2025屆廣東省湛江市高三下學(xué)期普通高考測(cè)試(一模)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣東省湛江市2025屆高三下學(xué)期普通高考測(cè)試(一模)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIncredibleBaliTourBedugulBeginthedaybyexploringtheBedugulBotanicalGardens.Walkaroundandrelaxunderthetalltrees.Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.Then,headtomountainrangesandlakesforattractiveviewsandmakeastopatUlunDanuTemple,locatedrightatthewater’sedge.LovinaRiseearlybeforethesunandgetreadytoventureouttoseaforanexcitingdayofdolphinwatching.Intheevening,watchuptofivespeciesofnativedolphinsspringfromthewateragainstthebackdropofanorangesunsetbeforeheadingback.SpendtherestofthedayunwindingatyourhotelwitharelaxingandtraditionalBalinesemassage(按摩).MenjanganIslandCollectyoursnorkeling(潛水)equipmentand,assistedbyyourlocalguide,exploretheisland’scolorfulreefsandgreenishbluewaters,consideredsomeofthebestintheregion.Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.KintamaniTakesshortstopatBejiTemple.Builtinthe15thcentury,thistempleiswidelyconsideredoneoftheoldesttemplesontheisland.Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.Explorethetemple,withtheoptionforamazingviewsofthesurroundingcountryside.1.WhatcanatouristdoinBedugul?A.Learnaboutlocalproduce. B.Watchseaanimals.C.Gosuorkeling. D.Explorethecountryside.2.WhatisrecommendedforatouristtogetrefreshedontheSeriritcoast?A.Restingundertrees. B.Watchingthesunset.C.Takingamassage. D.Bathinginhotsprings.3.WhereisPuraPuncakPenulisanlocated?A.Nexttoabotanicalpark.B.Onthetopofamountain.C.Inthecenterofacoastaltown.D.Byalakesurroundedbymountains.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了巴厘島的四個(gè)景點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bedugul部分中“Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.(之后，在傳統(tǒng)的水果和蔬菜市場(chǎng)CandiKuning稍作停留，品嘗一些新鮮種植的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品)”可知，游客在Bedugul可以了解當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MenjanganIsland部分中“Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.(回到大陸，冒險(xiǎn)前往Seririt海岸的班加爾溫泉。在當(dāng)?shù)厝苏J(rèn)為擁有天然營(yíng)養(yǎng)和礦物質(zhì)的溫暖水域放松自己)”可知，在班加爾泡溫泉可以使人放松，故給想要在Seririt海岸恢復(fù)精力的游客推薦泡溫泉。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kintamani部分中“Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.(之后，前往PuraPuneakPenulisan。它位于Penulisan山（1745米）的山頂，是巴厘島最高的寺廟，有336級(jí)臺(tái)階一直上升到山頂。探索寺廟，可以欣賞到周圍鄉(xiāng)村的美景)”可知，PuraPuncakPenulisan位于山頂。故選B。BANewZealandmanplayinghisfirst-evercompetitiveScrabblegame(拼字游戲)inSpanishhaswontheboardgame’sSpanish-languageworldtitle—despitenotbeingabletospeaktheSpanishlanguage.NigelRichards,aprofessionalplayerwhoholdsfiveEnglish-languageworldtitles,wontheSpanishWorldScrabblechampionshipsinGranada,Spain,inNovember,losingonegameoutof24.“Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.“Hecan’tunderstandwhyotherpeoplecan’tjustdothesamething,”LizFagerlundsaid.“Hecanlookatablockofwordstogether,andoncetheygointohisbrainasapicturehecanjustrecallthatveryeasily.”NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”Richardshasdonethisbefore.In2015,hebecametheFrench-languageScrabbleworldchampion,despitenotspeakingFrench.HetooktheFrenchtitleagainin2018.RichardsisrecognizedininternationalScrabbleasthegreatestplayerofalltime.In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.Scrabbledoesnotrequireplayerstoknowthedefinitionsofwords,onlywhatcombinationsoflettersareallowed,butnativespeakersdohaveanadvantage.Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(語(yǔ)言學(xué)的)one.4.WhatisamusttoplayaScrabblegame?A.Memorizingawordlist. B.Buildingpictureblocks.C.Beingfluentinmultiplelanguages. D.Winningtitlesinspellingcompetitions.5.WhatdidAlejandroTerenzanithinkofRichards’achievement?A.Integrated. B.Inspiring. C.Unsustainable. D.Unmatched.6.HowistheAmericanScrabblegamedifferentfromtheEnglishone?A.Theyinvolvedifferentskillsets. B.Theyawardwinnersindifferentways.C.Theyhavedifferentwordcoverage. D.Theyrequiredifferentregistrationprocesses.7.WhatdidRichards’mothersayabouthim?A.Helearnedfivelanguages. B.Heperformedexcellentlyatuniversity.C.Heowedhissuccesstoaspecialapproach. D.HetookadvantageofbeinganativeSpanishspeaker.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要說(shuō)明了一名新西蘭男子NigelRichards第一次用西班牙語(yǔ)玩拼字游戲，贏得了這個(gè)棋盤游戲的西班牙語(yǔ)世界冠軍。文章還介紹了他參加拼字游戲的經(jīng)歷和拼字游戲的規(guī)則?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.(“理查茲一年前就開始背拼字游戲單詞表了，”他的朋友、新西蘭拼字游戲官員利茲·費(fèi)格倫德告訴美聯(lián)社)”可知，玩拼字游戲的必備條件是背單詞表。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”(比賽組織者亞歷杭德羅·特倫扎尼說(shuō)，在西班牙語(yǔ)拼字游戲中，從來(lái)沒有出現(xiàn)過(guò)像這位新西蘭人這樣的成就。你只會(huì)感到驚奇?！?”可知，亞歷杭德羅·特倫扎尼對(duì)理查茲的成就是無(wú)可匹敵的。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.(2008年，他成為第一位同時(shí)獲得美國(guó)和英國(guó)拼字游戲世界冠軍的選手，盡管他必須“忘記”4萬(wàn)個(gè)沒有出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)拼字游戲單詞表上的英語(yǔ)單詞才能在美國(guó)獲勝)”可知，兩者有不同的文字覆蓋率。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(語(yǔ)言學(xué)的)one.(理查茲的母親曾對(duì)一家新西蘭報(bào)紙說(shuō)，理查茲在學(xué)校的英語(yǔ)不太好，也沒上過(guò)大學(xué)，他玩足球時(shí)用的是數(shù)學(xué)方法，而不是語(yǔ)言方法)”可知，理查茲把自己的成功歸功于一種特殊的方法。故選C。CNinety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.ScientistsfromBrighamYoungUniversityanalyzed148studiesinvolvingover300,000participantsandfoundthatsatisfyingsociallivesareasbeneficialforlongevity(長(zhǎng)壽)asquittingsmokingandmayevenbemorecrucialthanexerciseorlosingweight.Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.Rebeca,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity,addssomethingtothisunderstandingbypointingouttheimpactofourbeliefsaboutagingonhealthylongevity.Herstudiesshowthatoldpeoplewithpositiveviewsofagingaremuchbetterabletorundailyroutines.They’remorelikelytorecoverfromadisablinginjury.Herresearchalsosuggeststhatpositiveattitudestowardsagingofferprotectionagainstcognitive(認(rèn)知的)decline.Rebecafindspeoplewithapositiveviewofaginglivedanaverageof8yearslongerthanthosewithanegativeone.Sheexplainsthatbeliefsarepowerfulbecausepeoplewithapositivemindsetaboutagingtendtohaveagooddietandactivelifestyle.Theyalsohavelowerlevelsofstresshormones.Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.Thelanguageusedaroundaginghasbecomemorenegativeanddismissivesincethelate1800s.Rebecaarguesthatlabelingagingasadiseaseignoresthestrengthsandgrowthpotentialinlaterlife.8.WhatdoesLaura’sexampleimply?A.Thechallengesofquittingsmoking.B.Theroleofexerciseinoveranhealth.C.Thepossibilityofphysicaldisabilityoftheelderly.D.Thepowerofsocialconnectionsonhealthylongevity.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buffering”inparagraph2mean?A.Affectingeverydaytasks.B.Reducingtheharmfuleffects.C.Weakeningtheimmunesystem.D.Leadingtoemotionalstress.10.WhichpointofviewwillRebecaagreewith?A.Agingshouldbetreatedasadisease.B.Writinghelpstoslowdowncognitivedecline.C.Positivemindsetcanbeformedthroughpractice.D.Peoplearebecomingmorerespectfultotheelderly.11.HowdidRebecalearnaboutthechangeofpeople’sattitudetowardsaging?A.Bymakinginterviews.B.Byanalyzingadatabase.C.Byobservingasocialtrend.D.Bycomparingresearchfindings.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了社交關(guān)系和積極心態(tài)對(duì)健康長(zhǎng)壽的影響。文章通過(guò)Laura的例子、科學(xué)研究和Rebeca的觀點(diǎn)，闡述了社交關(guān)系和積極心態(tài)對(duì)老年人健康的重要性?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ninety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.(九十歲的Laura在82歲時(shí)通過(guò)加入一個(gè)有游泳池的社區(qū)中心找到了新的社交生活。她開始定期游泳，享受實(shí)惠的午餐，隨著DJ音樂跳舞，并結(jié)交了朋友。研究表明，擁有強(qiáng)大社交關(guān)系的人往往對(duì)生活持積極態(tài)度，并且比獨(dú)居的人長(zhǎng)壽的可能性高出50%。)”可知，Laura的例子展示了社交關(guān)系對(duì)健康長(zhǎng)壽的積極影響。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.(社會(huì)關(guān)系可以通過(guò)buffering影響健康，即來(lái)自他人的支持幫助我們情感上適應(yīng)挑戰(zhàn)，減少削弱免疫系統(tǒng)的壓力激素)”可知，減少削弱免疫系統(tǒng)的壓力激素，可以減少有害影響。所以“buffering”意為“減少有害影響”。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.(Rebeca強(qiáng)調(diào)，年齡觀念是可以改變的。在一項(xiàng)研究中，成年人每周寫一次關(guān)于健康老年人生活的文章，持續(xù)四周后，他們對(duì)衰老的負(fù)面看法顯著減少)”可推知，Rebeca認(rèn)為積極心態(tài)可以通過(guò)練習(xí)形成。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.(盡管老年人口不斷增長(zhǎng)，但對(duì)老齡化的負(fù)面看法卻越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重，正如Rebeca對(duì)200年數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中超過(guò)4億字的分析所顯示的那樣）可知，Rebeca通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)了解人們對(duì)衰老態(tài)度的變化。故選B。DOnesunnyafternoon,three-year-oldAisha,anorangutanattheSanDiegoZoo,playedoutsidewhileherfathersatnearby.Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戲弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonaneestorsofapesandhumans.AstudyledbyFedericoRossonoftheUniversityofCaliforniaincludesorangutans,chimpanzees,bonobos,andgorillasinzoos.Theycarriedoutavideo-basedstudyandidentifiedsocialinteractionsthatcontainamixofplayfulandannoyingelements.Theyfocusedoncharacteristicssuchasone-sidedprovocation(挑釁),surprise,lookingatthetarget’sface,andrepetitionofthebehavior.Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.Ateasermightgrabanother’shandorfoottostoptheiractivity.Sometimesapeshidunderobjectswhenteasing,reachingoutahandsuddenlytopullsomeone’shair.Targetstendedtoignoreteasersortrytogentlygetthemaway.Sometimestheyrespondedpositivelywithplay,orteasingoftheirown.Othertimestheyjustgotupandleft.Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.Learningtopredicthowotherswillrespondisacriticalskillforhighlysocialanimals.Thestudyofplayfulteasingmaynotbelimitedtoapes.“Wesuspectthatotherhighlysocialanimalssuchasparrots,dolphins,elephants,whales,anddogs,mayalsoengageinthisbehavior,”saidco-researcher,IsabelleLaumer.Togathermoredata,researchershavesurveyedzookeepersandarecollectingstoriesofanimalteasingfromaroundtheworld.12.WhydidAishawaveatoyatherfather?A.Tohavefunplayfully.B.Tocopyhumanbehavior.C.Toattracthisattentiontoherhead.D.Toshowannoyanceforignoringher.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thesubjectsofthestudy.B.Thefindingsofthestudy.C.Theapproachofthestudy.D.Thestructureofthestudy.14.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheapes?A.Thetargetfeelsangryattheteaser.B.Theteaserfocusesonthetarget’sface.C.Theteaserpredictsthetarget’sresponse.D.Thetargetadaptstothebuildoftheteaser.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HumorIsOlderthanHumans.B.PlayfulTeasingIsConductedAcrossSpecies.C.StudyDiscoverstheSecretofOurAncestors.D.ZooAnimalsEnjoyTakingEachOtherbySurprise.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了類人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之間的開玩笑行為，研究表明這種行為與人類的幽默有著共同的起源，并且這種行為可能也存在于其他高度社會(huì)化的動(dòng)物中?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戲弄)justlikehumans(Aisha拿起一個(gè)玩具，向父親揮舞。當(dāng)父親沒有反應(yīng)時(shí)，Aisha把玩具在他面前揮舞，并在他的頭頂上刷過(guò)，使他更難忽視她。最終，父親屈服并看著她。Aisha的行為表明，類人猿和人類一樣會(huì)開玩笑)”可知，Aisha的行為是開玩笑，是為了有趣地玩耍。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.(盡管生活在不同的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和環(huán)境中，這四種類人猿都以相似的互相開玩笑的方式)”可知，本段主要講述了研究的結(jié)果，即不同種類的類人猿以相似的開玩笑方式。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.(在進(jìn)行戲弄時(shí)，戲弄者必須預(yù)測(cè)目標(biāo)的反應(yīng)，并根據(jù)目標(biāo)的可能反應(yīng)調(diào)整自己的行為)”可知，開玩笑者會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)目標(biāo)的反應(yīng)。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfulteasing(戲弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonancestorsofapesandhumans.(阿伊莎的行為表明，類人猿和人類一樣會(huì)開玩笑，而人類幽默的根源可以追溯到130萬(wàn)年前的類人猿和人類的共同祖先)”可知，文章主要介紹了類人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之間的開玩笑行為，研究表明這種行為與人類的幽默有著共同的起源，并且這種行為可能也存在于其他高度社會(huì)化的動(dòng)物中。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“開玩笑存在于跨物種之中”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Classroomenvironmentsplayacrucialroleinstudents’learningexperiences.Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.____16____Therefore,teachersaresupposedtobecarefulwithwhattheywanttheirclassroomtolooklike.Whilecontrollingallfactorsmaybechallenging,teacherscanmanagethematerialsonclassroomwallstoreducedistractions(分散注意力的事)。____17____Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口頭的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.____18____Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.Decorationsaresometimesmistakenforquality.Expertspointoutthatreadingandwritingperformancesareparticularlyaffectedbylevelsofstimulation,whilemathbenefitsfromstudent-centeredandpersonalizedclassroomdesigns.Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.____19____Thecoloroftheclassroomisanothercriticalfactor.Redandorangecanmakestudentsfeelnervous,whileblueandgreenarecalming.Youngerchildrenmayrespondwelltobrightcolorslikeyellow,butolderstudentsbenefitfromlightshadesofblueandgreen.TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.____20____Suchsettingsarelikelytocausestudentstobecomeuninterestedinlearning.Therefore,teachersshouldbemindfuloftheimpactsofvisualstimuliontheirstudentsandworktominimizedistractionsforbetteracademicperformance.A.Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.B.Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.C.Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.D.Alternatively,colorlessandpoorlylitclassroomsareoftenconsideredboring.E.Classroomenvironmentsareintendedtostimulateenthusiasmandparticipation.F.Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.G.Acombinationofbrightandlightcolorsbenefitsacademicperformanceandhealth.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.C20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了教室環(huán)境對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的影響?！?6題詳析】由上文“Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.(一個(gè)擺滿太多東西的環(huán)境會(huì)顯得很凌亂)”可知，上文描述了環(huán)境太凌亂，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境太凌亂會(huì)有不好的影響。A項(xiàng)“Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.(它會(huì)分散學(xué)生的注意力，并對(duì)他們的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”講述了環(huán)境太凌亂帶來(lái)的后果，能承接上文，符合題意。故選A?！?7題詳析】由下文“Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口頭的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.(學(xué)生的工作記憶處理視覺和口頭信息。太多的海報(bào)、規(guī)則或信息來(lái)源可能會(huì)使學(xué)生的工作記憶超負(fù)荷，從而難以集中注意力和處理信息)”可知，下文描述了環(huán)境里的視覺刺激對(duì)學(xué)生注意力的影響，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)教室環(huán)境的視覺刺激分散學(xué)生注意力，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.(環(huán)境中的過(guò)度刺激會(huì)增加對(duì)學(xué)生注意力的爭(zhēng)奪)”能夠引起下文，符合題意，故選F?！?8題詳析】由下文“Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.(普通的幼兒園里貼滿了標(biāo)簽、清單和規(guī)則，這會(huì)降低孩子們專注和學(xué)習(xí)的能力)”可知，下文舉例說(shuō)明了普通的幼兒園中教室環(huán)境對(duì)孩子們專注和學(xué)習(xí)的能力的影響，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)早期教育階段教室環(huán)境，B項(xiàng)“Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.(從早期教育階段開始，教室就常常充滿了文字和圖片)”能夠引起下文，符合題意，故選B?！?9題詳析】上文“Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.(讓學(xué)生參與設(shè)計(jì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)空間可以給他們一種歸屬感和自豪感)”可知，上文介紹了讓學(xué)生參與設(shè)計(jì)教室的好處，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)老師可以讓學(xué)生參與設(shè)計(jì)教室，C項(xiàng)“Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.(老師們應(yīng)該考慮展示學(xué)生的作品來(lái)提升學(xué)生的價(jià)值)”能夠承接上文，符合題意，故選C?！?0題詳析】上文“TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.(北美國(guó)際色彩顧問協(xié)會(huì)強(qiáng)調(diào)了適當(dāng)?shù)纳试O(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于創(chuàng)造有利的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和促進(jìn)健康的重要性)”可知，上文講的適當(dāng)?shù)纳试O(shè)計(jì)的好處，本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)談?wù)撋试O(shè)計(jì)的影響，D項(xiàng)“Alternatively,colorlessandpoorlylitclassroomsareoftenconsideredboring.(相反，無(wú)色且采光不佳的教室通常被認(rèn)為很乏味)”講的是色彩設(shè)計(jì)不好的教室的情況，能夠承接上文，符合題意，故選D。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Ascicadas(蟬)emergeinpartsoftheUnitedStatesin2024,JoshWicker,abiologyenthusiastfromSouthCarolina,isadvocatingforadifferentapproachtotheseinsects:____21____them,whichisnotanAmericandietaryhabit.Wickerseescicadasasaculinary(烹飪的)____22____ratherthananannoyance.Inspiredbyother____23____worldwidethatincludeinsectsintheirdiets,WickerdecidedtohostaninsectthemeddinnerpartytochallengeAmerican____24____.Wicker’slovefornatureledhimto____25____theideaofaddingcicadastohisdiet.Hewasmotivatedbytheglobal____26____ofeatingcicadas.He____27____onsocialmediatofindinteresteddiners,andtheresponsewasso____28____thathehadtostop____29____attendeesduetothegreatinterest.Fordinner,Wicker____30____amenufilledwithinsectdelicacies,presentedashorsd’oeuvres(開胃菜).Themenuincludedinnovativedishessuchaspigsinablanketwithcicadaheadsandbacon-wrappedcicadas.The____31____fromhisfriendswereamixofcuriosityandfear.Whilesomewereeagertotrythe____32____dishes,othersweremore____33____.Wicker’sexperimentnotonlyprovidedauniquediningexperiencebutalsoofferedanewviewonthe____34____betweenhumansandthenaturalworld.Itencouragespeopleto____35____theircomfortzonesoffoodandconsiderinsectsasasustainableandnutritiousfoodsource.21.A.charting B.consuming C.ignoring D.protecting22.A.accident B.business C.entertainment D.opportunity23.A.suggestions B.issues C.alarms D.cultures24.A.ideas B.strategies C.dreams D.promises25.A.explain B.abandon C.explore D.reform26.A.order B.market C.level D.practice27.A.reachedout B.showedoff C.profitedoff D.ledout28.A.enthusiastic B.careful C.special D.clear29.A.naming B.mentioning C.accepting D.applauding30.A.evaluated B.created C.recognized D.claimed31.A.reactions B.inspirations C.resources D.comparisons32.A.appetizing B.typical C.strange D.disappointing33.A.excited B.hesitant C.confused D.confident34.A.difference B.conflict C.separation D.relationship35.A.lookupto B.stepoutof C.makeuseof D.givewayto【答案】21.B22.D23.D24.A25.C26.D27.A28.A29.C30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要說(shuō)明了來(lái)自南卡羅來(lái)納州的生物學(xué)愛好者喬?！ね藝L試烹飪蟬這種動(dòng)物，為此還制作了都是昆蟲的美味佳肴菜單?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著蟬在2024年出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)部分地區(qū)，來(lái)自南卡羅來(lái)納州的生物學(xué)愛好者喬?！ね苏诔珜?dǎo)一種不同的方法來(lái)對(duì)付這些昆蟲：吃掉它們，這不是美國(guó)人的飲食習(xí)慣。A.charting繪制圖表；B.consuming吃，消耗；C.ignoring忽視；D.protecting保護(hù)。根據(jù)后文“Wickerseescicadasasaculinary”可知，他的建議是吃掉這種昆蟲。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：威克認(rèn)為蟬是烹飪的好機(jī)會(huì)，而不是討厭的東西。A.accident事故；B.business生意；C.entertainment娛樂；D.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)上文“Wickerseescicadasasaculinary”指他把蟬看作是烹飪的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：受到世界上其他飲食中包括昆蟲的文化的啟發(fā)，威克決定舉辦一個(gè)以昆蟲為主題的晚宴，以挑戰(zhàn)美國(guó)人的想法。A.suggestions建議；B.issues問題；C.alarms警報(bào)；D.cultures文化。根據(jù)上文“Inspiredbyother”以及后文“worldwidethatincludeinsectsintheirdiets”可知，他這么做是因?yàn)槭艿搅似渌嬍澄幕膯l(fā)。故選D。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：受到世界上其他飲食中包括昆蟲的文化的啟發(fā)，威克決定舉辦一個(gè)以昆蟲為主題的晚宴，以挑戰(zhàn)美國(guó)人的想法。A.ideas想法；B.strategies策略；C.dreams夢(mèng)想；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)上文“whichisnotanAmericandietaryhabit”可知，吃掉蟬不是美國(guó)人的習(xí)慣，他這么做是為了挑戰(zhàn)美國(guó)人的想法。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：威克對(duì)大自然的熱愛使他開始探索在飲食中加入蟬的想法。A.explain解釋；B.abandon拋棄；C.explore探索；D.reform改革。根據(jù)上文“Wickerseescicadasasaculinary”以及后文“theideaofaddingcicadastohisdiet”指對(duì)大自然的熱愛使他開始探索在飲食中加入蟬的想法。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的靈感來(lái)自于全球吃蟬的做法。A.order訂單；B.market市場(chǎng)；C.level水平；D.practice做法。根據(jù)上文“worldwidethatincludeinsectsintheirdiets”以及后文“ofeatingcicadas”指靈感來(lái)源全球吃蟬的做法。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他在社交媒體上聯(lián)系感興趣的食客，人們的反應(yīng)非常熱烈，由于興趣太大，他不得不停止接受食客。A.reachedout聯(lián)系，伸出手；B.showedoff炫耀；C.profitedoff從……中獲利；D.ledout延伸。根據(jù)后文“onsocialmediatofindinteresteddiners”指他在社交媒體上聯(lián)系感興趣的食客。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他在社交媒體上尋找感興趣的食客，人們的反應(yīng)非常熱烈，由于興趣太大，他不得不停止接受食客。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；C.special特別的；D.clear清楚的。根據(jù)后文“duetothegreatinterest”可知，人們的反應(yīng)非常熱烈，興趣很大。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在社交媒體上尋找感興趣的食客，人們的反應(yīng)非常熱烈，由于興趣太大，他不得不停止接受食客。A.naming命名；B.mentioning提及；C.accepting接受；D.applauding鼓掌。根據(jù)后文“attendeesduetothegreatinterest”可知，由于興趣太大，他不得不停止接受食客。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：晚餐時(shí)，威克制作了一份菜單，里面都是昆蟲的美味佳肴，作為開胃小菜。A.evaluated評(píng)估；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.recognized認(rèn)可；D.claimed聲稱。根據(jù)后文“amenufilledwithinsectdelicacies”指他制作了都是昆蟲的菜單。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：朋友們的反應(yīng)是既好奇又害怕。A.reactions反應(yīng)；B.inspirations啟示；C.resources資源；D.comparisons對(duì)比。根據(jù)后文“amixofcuriosityandfear”可知，好奇又害怕是朋友的反應(yīng)。故選A。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有些人渴望嘗試這些奇怪的菜肴，但其他人則更加猶豫。A.appetizing開胃的；B.typical典型的；C.strange奇怪的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)上文“amenufilledwithinsectdelicacies”以及美國(guó)人不吃昆蟲，所以此處這種菜肴對(duì)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)很奇怪。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有些人渴望嘗試這些奇怪的菜肴，但其他人則更加猶豫。A.excited激動(dòng)的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.confused困惑的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)上文“Whilesomewereeagertotrythe”中while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明有些人渴望嘗試，但是其他人更加猶豫。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：威克的實(shí)驗(yàn)不僅提供了獨(dú)特的用餐體驗(yàn)，也為人類與自然世界的關(guān)系提供了新的視角。A.difference差異；B.conflict沖突；C.separation分開；D.relationship關(guān)系。根據(jù)后文“betweenhumansandthenaturalworld”指為人類與自然世界的關(guān)系提供了新的視角。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它鼓勵(lì)人們走出食物的舒適區(qū)，將昆蟲視為可持續(xù)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食物來(lái)源。A.lookupto尊敬；B.stepoutof走出；C.makeuseof利用；D.givewayto讓位于。根據(jù)后文“theircomfortzonesoffoodandconsiderinsectsasasustainableandnutritiousfoodsource”可知，威克的實(shí)驗(yàn)鼓勵(lì)人們走出食物的舒適區(qū)，將昆蟲視為可持續(xù)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食物來(lái)源。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijingwillspeedupworktoprotectandmakeuseofculturalrelicsinitscorefunctionalareas.Thecityaimstopromotepublicaccess____36____moreheritage(遺產(chǎn))sitesalongtheBeijingCentralAxis(軸),____37____wasrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2024.Accordingtothesite’sofficeforculturalheritage____38____(apply)andprotection,Beijingwilltakeadvantageofitsuniqueworldheritageresources____39____(enhance)itsroleasaninternationalexchangecenter,developingtheCentralAxisintoaspaceforinternationalevents.Authoritiesplantointensifyeffortstopreserveanddisplay____40____historyandcultureoftheBeijingCentralAxis.Theyintendtopromoterelevantliteraryandartisticcreation,launchmoretailoredtourist____41____(route),andenhanceurbanrenewalprojectsinsurroundingareas.Stretching7.8kilometersfromYongdingGateinthesouthtotheDrumandBellTowersinthenorth,theBeijingCentralAxiswasconstructed____42____(base)onancientarchitecturalphilosophiestocreateanideallayoutforacapitalcity.TheCentralAxis____43____(date)backtotheYuanDynasty,whileits____44____(long)wasextendedintheMingandQingdynasties.Followingitsinclusionontheworldheritagelist,visitstoscenicareasalongtheCentralAxishaveincreased_____45_____(significant).CulturalandhistoricalsitesremainthecornerstoneofBeijing’sculturaltourismconsumption,withtheBeijin