience,andevenmarketing.____37____Well,itturnsoutthatmirroringhassomesignificantdevelopingadvantages.Bycopyingothers,ourancestorscouldlearnnewskillsmorequickly,connectwiththeirgroupmembers,andevenavoiddanger.It’slikenature’swayofsaying,“Monkeysee,monkeydo...andmonkeysurvives!”Inthefieldofpsyohology,mirroringbehaviorisliketheSwissArmyknifeofsocialunderstanding.____38____Whenwemirrorsomeone,we’renotjustcopyingtheiractions;we’resteppingintotheirshoes,feelingwhattheyfeel.It’skindnessinaction.Thisabilityto“feel”whatothersareexperiencingiscrucialforoursocialdevelopment.Infact,mirroringbehaviorplaysasignificantroleinchilddevelopment.Evernoticedhowbabiesoftenstickouttheirtongueswhenadultsdo?That’snotjustcute.____39____Throughmirroring,childrenlearntomanagethecomplexworldofsocialinteractions.Buthere’swhereitgetsreallyinteresting:mirroringbehaviorisn’tuniversal.Differentcultureshavedifferentmirroringnorms.Insomecultures,directeyecontactisasignofrespectandengagement,whileinothers,itmightbeconsideredrude.It’slikeaculturaldancewhereeveryone’sdoingslightlydifferentsteps!Masteringtheartofmirroringcanleadtodeeperunderstanding,makingitaninvaluabletoolinbothpersonalandprofessionalfields.____40____It’sawayofshowing,“Iseeyou,Ihearyou,andI’mwithyou.”Nowthat’srelationshipgoals!A.It’safundamentallearningprocess.B.Butwhydidwedevelopthiscopycatbehavior?C.Enjoyingthisbehaviorcanstrengthenourbondswithothers.D.It’saflexibletoolthathelpsusconnectwithothersonadeeperlevel.E.Canmirroringalsoimproveyouroutcomesinsalesandnegotiations?F.Mirroringcanleadtocompetitionratherthancooperationamongindividuals.G.Thisoccursasifit’sasecrethandshakeourbrainsperformwithoutpermission.【答案】36.G37.B38.D39.A40.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是鏡像行為（Mirroringbehavior）或行為模仿的概念、研究歷史、發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)、在心理學(xué)和社會(huì)交往中的作用，以及其在不同文化中的差異性和重要性?！?6題詳析】空前“Mirroringbehavior,alsoknownasbehavioralmimicry,isourinborntendencytocopytheactions,expressions,ormannerismsofthosearoundus.Forinstance,whenyouseeotherpeopleyawn(打哈欠),youwillalsofollowuptheirinvoluntaryyawn.(鏡像行為，也被稱為行為模仿，是我們天生的模仿周圍人的行為、表情或習(xí)慣的傾向。例如，當(dāng)你看到別人打哈欠時(shí)，你也會(huì)跟著他們無意識(shí)地打哈欠。)”說明了鏡像行為是什么，空格處應(yīng)該對(duì)此進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的說明，G選項(xiàng)“Thisoccursasifit’sasecrethandshakeourbrainsperformwithoutpermission.(這就像是我們的大腦在未經(jīng)允許的情況下進(jìn)行的秘密握手。)”進(jìn)一步闡述了鏡像行為，承接上文，符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】空后“Well,itturnsoutthatmirroringhassomesignificantdevelopingadvantages.Bycopyingothers,ourancestorscouldlearnnewskillsmorequickly,connectwiththeirgroupmembers,andevenavoiddanger.It’slikenature’swayofsaying,“Monkeysee,monkeydo...andmonkeysurvives!”(事實(shí)證明，鏡像有一些顯著的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)。通過模仿他人，我們的祖先可以更快地學(xué)習(xí)新技能，與他們的群體成員聯(lián)系，甚至避免危險(xiǎn)。這就像大自然在說：“猴子看，猴子學(xué)……猴子活了下來！”)”說明了人出現(xiàn)鏡像行為的原因，是因?yàn)榘l(fā)展的需要，B選項(xiàng)“Butwhydidwedevelopthiscopycatbehavior?(但我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)產(chǎn)生這種模仿行為呢？)”提出了我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)產(chǎn)生這種模仿行為的問題，引出了后面的原因，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳析】空前“Inthefieldofpsyohology,mirroringbehaviorisliketheSwissArmyknifeofsocialunderstanding.(在心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，模仿行為就像是社交理解的瑞士軍刀。)”說明了模仿行為像是社交理解的瑞士軍刀，空格處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說明這可以在社交方面幫我們做什么，D選項(xiàng)“It’saflexibletoolthathelpsusconnectwithothersonadeeperlevel.(它是一種靈活的工具，可以幫助我們?cè)诟顚哟紊吓c他人聯(lián)系。)”說明了模仿行為可以幫助我們?cè)诟顚哟紊吓c他人聯(lián)系，承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】空后“Throughmirroring,childrenlearntomanagethecomplexworldofsocialinteractions.(通過鏡像，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)管理復(fù)雜的社會(huì)互動(dòng)世界。)”說明了通過鏡像，孩子們能學(xué)到東西，說明這是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的過程，A選項(xiàng)“It’safundamentallearningprocess.(這是一個(gè)基本的學(xué)習(xí)過程。)”說明了鏡像行為是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過程，引起下文，符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳析】空前“Masteringtheartofmirroringcanleadtodeeperunderstanding,makingitaninvaluabletoolinbothpersonalandprofessionalf