2023-2024學(xué)年陜西省榆林市高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1陜西省榆林市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AWithanaverageof266sunnydayseveryyear,17milesofworld-classbeaches,andadventuresavailableyear-round,SanDiegoisanidealplaceforfamiliestoexplore.WanderaroundattheSanDiegoZooTheworld-famousSanDiegoZoocompletelytransformeditsChildren’sZoointotheWildlifeExplorersBasecampin2022.Itnowfeaturesatreehouse-styleactivityarea,kid-sizedanimalcave,andabigsplashpad(噴水池).Plentyofbathroomsandchangingareasmakeitconvenienttogetwet,dryoff,andkeepexploring.Watchsensory-friendlyIMAXfilmsFleetScienceCenterinBalboaParkprovidesahands-onapproachtoScience,presentingexhibitsthatexplorethemeslikelight,electricity,andtheuniverse.InStudioX,amakerspace,kidscandesignandconstructprojectslikeawind-poweredcar,marblemaze(大理石迷宮),orperhapsalunarlander.OnAccessibilityMorningseverythirdSaturdayofthemonth,familieswithsensorysensitivitiescanenterthemuseumanhourearlierandattendanIMAXshowingwithlowersoundvolumeandbrighterlighting.SailthroughtheairatTorreyPinesGliderportAdventurousfamiliescanjumpoffacliff(懸崖)andridethewindoverthebeachwithTorreyPinesGliderport.Getarushonaridewithatrainedprofessionalortakealessontolearntheartofsoloparagliding(滑翔傘)oversandstonecliffs.Thegliderportisopensevendaysaweek,weatherpermitting,anditaccommodatesvariousagesandexperiencelevels.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheSanDiegoZoo?A.DirectanIMAXfilm. B.Rideawind-poweredcar.C.Wanderaround. D.Havehands-onlearningexperiences.2.WhichfamilyissuitableforIMAXfilms?A.Thefamilywhoisinterestedintheculture. B.Thefamilythatisfondoffictions.C.Thefamilywholovesanimals. D.Thefamilythathassensorysensitivities.3.Where’sthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahealthcolumn.C.Atravelmagazine. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了圣地亞哥的多個旅游景點和活動，如動物園，科學(xué)中心和滑翔傘基地，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些景點對家庭游客的吸引力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WanderaroundattheSanDiegoZoo(去圣地亞哥動物園逛逛)中“Theworld-famousSanDiegoZoocompletelytransformeditsChildren’sZoointotheWildlifeExplorersBasecampin2022.Itnowfeaturesatreehouse-styleactivityarea,kid-sizedanimalcave,andabigsplashpad.Plentyofbathroomsandchangingareasmakeitconvenienttogetwet,dryoff,andkeepexploring.”（世界著名的圣地亞哥動物園在2022年將其兒童動物園完全改造成了野生動物探險者大本營。它現(xiàn)在有一個樹屋式的活動區(qū)，一個兒童大小的動物洞穴和一個大的水花墊。大量的浴室和更衣區(qū)使它很方便地變濕，變干，并繼續(xù)探索。）可知，游客在圣地亞哥動物園可以四處逛逛。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Watchsensory-friendlyIMAXfilms中“OnAccessibilityMorningseverythirdSaturdayofthemonth,familieswithsensorysensitivitiescanenterthemuseumanhourearlierandattendanIMAXshowingwithlowersoundvolumeandbrighterlighting.”（每個月第三個周六的可訪問上午，感官敏感的家庭可以提前一小時進(jìn)入博物館，觀看音量更小、燈光更亮的IMAX放映。）可知，感官敏感的家庭適合看IMAX電影。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Withanaverageof266sunnydayseveryyear,17milesofworld-classbeaches,andadventuresavailableyear-round,SanDiegoisanidealplaceforfamiliestoexplore.”（每年平均有266個晴天，17英里的世界級海灘，全年都有冒險活動，圣地亞哥是家庭探索的理想場所。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章詳細(xì)介紹了圣地亞哥的多個旅游景點和活動，如動物園，科學(xué)中心和滑翔傘基地，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些景點對家庭游客的吸引力。這種介紹旅游景點、活動和體驗的文章風(fēng)格更符合旅游雜志的特點。故選C項。BWhenIreachYamadaBeeFarm,Vivianisalreadybusycheckinghive(蜂箱)boxes,notnoticingmypresence.Ihearherchattingwiththebees,theirsofthum(嗡嗡聲)fillingtheairbetweenwordsofencouragementandnegotiation(商量).Vivianwasbornwithextremedeafness.WhileVivianisabletohearwiththehelpofhearingaids,sheusuallytakesoffthemwhenshe’sworking.“Soundsaren’tnaturaltome,”sheexplains.“Ijustlovethepeaceandquiet.WhenI’mwiththebees,Idon’tneedtohear.IcanfocusbetterwhenI’mnotconstantlydisturbed.”Equippedwithonlyherhood(頭巾),hivetool,andsmoker,Vivianmovesatagentlepacewiththeintentionofnotdisturbingthebees.I’moverdressed,havingborrowedafullprotectivesuitfortheoccasion.SheinstructsmetotakeofftheglovesIbroughtandtellsmewheretostandsoastoavoidstressingoutthebees.Vivian’sgentle,carefulstylemakesmefeelateasearoundherinsects.Themoretimewespendtogether,themoreIcometoappreciateVivian’spassion(熱情)forbees,aswellasthewaysthatbeinghardofhearinghaveinfluencedheruniqueapproachtothebeekeeping.Inherpractice,sheemphasizesnaturalbeekeepingtechniquesthatemployminimalchemicalinterventions(干擾).Andshe’sabletogetalltheinformationsheneedstotendtothehivesbyrelyingonherothersenses.Perhapsaboveallelse,whatmakesViviananexcellentbeekeeperisalmostphilosophical.Expertatherjobhaseverythingtodowithadaptation,dealingwiththecountlesschangesthatappearonanygivenday.Istheretoomuchrain?Toolittle?Whenwilltheflowersbloom?Willtheyproduceenoughhoney?Sherespondsaccordingly,makingsurenottodisturbthebees’rhythmandbalance.“Thereisaspiritualsidetobeekeeping,”shesaid.“Youcan’tfullycontrolthem,likewithanythinginnature,really.Someyearsyougetagreathoneyseason.Someyearsarehorribleandyoulose50percentofyourhive.There’salotofheartbreakbutalotofjoyinit,too,justworkingoutsidewiththesecreatures—alivingsuperorganism(個體).”4.WhatassistsViviantohear?A.ahivebox. B.hearingaids.C.achemicalmaterial. D.othersenses.5.WhatisTRUEaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Vivianmovesgentlyinordernottodisturbthebees.B.AprotectivesuitisnecessaryforVivian.C.LosinghearingbringstroubletoVivian’swork.D.TheauthoristoofrightenedtofollowVivian’sinstructions.6.WhatmattersmostforViviantobecomeanexcellentbeekeeper?A.Herknowledgeonweatherconditions. B.Herremarkablehoneyproduction.C.Hernaturalbeekeepingtechniques. D.Herabilityofdealingwithdailyuncertainties.7.WhatisVivianlike?A.Deafanddepressed. B.Optimisticandskilled.C.Creativeandbrave. D.Heartbrokenbutdetermined.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者訪問達(dá)山田蜜蜂農(nóng)場時與養(yǎng)蜂人薇薇安的互動和交流。通過作者的觀察和薇薇安的自述，展現(xiàn)了薇薇安的個人經(jīng)歷、工作方式和對待養(yǎng)蜂的獨特態(tài)度?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Vivianwasbornwithextremedeafness.WhileVivianisabletohearwiththehelpofhearingaids,sheusuallytakeoffthemwhenshe’sworking.”（薇薇安生下來就極度失聰。雖然薇薇安在助聽器的幫助下能夠聽到聲音，但她在工作時通常會摘下助聽器。）可知，助聽器幫助薇薇安聽到聲音。故選B項。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Equippedwithonlyherhood（頭巾）,hivetool,andsmoker,Vivianmovesatagentlepacewiththeintentionofnotdisturbingthebees.”（薇薇安只帶著她的兜帽、蜂箱工具和煙熏器，為了不打擾蜜蜂，她輕輕地移動著。）可知，根據(jù)第三段薇薇安輕輕地移動，以免打擾蜜蜂這項陳述是正確的。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Perhapsaboveallelse,whatmakesViviananexcellentbeekeeperisalmostphilosophical.Expertatherjobhaseverythingtodowithadaptation,dealingwiththecountlesschangesthatappearonanygivenday.Istheretoomuchrain?Toolittle?Whenwilltheflowersbloom?Willtheyproduceenoughhoney?Sherespondsaccordingly,makingsurenottodisturbthebees’rhythmandbalance.”（也許最重要的是，薇薇安成為一名優(yōu)秀養(yǎng)蜂人的原因幾乎是哲學(xué)上的。她的工作與適應(yīng)有關(guān)，處理每天出現(xiàn)的無數(shù)變化。雨水太多了嗎？太少？花兒什么時候開放？它們能釀出足夠的蜜嗎？她做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)，確保不擾亂蜜蜂的節(jié)奏和平衡。）可知，薇薇安能夠應(yīng)對日常的不確定性，如天氣、花的開花時間和蜂蜜產(chǎn)量等，這種能力對她來說至關(guān)重要。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Vivianwasbornwithextremedeafness.WhileVivianisabletohearwiththehelpofhearingaids,sheusuallytakesoffthemwhenshe’sworking.“Soundsaren’tnaturaltome,”sheexplains.“Ijustlovethepeaceandquiet.”（薇薇安生下來就極度失聰。雖然薇薇安在助聽器的幫助下能夠聽到聲音，但她在工作時通常會摘下助聽器?！奥曇魧ξ襾碚f不自然，”她解釋說?！拔揖褪窍矚g這里的平和和安靜。）可知，薇薇安對于失聰她是樂觀的態(tài)度。以及第四段中“Perhapsaboveallelse,whatmakesViviananexcellentbeekeeperisalmostphilosophical.Expertatherjobhaseverythingtodowithadaptation,dealingwiththecountlesschangesthatappearonanygivenday.”（也許最重要的是，薇薇安成為一名優(yōu)秀養(yǎng)蜂人的原因幾乎是哲學(xué)上的。她的工作與適應(yīng)有關(guān)，處理每天出現(xiàn)的無數(shù)變化。）可知，她的養(yǎng)蜂技藝高超。因此，可以推斷出薇薇安是一個既樂觀又技藝高超的人。故選B項。CSometimesitisalmostimpossiblenottofeelhopelessandbroken,”saidtheclimatescientistRuthCerezo-Mota.“Afteralltheflooding,firesanddroughtsofthelastthreeyearsworldwide,areallrelatedtoclimatechange,andafterthefury(襲擊)ofHurricaneOtisinMexico,mycountry,Ireallythoughtgovernmentswerereadytolistentothescience,toactinthepeople’sbestinterest.”Instead,Cerezo-Motaexpectstheworldtoheatbyacatastrophic(災(zāi)難性的)3℃thiscentury,soaringpasttheinternationallyagreed1.5℃targetanddeliveringenormoussufferingtobillionsofpeople.Thisisheroptimisticview,shesaid.“ThebreakingpointformewasameetinginSingapore,”saidCerezo-Mota,anexpertinclimatemodellingattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexico.There,shelistenedtootherexpertsspellouttheconnectionbetweenrisingglobaltemperaturesandheatwaves,fires,stormsandfloodshurtingpeople-notattheendofthecentury,buttoday.“Thatwasthetimewheneverythingclicked(恍然大悟).”“Igotupset,”shesaid.“Itwasaverydarkpointinmylife.Iwasunabletodoanythingandwasjustsurviving.”Cerezo-Motarecoveredtocontinueherwork:“Wekeepdoingitbecausewehavetodoit,sothepowerfulcannotsaythattheydidn’tknow.Weknowwhatwe’retalkingabout.Theycansaytheydon’tcare,buttheycan’tsaytheydidn’tknow.”InMéridaontheYucatánpeninsula,whereCerezo-Motalives,theheatkeepsrising.“Lastsummer,wehadaround47℃maximum.Theworstpartisthat,evenatnight,it’s38℃,whichishigherthanyourbodytemperature.Itdoesn’tgiveaminuteofthedayforyourbodytotrytorecover.”Shesaidrecord-breakingheatwavesledtomanydeathsinMexico.“It’sveryfrustratingbecausemanyofthesethingscouldhavebeenavoided.Andit’sjustsillytothink:Well,Idon’tcareifMexicogetsdestroyed?Wehaveseentheseextremeeventshappeningeverywhere.Thereisnotasafeplaceforanyone.“Ithink3℃isbeinghopefulandconservative(保守的).1.5℃isalreadybad,butIdon’tthinkthereisanywaywearegoingtosticktothat.Thereisnotanyclearsignfromanygovernmentthatweareactuallygoingtostayunder1.5℃.”Cerezo-Motaisfarfromaloneinherfear.Asurveyofhundredsoftheworld’sclimateexpertshasfoundthat:●77%ofintervieweesbelieveglobaltemperatureswillreachatleast2.5℃abovepre-industriallevels,adisastrouslevel.●Almosthalf-42%—thinkitwillbemorethan3℃.●Only6%thinkthe1.5℃limitwillbeachieved.8.Theflooding,firesanddroughtsofthepastthreeyearsworldwideisconnectedwith__________.A.climatechange B.heatwaves C.hightemperature D.extremeevents9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soaringpast”inParagraph2probablymean?A.exceptfor B.byaccident C.onthespot D.farbeyond10.WhatisCerezo-Mot’sattitudetowardstheincreaseinglobaltemperatures?A.Subjective B.Concerned C.Indifferent D.Grateful11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatledtotheincreaseinglobaltemperatures?B.WhyisRuthCerezo-Motaindespair?C.Whatdidasurveyoftheworld’sclimateexpertsfind?D.WhatcauseddeathsinMexico?【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章通過采訪氣候科學(xué)家RuthCerezo-Mota，報道了她對全球氣候變化現(xiàn)狀的深切擔(dān)憂和個人情感體驗，同時引用了具體的氣候變化影響實例和數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果，科普了全球變暖的嚴(yán)峻形勢及其潛在后果?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Afteralltheflooding,firesanddroughtsofthelastthreeyearsworldwide,areallrelatedtoclimatechange,andafterthefury(襲擊)ofHurricaneOtisinMexico,mycountry,Ireallythoughtgovernmentswerereadytolistentothescience,toactinthepeople’sbestinterest.(過去三年，全球范圍內(nèi)的洪水、火災(zāi)和干旱都與氣候變化有關(guān)，在我的國家墨西哥奧蒂斯颶風(fēng)肆虐之后，我真的認(rèn)為政府已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好傾聽科學(xué)，為人民的最佳利益采取行動)”可知，RuthCerezo-Mota明確指出這些災(zāi)害與氣候變化相關(guān)聯(lián)。故選A?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段中“Instead,Cerezo-Motaexpectstheworldtoheatbyacatastrophic(災(zāi)難性的)3℃thiscentury(相反，Cerezo-Mota預(yù)計本世紀(jì)全球氣溫將達(dá)到災(zāi)難性的3攝氏度)”和“theinternationallyagreed1.5℃targetanddeliveringenormoussufferingtobillionsofpeople(國際商定的1.5攝氏度目標(biāo)，給數(shù)十億人帶來巨大痛苦)”可知，全球氣溫上升將會遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過國際間商定的1.5℃目標(biāo)，達(dá)到災(zāi)難性的3℃，劃線詞的含義為“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出”。A.exceptfor除了；B.byaccident意外；C.onthespot當(dāng)場；D.farbeyond遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段““Igotupset,”shesaid.“Itwasaverydarkpointinmylife.Iwasunabletodoanythingandwasjustsurviving.”(“我很沮喪，”她說?！澳鞘俏疑蟹浅：诎档臅r刻。我什么都做不了，只能生存下去?！?”、第四段“Cerezo-Motarecoveredtocontinueherwork:“Wekeepdoingitbecausewehavetodoit,sothepowerfulcannotsaythattheydidn’tknow.Weknowwhatwe’retalkingabout.Theycansaytheydon’tcare,buttheycan’tsaytheydidn’tknow.”(Cerezo-Mota恢復(fù)過來繼續(xù)她的工作：“我們一直在做，因為我們必須這樣做，所以有權(quán)有勢的人不能說他們不知道。我們知道我們在說什么。他們可以說他們不在乎，但不能說他們不知道?！?”、第五段“InMéridaontheYucatánpeninsula,whereCerezo-Motalives,theheatkeepsrising.“Lastsummer,wehadaround47℃maximum.Theworstpartisthat,evenatnight,it’s38℃,whichishigherthanyourbodytemperature.Itdoesn’tgiveaminuteofthedayforyourbodytotrytorecover.”(在塞雷佐-莫塔居住的Yucatán半島上的姆薩里達(dá)，氣溫持續(xù)上升。“去年夏天，最高氣溫約為47攝氏度。最糟糕的是，即使在晚上，氣溫也高達(dá)38℃，比你的體溫還要高。它不會給你的身體一分鐘的時間來恢復(fù)。”)”可知，Cerezo-Mota在文中表達(dá)了對政府未能采取有效行動的失望，以及對全球氣溫上升可能導(dǎo)致的巨大苦難的憂慮，因此她對全球氣溫上升的態(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Afteralltheflooding,firesanddroughtsofthelastthreeyearsworldwide,areallrelatedtoclimatechange,andafterthefury(襲擊)ofHurricaneOtisinMexico,mycountry,Ireallythoughtgovernmentswerereadytolistentothescience,toactinthepeople’sbestinterest.(過去三年，全球范圍內(nèi)的洪水、火災(zāi)和干旱都與氣候變化有關(guān)，在我的國家墨西哥奧蒂斯颶風(fēng)肆虐之后，我真的認(rèn)為政府已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好傾聽科學(xué)，為人民的最佳利益采取行動)”、第三段““Igotupset,”shesaid.“Itwasaverydarkpointinmylife.Iwasunabletodoanythingandwasjustsurviving.”(“我很沮喪，”她說?！澳鞘俏疑蟹浅：诎档臅r刻。我什么都做不了，只能生存下去?！?”和第四段“Cerezo-Motarecoveredtocontinueherwork:“Wekeepdoingitbecausewehavetodoit,sothepowerfulcannotsaythattheydidn’tknow.Weknowwhatwe’retalkingabout.Theycansaytheydon’tcare,buttheycan’tsaytheydidn’tknow.”(Cerezo-Mota恢復(fù)過來繼續(xù)她的工作：“我們一直在做，因為我們必須這樣做，所以有權(quán)有勢的人不能說他們不知道。我們知道我們在說什么。他們可以說他們不在乎，但不能說他們不知道?！?”可知，文章主要圍繞氣候科學(xué)家RuthCerezo-Mota對當(dāng)前氣候變化狀況的絕望情緒、她的個人經(jīng)歷以及對未來的悲觀預(yù)測展開，同時也提到了一項關(guān)于氣候?qū)＜铱捶ǖ恼{(diào)查結(jié)果，這些都緊密圍繞著RuthCerezo-Mota的絕望情緒及其原因。選項B“WhyisRuthCerezo-Motaindespair?(為什么RuthCerezo-Mota絕望了？)”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DGrowingevidenceshowsthatdancingcanboostbrainhealthandhelpmanageneurocognitive(神經(jīng)認(rèn)知的)disorders.Sowhatisitaboutdancethat’sdifferentfromotherregularexercises?HelenaBlumen,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)scientistatAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,saysthecomplex(復(fù)雜的)mentalmultitaskingthatdancerequiresinvolvesvariouspartsofthebrainatthesametime.Basically,dancingrequiresmorebrainpowerthansimplerrepetitive(重復(fù)的)exercises.Whilescientistsarestilllearninghowthemechanismsofdancingworkinthebrain,aclearerpictureisbeginningtoappear.ResearchersatOttovonGuerickeUniversityinMagdeburg,Germany,didMRIscansofolderadultswhohadparticipatedinoneoftwoprogramsoverasix-monthperiod.Onegrouppracticeddanceandtheotherdidatraditionalexerciseprogramwithcyclingandstrengthtraining.Whilebothgroupsimprovedtheirlevelofphysicalfitness,thedancersgrewmorewhiteandgraymatterinthepartsofthebrainresponsibleforcognitiveprocesses.Bothwhiteandgraymattertypicallydeclineaswegetolder,makingcommunicationinthebrainslow.Imagineyourbrainisacitywithloadsofroads.Theresearchersassumethechangesbroughtbydancingcontributetobrainplasticity,whichislikethecity’sabilitytobuildnewroads,repairoldonesorevenchangethedirectionoftrafficbasedonhowoftentheroutesareusedandwhatthecityneeds.Inadditiontothephysicalandneurological(神經(jīng)學(xué)的)benefits,dancecanalsohelppeopleacceptwhattheirbodiescanandcan’tdo.DawniaBaynes,44,developedmultiplesclerosis(MS)afterherbodyloseallfeelingfromthechestdown.SherecentlyjoinedanonlinedanceprogramforpeoplewithMS.Notonlyhasitimprovedherrangeofmotion,ithasalsohelpedherovercomeherfearofbeingjudgedforhowshemoves.“ToseeotherpeoplemovingislikeI’mmoving,”shesays,“andknowingthatIdon’thavetobeprofessionalandsupertechnicalinmydancingmakesmecomfortablewithwhereIamrightnow.”12.Whatdoesthementalmultitaskinginvolveaccordingtothetext?A.Avarietyofpartsofthebrain. B.Picturingabstractimages.C.Simplerepetitiveexercises. D.Highlevelofphysicalfitness.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plasticity”inparagraph4mean?A.Damage. B.Location. C.Flexibility. D.Process.14.WhatisthemainideaoftheParagraph5?A.Dancingisaprofessionalexercise.B.Dancingcanbenefitpeoplephysicallyandneurologically.C.Dancinghasimprovedpeople’srangeofemotion.D.Dancingcanhelppeopledevelopgreaterself-acceptance.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DanceforBetterHealth B.TakeProperExerciseC.AcceptWhatYouare D.ManageNeurocognitiveDisorders【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過闡述跳舞對大腦健康的益處，解釋了跳舞與其他常規(guī)運動的不同之處，并提到了相關(guān)的科學(xué)研究結(jié)果，旨在向讀者普及關(guān)于跳舞對大腦健康的科學(xué)知識和益處?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“HelenaBlumen,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)scientistatAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,saysthecomplex(復(fù)雜的)mentalmultitaskingthatdancerequiresinvolvesvariouspartsofthebrainatthesametime.Basically,dancingrequiresmorebrainpowerthansimplerrepetitive(重復(fù)的)exercises.（阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦醫(yī)學(xué)院(AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine)的認(rèn)知科學(xué)家海倫娜·布魯門(HelenaBlumen)說，跳舞需要大腦的多個部分同時參與復(fù)雜的多任務(wù)處理?；旧?，跳舞比簡單的重復(fù)練習(xí)需要更多的腦力。）可知，根據(jù)課文，心理多任務(wù)處理涉及到大腦的不同部分。故選A項?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“whichislikethecity’sabilitytobuildnewroads,repairoldonesorevenchangethedirectionoftrafficbasedonhowoftentheroutesareusedandwhatthecityneeds.”（這就像城市建造新道路、修復(fù)舊道路的能力，甚至可以根據(jù)道路的使用頻率和城市的需求改變交通方向。）以及上文“Imagineyourbrainisacitywithloadsofroads.”（想象你的大腦是一座有很多路的城市。）可知，在本段中作者將大腦比作一個有很多道路的城市，并提到跳舞帶來的變化有助于大腦的“plasticity”，這個能力就像城市能夠基于道路的使用頻率的城市需求建設(shè)新道路，修復(fù)舊道路或改變交通方向。這種能夠適應(yīng)和變化的能力與選項C項“Flexibility(靈活性)”相符。故選C項?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Inadditiontothephysicalandneurological(神經(jīng)學(xué)的)benefits,dancecanalsohelppeopleacceptwhattheirbodiescanandcan’tdo.DawniaBaynes,44,developedmultiplesclerosis(MS)afterherbodyloseallfeelingfromthechestdown.SherecentlyjoinedanonlinedanceprogramforpeoplewithMS.Notonlyhasitimprovedherrangeofmotion,ithasalsohelpedherovercomeherfearofbeingjudgedforhowshemoves.”（除了對身體和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的好處，舞蹈還可以幫助人們接受他們的身體能做什么和不能做什么。44歲的DawniaBaynes在胸部以下失去知覺后患上了多發(fā)性硬化癥。她最近參加了一個針對多發(fā)性硬化患者的在線舞蹈課程，這不僅提高了她的活動范圍，還幫助她克服了因動作而被評判的恐懼。）可知，該段主要講的是跳舞可以幫助人們發(fā)展更好的自我接納，幫助人們接受自己的身體能力和局限。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Growingevidenceshowsthatdancingcanboostbrainhealthandhelpmanageneurocognitive(神經(jīng)認(rèn)知的)disorders.Sowhatisitaboutdancethat’sdifferentfromotherregularexercises?”（越來越多的證據(jù)表明，跳舞可以促進(jìn)大腦健康，有助于控制神經(jīng)認(rèn)知障礙。那么舞蹈和其他常規(guī)運動有什么不同呢？）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了跳舞對大腦健康的好處，并解釋了跳舞與其他常規(guī)運動的不同之處。文章還提到了相關(guān)的科學(xué)研究結(jié)果，以及跳舞如何幫助人們接受自己的身體和能力。因此，一個合適的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)跳舞對健康的益處，選項A項“DanceforBetterHealth”能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。HOWTOOVERCOMEACREATIVEBLOCKI’msittingatmydesk,staringatablankdocument,hopingmyfingerswillstarttypingandabrilliantstorywillappearonmyscreen.EventhoughIfeelfortunatetousuallybefullofideas,Istillfacecreativeblockstimes—whenIfeeluninspired._____16_____.Differentemotionsmayleadtocreativeblocks.Oneistheso-called“innercritic”,avoiceweallhavewithinwhenwearefeelinganxious.There’snoroomformistakeswhenthisisincharge,soweendupfeelingfrozen.____17____.Asawayofpeople-pleasing,andavoidingconflictoranegativereactionfromotherpeople,itcanproducenegativeself-talk.Ifwefeelinsecure,wemaynotfeelsafetoexpressourselvesthroughartorcraft.Fortunately,therearestepswecantaketobreakthroughtheseblocks.WorkingwithourinnercriticWeworkwithourinnercriticbyteachingitmorecompassionate(有同情心的)waysofspeakingtous.____18____.Thebestwaytodothisistoimaginewhetheryouwouldsaythesamethingsyousayaboutyourselftoalovedone.It’sunlikelythatyou’dsay:“You’renotgoodenough,whatafailure!”Thenwecanthinkofakinderresponsesuchas:“You’velearnedsomuchfromthis,whatdoyouthinkyou’lldodifferentlynexttimeyouhaveago?”_____19_____Wecantryothercreativeandmindfulactivitiestohelpreduceanxiety,andboostyourself-esteem(自尊).Itcouldbesingingalongtoyourfavouritemusic,doingsomeweeding,goingoutforawalkinnature,takingphotographsonalunchtimestroll,orhavinginterestingconversationswithfriends.Thenyou’llfeelreadytogetyourcreativityonthegoagain.Nexttimeyou’refeelingacreativeblock,remindyourselfthatit’sOKtojustgetsomethingwritten,orpainted,orcraftedandthatyoudon’tneedtoshareitwithanyone.It’sallaboutmakingastart._____20_____.A.FillingyourcreativitycupB.TalkingtosomeoneyoutrustC.We’dbetterbemindfulofourlovedonesD.PerfectionismmaybeanothercontributorE.CreativityislikeamuscleandgetseasieronceyougetdoingF.SuchaproblemcanbesolvedbyunderstandingthecausesofthemG.Wemustidentifyitscommentsassomethingseparatefromourselves【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.A20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要描述了如何處理創(chuàng)造性障礙的情況，并給出了具體的建議和方法來克服這種障礙?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Differentemotionsmayleadtocreativeblocks.Oneistheso-called“innercritic”,avoiceweallhavewithinwhenwearefeelinganxious.There’snoroomformistakeswhenthisisincharge,soweendupfeelingfrozen.(不同的情緒可能導(dǎo)致創(chuàng)造性的障礙。一種是所謂的“內(nèi)心批評”，當(dāng)我們感到焦慮時，我們都會發(fā)出這樣的聲音。當(dāng)一切都在掌控之中的時候，就沒有犯錯的余地了，所以我們最終會感覺僵住了。)”可知，下文提出了了解創(chuàng)造性障礙的起因。選項F“Suchaproblemcanbesolvedbyunderstandingthecausesofthem(這樣的問題可以通過了解其原因來解決)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指出了解了創(chuàng)造性障礙的原因就可以解決創(chuàng)造性障礙，且Suchaproblem指代上文提到的問題。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Asawayofpeople-pleasing,andavoidingconflictoranegativereactionfromotherpeople,itcanproducenegativeself-talk.Ifwefeelinsecure,wemaynotfeelsafetoexpressourselvesthroughartorcraft.(作為一種取悅他人、避免沖突或他人消極反應(yīng)的方式，它會產(chǎn)生消極的自言自語。如果我們感到不安全，我們可能不會覺得通過藝術(shù)或工藝來表達(dá)自己是安全的。)”可知，下文解釋了另一種產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性障礙的原因。選項D“Perfectionismmaybeanothercontributor(完美主義可能是另一個因素)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是完美主義也會讓我們產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性障礙。故選D?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Weworkwithourinnercriticbyteachingitmorecompassionate(有同情心的)waysofspeakingtous.(我們與內(nèi)心的批評者一起工作，教它更富有同情心的方式與我們說話。)”可知，空前建議我們與內(nèi)心的批評者一起工作；而空后的“Thebestwaytodothisistoimaginewhetheryouwouldsaythesamethingsyousayaboutyourselftoalovedone.(做到這一點的最好方法是想象一下，你是否會對自己所愛的人說同樣的話。)”可推測，空處指的是如何和內(nèi)心的批評者相處。選項G“Wemustidentifyitscommentsassomethingseparatefromourselves(我們必須把它的評論看作與我們自己無關(guān)的東西)”與上下文內(nèi)容一致，建議我們將它的評論視為與我們自身分離的東西。故選G?！?9題詳析】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Wecantryothercreativeandmindfulactivitiestohelpreduceanxiety,andboostyourself-esteem(自尊).Itcouldbesingingalongtoyourfavouritemusic,doingsomeweeding,goingoutforawalkinnature,takingphotographsonalunchtimestroll,orhavinginterestingconversationswithfriends.Thenyou’llfeelreadytogetyourcreativityonthegoagain.(我們可以嘗試其他創(chuàng)造性和正念的活動來幫助減少焦慮，提高你的自尊。它可以是跟著你最喜歡的音樂唱歌，做一些除草，到大自然中散步，在午餐時間散步時拍照，或者和朋友進(jìn)行有趣的交談。然后你會覺得自己又準(zhǔn)備好讓自己的創(chuàng)造力發(fā)揮起來了。)”可知，本段提供了一個解決創(chuàng)造性阻塞和焦慮的具體方法，即通過參與其他有創(chuàng)造性和專注性的活動激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。選項A“Fillingyourcreativitycup(裝滿你的創(chuàng)造力杯)”指的正是通過參與其他有創(chuàng)造性和專注性的活動來填充創(chuàng)造力的杯子，與本段內(nèi)容相符。故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Nexttimeyou’refeelingacreativeblock,remindyourselfthatit’sOKtojustgetsomethingwritten,orpainted,orcraftedandthatyoudon’tneedtoshareitwithanyone.It’sallaboutmakingastart.(下次當(dāng)你覺得創(chuàng)意受阻時，提醒自己寫點東西、畫點東西、做點東西也沒關(guān)系，你不需要和任何人分享。一切都是為了開始。)”可知，當(dāng)我們創(chuàng)意受阻時，我們可以做點事情，都是為了開始。選項E“Creativityislikeamuscleandgetseasieronceyougetdoing(創(chuàng)造力就像肌肉，一旦你開始行動，它就會變得更容易)”描述了創(chuàng)造力的性質(zhì)，即一旦開始，它會變得更加容易，這與“開始”的概念直接相關(guān)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了行動的重要性。故選E。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Asanelementaryteacher,whatIhadexperiencedlatelytouchedmealot.Lastweek,myelementaryschool___21___CollegeColorsDay,whenalumni（校友）andfansshowtheirpassionandspiritforacertainuniversity.BaileytoldmehewantedtowearaUniversityofTennesseeshirt,buthecouldn’t___22___one.Wediscussedhecouldwearanorangeshirttoshowhis___23___.Whenthedayfinallyarrived,Baileywasso___24___toshowmehisshirt.Iwasimpressedthathetookitonestep___25___tomakehisownUT’slabel（標(biāo)志）.However,afterlunch,Baileycametomyoffice,___26___.Hetoldmesomegirlshadmadefunofthelabel___27___tohisshirt.Knowingthatheusedtheresources___28___tohimtotakepartinthespiritday,Idecidedtomakeitextraspecialforhim.IsharedthestoryonmysocialmediaandcontactedUTtobuyashirt,andwhathappenedsubsequently（后來）wasbeyondmyexpectation.Alumni,fansandvolunteers___29___inresponsetothisstory.Packages____30____withshirts,giftsandsouvenirs（紀(jì)念品）floodedin.____31____,inordertohonorthefourth-grader’sspirit,theuniversitydecidedto____32____afour-yearscholarshipcoveringhistuitionfeesifhedecidetoattendUTandmeetadmission____33____BaileyandIwere____34____bythelovefromtheextendedcommunity.Iamsurethisunforgettableexperiencewillserveas____35____forBaileythroughouthislife.21.A.held B.tended C.represent D.proved22.A.organize B.select C.afford D.recognize23.A.strength B.spirit C.experience D.obligation24.A.excited B.warmhearted C.optimistic D.energetic25.A.down B.further C.closer D.back26.A.curious B.generous C.concentrated D.upset27.A.attached B.limited C.exposed D.reduced28.A.available B.convenient C.precious D.independent29.A.putin B.steppedin C.droppedin D.gavein30.A.promoted B.filled C.rolled D.connected31.A.Afterall B.Inaway C.Asaresult D.Inaddition32.A.win B.reflect C.apply D.offer33.A.improvements B.arguments C.requirements D.achievements34.A.anxious B.confused C.surprised D.satisfied35.A.determination B.congratulation C.imagination D.inspiration【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.A28.A29.B30.B31.D32.D33.C34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者作為一名小學(xué)教師與一名學(xué)生貝利之間的互動和經(jīng)歷，展現(xiàn)了社區(qū)的關(guān)愛和支持如何對一個孩子產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上周，我的小學(xué)舉辦了“大學(xué)色彩日”，校友和粉絲們在這一天展示他們對某所大學(xué)的熱情和精神。A.held拿著，舉辦；B.tended照顧；C.represent代表；D.proved證明。根據(jù)空前“myelementaryschool”以及空后“CollegeColorsDay,whenalumniandfansshowtheirpassionandspiritforacertainuniversity.”可判斷，作者所在的學(xué)校舉辦了這一活動。故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：貝利告訴我，他想穿一件田納西大學(xué)的運動衫，但他買不起。A.organize組織；B.select選擇；C.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起；D.recognize認(rèn)出，識別。根據(jù)下文“IsharedthestoryonmysocialmediaandcontactedUTtobuyashirt,andwhathappenedsubsequentlywasbeyondmyexpectat